ベストな準備プランPSD試験2025年最新のScrum Certification無制限165問題
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質問 # 90
While developing a new feature, you find a bug delivered in a previous Increment. What should you do?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Talk to the Product Owner about what steps to take.
- B. Stub out the code that caused the bug so it no longer occurs.
- C. Revise the tests so that the bug no longer appears on the bug report.
- D. Set aside the Sprint Goal until the bug is fixed.
正解：A
解説：
Detailed Explanation: The Product Owner prioritizes the work in the Product Backlog, including bugs.
Developers should collaborate with the Product Owner to decide how to address the bug without jeopardizing Sprint Goals.
質問 # 91
Which best describes the Product Backlog? (choose the best answer)
- A. It is baselined to follow change management processes.
- B. It contains all foreseeable tasks and requirements from which the Scrum Team can develop and maintain a complete project plan.
- C. It provides just enough information to enable a Scrum Team to start the design phase of a product.
- D. It is allowed to grow and change as more is learned about the product and its customers.
正解：D
解説：
Detailed Explanation: The Product Backlog is a dynamic artifact that evolves as the Scrum Team learns more about customer needs and product requirements. It reflects Scrum's empirical nature.
質問 # 92
What are two reasons to use mock objects in unit tests?
- A. The behavior of a given object can be emulated to the system under test
- B. To increase tight coupling
- C. Isolating a particular system component for controlled testing
- D. TDD is impossible without them
- E. They are machine-generated and eliminate the need to write code by hand
正解：A、C
解説：
Mock objects are simulating the behavior of dependencies such as persistance layers or APIs. By mocking these you can be sure about what you are testing, and not accidentally testing the external dependency.
質問 # 93
When do the developers participate in the product backlog refinement?
- A. Never, it is the sole responsibility of the Product owner to refine the backlog
- B. Only during the sprint planning
- C. Only during the refinement meetings planned by the PO
- D. Anytime during the sprint
正解：D
解説：
There is no set time for product backlog refinement.
質問 # 94
Which of the following best describes an increment of working software?
- A. UML diagrams that describe how to deliver functionality in future iterations
- B. A new user interface design for functionality delivered in previous iterations
- C. A decomposition of all product backlog items into tasks for future sprint backlog lists
- D. Additions features in a usable state that complement those delivered in previous iterations
- E. An automated test suite to verify functionality delivered in previous iterations
正解：D
解説：
An increment is the usable value added in the last sprint plus the usable work of all previous sprints.
質問 # 95
The scrum team should change in members:
- A. Every sprint to remain agile
- B. Never, it will reduce the velocity
- C. As needed, but it should not affect the productivity
- D. As needed, taking into account a short term reduction in productivity
正解：D
解説：
Changing the team members is sometimes necessary, this will have an effect on productivity. So it should only be used when really necessary.
質問 # 96
What is a sprint burn down chart?
- A. Visual representation of the product backlog items left
- B. A chart showing progress towards the product goal
- C. Visual representation of work that is still to do and time that is left
- D. A chart that shows whether bugs came up
正解：C
質問 # 97
What is test first development?
- A. Having the tester in the development team write the test plans before coding
- B. The continuous restructuring of software to retain flexibility
- C. Creating tests before satisfying them
- D. Testing existing code before adding more code to it
正解：A
解説：
Test first development is a different way of saying TDD.
質問 # 98
Only technical writers can create documentation during a sprint
- A. True
- B. False
正解：B
解説：
Work that's part of the sprint is done by the developers, scrum doesn't have specific roles
質問 # 99
True or False: User Stories are required in the Product Backlog.
- A. True
- B. False
正解：B
解説：
Detailed Explanation: User Stories are not required in the Product Backlog as per the Scrum Guide. The Product Backlog is a collection of all work to be done on the product, and it can include a variety of formats, such as tasks, features, and technical requirements, not just user stories.
質問 # 100
Who must attend the daily scrum? Choose all that apply.
- A. The manager of the IT department
- B. The product owner
- C. It is optional, no one has to attend
- D. The developers
- E. Everyone invited by the product owner
- F. The scrum master
正解：D
解説：
The scrum guide says: "The Daily Scrum is a 15-minute event for the Developers of the Scrum Team. "
質問 # 101
Select three criteria for the definition of done
- A. Code coverage 90%
- B. The product is released at the end of every sprint
- C. Acceptance tests pass
- D. Regression tests pass
- E. Code review is done
正解：C、D、E
解説：
Releasing the product at the end of the sprint doesn't relate to one item and when it's done. Code coverage does, but it's the worst criteria in this list, because it's a stimulus to write tests that cover a lot of lines rather than cover the functionality.
