[2025年更新]合格できるCIPS L4M6テスト練習問題試験問題集
高合格率L4M6問題集解答でL4M6問題集と正解回答
質問 # 57
Which of the following are possible drivers for partnership sourcing? Select THREE.
- A. The need to improve performance to satisfy the end customer
To increase production costs and lead-times - B. Working together will create synergies
- C. The marketplace has become more volatile
- D. The protection of intellectual property rights
正解：A、B、C
解説：
The correct answers are; The marketplace has become more volatile, Working together will create synergies and The need to improve performance to satisfy the end customer. Further Drivers of Partnership Sourcing can be found on p.127. The other answers are incorrect as entering a partnership won't protect intellectual property rights- in fact that's one of the big risks of entering into a partnership. Partnerships won't increase costs and lead-times, they're likely to decrease them.
質問 # 58
Cigarettes and alcohol are often described as having an 'inelastic price'. What does this mean?
- A. The product is subject to age restrictions
- B. Changes in price will not affect how much of the item is bought
- C. The product is subject to high rates of tax
- D. Changes in price will greatly affect how much of the item is bought
正解：B
解説：
A product with an 'inelastic price' means that consumption doesn't really depend on how much it costs. So you could increase the price of alcohol and cigarettes and people would tend to still buy them. A product with an elastic price means that a change in price would have a large affect on the number of people who bought the item. See p.95 for more details on price elasticity.
質問 # 59
Which of the following are advantages for the buyer of early supplier involvement with the buyer's product development team?
- A. 2 and 4 only
- B. 1 and 2 only
- C. 1 and 3 only
- D. 2 and 3 only
正解：A
解説：
Early supplier involvement ensures the supplier understands process timelines and allows the buyer to leverage supplier capabilities. This improves product development efficiency and enhances outcomes.
質問 # 60
Early Supplier Involvement can be described as a collaborative relationship between a buyer and a supplier to develop a new project. Handfield's model describes four different levels of supplier involvement ranging from none to 'black box' (which is when the design is primarily driven by the supplier. What other level features on this model?
- A. Grey Box - when the involvement is buyer driven
- B. White Box - when there is informal integration and the buyer consults with a supplier on a design
- C. Blue Box - when the buyer creates the product without input from the supplier
- D. Red Box- when the supplier provides legal advice to the buyer on areas such as copywrite
正解：B
解説：
The Handfield ESI model is on p.98 and comprises of Black Box, Grey Box, White Box and None. Therefore Red and Blue can be automatically discounted. The correct answer is White Box as the definition given is correct. Grey Box is a formalised supplier integration; joint development activity between buyer and supplier.
I have no idea why Handfield calls his system after coloured boxes- but it's only briefly mentioned in the study guide and is not likely to be a big topic in the exam.
質問 # 61
Which of the following are considered part of the '5 Rights of Procurement'? Select THREE.
- A. focus
- B. quality
- C. place
- D. cost
- E. time
正解：B、C、E
解説：
The 5 Rights of procurement are; place, quality, quantity, time, price. (Price and Cost are not the same thing). See p.38
質問 # 62
A 'synergy' within a partnership can lead to what?
- A. Miscommunications
- B. Greater creativity
- C. Increased costs
- D. Poor performance
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is 'greater creativity'. A synergy is the concept that the value and performance of two companies combined will be greater than the sum of the separate individual parts. P.160
質問 # 63
In the public sector, there are many sources of information that a buyer can use to identify a suitable supplier.
Which of the following could be used? Select THREE
- A. Intranet
- B. Procurement Platforms
- C. Internal stakeholders' knowledge
- D. OJEU
- E. Tradeshows
正解：B、C、E
解説：
The correct answers are; tradeshows, internal stakeholders' knowledge and e-procurement platforms. Intranet is incorrect as this is an internal system so you wouldn't find information on external suppliers on here the careful not to confuse intranet with internet). OJEU is also incorrect; this is the platform on which tender opportunities in the public sector are published- its not a list of suppliers.
質問 # 64
A company is about to invite tenders for a contract to clean external windows at several premises, all at least three storeys high. It is going to do this in two stages. For the first stage, it will issue a pre-qualification questionnaire (PQQ) and, from the replies, select at least five potential suppliers to invite to tender. Which of the following is a selection criterion rather than an award criterion?
- A. Environmental impact assessment
- B. Risk assessments at the premises
- C. Method statements for previous contracts
- D. Price that will be charged
正解：C
解説：
Selection criteria focus on the supplier's capability and experience (e.g., method statements). Award criteria are used to evaluate and compare proposals during the tender process, such as price or environmental considerations.
質問 # 65
Which of the following relationship types are characterised by low levels of trust? Select TWO options
- A. Adversarial
(Correct) - B. Partnership
- C. Arm's Length
- D. Outsourced
- E. Single- Sourced
正解：A、C
解説：
Adversarial and Arm's Length relationships have low levels of trust. Single Source, Partnership and Outsourcing require high level of trust. See p.5 for the Supplier Relationship Spectrum
質問 # 66
Which of the following is an advantage for the suppler of entering into a partnership with a buyer?
- A. The Intellectual Property Rights of the buyer become yours
- B. They no longer have to try as hard to win business.
- C. There is more flexibility when selling the product
- D. They may gain an increased volume of business
正解：D
解説：
The correct answer is 'They may gain an increased volume of business'. The other options are just not true. See p.130 for advantages and disadvantages of partnerships from both the buyer and supplier's perspective. This is a hot topic for the exam.
質問 # 67
Which of the following are the stages of team development?
- A. Beginning, working, reviewing, performing
- B. Starting, forming, benchmarking, performing
- C. Introducing, forming, managing, performing
- D. Forming, storming, norming, performing
正解：D
解説：
The stages of team development as defined by Tuckman include forming, storming, norming, and performing.
These stages reflect how teams evolve and mature through collaboration and problem-solving.
質問 # 68
Which of the following are typical examples of partnering between companies? Select the TWO that apply.
- A. Joint venture
- B. Public limited company
- C. Limited company
- D. Strategic alliance
- E. Sole trader
正解：A、D
解説：
Joint ventures and strategic alliances are examples of partnerships as they involve collaboration between entities to achieve shared objectives. Sole traders and public limited companies describe organizational structures, not partnership types.
質問 # 69
Innovation is a key consideration when entering into a partnership. Is this statement true?
- A. No- the key consideration when entering a partnership is cost reduction
- B. Yes- innovation is the only reason to enter into a partnership
- C. No- innovation is best achieved in a contractual relationship where KPIs can be monitored closely.
- D. Yes- joint innovation projects are often a strong motivation for entering into a partnership
正解：D
解説：
The correct answer is 'Yes- joint innovation projects are often a strong motivation for entering into a partnership'. The other options are simply not true statements. A lot of the questions on the 'Partnerships' chapters of the book are common-sense questions like this. It involves reading the Question: and using logic, rather that relying on your knowledge of procurement. If you found this Question: easy - that's a good sign for the exam.
質問 # 70
Togo Bongos is a manufacturer of percussion instruments, in particular of bongo drums. It requires electricity to run its factories and this is a major factor of cost impact. There are lots of suppliers of electricity in the market and there is no switching costs if Togo Bongos wanted to switch suppliers. What type of supplier is Togo Bongo's electricity supplier?
- A. strategic
- B. bottleneck
- C. routine
- D. leverage
正解：D
解説：
This is a leverage supplier on the Kraljic Matrix; high cost impact and low risk impact. The diagram on p.20 gives the example of utility services such as electricity as a common leverage supplier. There are lots of questions on Kraljic in the exam - do revise this topic and ensure you understand each of the four quadrants of the matrix
質問 # 71
Red Manufacturing work with around 40 different suppliers. One of these suppliers is Blue Business. Red Manufacturing order regularly from Blue Business, and have never had any issues with their performance.
The materials Blue Business supply are of low value and there are several other suppliers of these materials in the market. What type of relationship should Red Manufacturing seek to have with Blue Manufacturing?
- A. partnership
- B. adversarial
- C. single-source
- D. arms-length
正解：D
解説：
The correct answer is 'arms length'. This is a tactical purchase (as it is low value) and keeping the supplier at arms-length means that Red Manufacturing could possibly exploit them to reduce their prices (think back to the Kraljic matrix and where Blue Business would likely fall). A Partnership or Single- Source relationship requires investment into the relationship, and as the products are low value and Red Manufacturing have a lot of other suppliers, they should not be investing time in developing that relationship with Blue Business. An adversarial relationship wouldn't be advantageous as it may lower the performance of the supplier. See the relationship spectrum on p.5 - this is a hot topic for the exam
質問 # 72
In public sector procurement, according to EU legislation, certain items must be procured via open-competition. What type of items are these?
- A. Items that are produced by lots of suppliers
- B. Items of high value
- C. Items of strategic importance
- D. Items that are imported from outside the EU
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is 'items of high value'. This links into the EU procurement principle of 'Proportionality' meaning that the procurement process must be proportionate to the value of the contract. Therefore, high value contracts must be procured via competition. What is considered 'high value' is decided by 'thresholds'. These are amended every 2 years to account for inflation etc, but you don't need to know what the thresholds are for this exam. P.75
質問 # 73
The executive board of a manufacturing company is requesting support from the procurement team because the company needs to improve its levels of profitability. After segmenting the overall spend by value and risk of supply, the senior buyer for the company is planning to undertake a cost modeling activity. This will be undertaken with a cross-organizational team of internal stakeholders and key strategic suppliers. What would be the buyer's initial objective from the cost modeling activity?
- A. To understand the supplier's financial status
- B. To understand the supplier's competitive threats
- C. To understand the supplier's pricing strategy
- D. To understand the supplier's investment plans
正解：C
解説：
Cost modeling helps in understanding supplier pricing strategies, identifying cost drivers, and opportunities for negotiation or cost reduction, which supports profitability improvements.
質問 # 74
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