質問 # 102
What does code coverage show?
- A. The ratio of the number of tests to lines of code in the system being tested
- B. Code being exercised by tests
- C. The quality of unit tests being written
- D. The absence of defects in code
- E. When a feature is done
正解：B
解説：
The ratio answer is wrong, because it doesn't say anything about the number of tests to lines of code, but it does say the percentage of lines of code that is being tested. Hence, the correct answer is code being exercised by tests.
質問 # 103
Choose three reasons why automated builds are important.
- A. They allow frequent validation and ensure the product remains in a potentially releasable state
- B. They clearly define the build process
- C. They support Continuous Integration
- D. They ensure your product remains bug free
- E. The eliminate the need for build engineers
正解：A、B、C
解説：
Automated builds are making builds of the code after every change to the codebase. As soon as something breaks, the developers get informed. In order to automate it, the build process needs to be cleary defined. They're a corner stone for CI.
質問 # 104
How much time will there be after a sprint before the next one starts?
- A. Enough to deploy the increment and update the product backlog based on the outcome of the sprint review
- B. At most a week for a one-month sprint
- C. Enough to clean up lingering definition of done points
- D. None, a new sprint starts immediately after the end of the previous one
正解：D
解説：
The scrum guide says: "A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint."
質問 # 105
The practice of decomposing a requirement into failing tests is called:
- A. Regression testing
- B. Scrum testing
- C. Acceptance test driven development
- D. Behavior driven development
正解：C
質問 # 106
The practice of decomposing a requirement into failing tests is called:
- A. Regression testing
- B. Scrum testing
- C. Acceptance test driven development
- D. Behavior driven development
正解：C
解説：
In ATDD you start with writing tests to represent the requirement. Since you start with this, there is no production code to satisfy the test which is why the tests will fail.
質問 # 107
What are the scrum values?
- A. transparency, inspection, adaptations
- B. commitment, focus, openness, respect and courage
- C. commitment, empiricism, focus, respect
- D. commitment, focus, respect, transparency and courage
正解：B
質問 # 108
What is static analysis?
- A. A tool that inspects the correctness of static keyword usage
- B. Analysis performed on code
- C. Work performed by the business analyst
- D. Analysis performed on software at runtime
正解：B
解説：
Static analys is performed on code (and not a running program or build).
質問 # 109
What event is timeboxed?
- A. Daily Scrum
- B. Sprint retrospective
- C. Sprint planning
- D. Sprint
- E. All of these
- F. Sprint review
正解：E
質問 # 110
What are possible benefits from practicing Test-Driven Development? (choose the best three answers)
- A. It might lead to better code as refactoring is part of the Test-Driven Development cycle.
- B. It is a great way for Testers to contribute early in the Sprint as they can start creating all the tests from the beginning.
- C. It helps break down complex problems into smaller ones that are much easier to be tackled.
- D. It increases collaboration between Developers as it requires Pair Programming.
- E. It helps to identify gaps in understanding the desired behavior.
- F. It makes Integration Tests obsolete and by doing so saves a lot of time.
正解：A、C、E
解説：
Detailed Explanation: Test-Driven Development (TDD) helps identify gaps in understanding by requiring tests that outline the desired behavior. Refactoring ensures better code quality, and breaking problems into smaller units makes them manageable.
質問 # 111
What are some disadvantages of code coverage as a measure for how well a system or product is tested?
(three answers)
- A. It does not ensure that the most important or highest risk areas of the code are being exercised by tests
- B. It does not measure usability
- C. It could create incentives to write tests that simply increase code coverage, rather than tests that find bugs without increasing code coverage
- D. It is too complicated to explain to management
- E. It only provides insights to programmers
正解：A、B、C
解説：
Not being able to explain to management should never be the reason to not do it. It doesn't only provide some data to programmers, the problem is that code coverage alone is not meaning a lot.
質問 # 112
True or False: An Increment must be released to customers or users at the end of each Sprint.
- A. True
- B. False
正解：B
解説：
Detailed Explanation: While each Increment must meet the Definition of Done and be potentially releasable, releasing it is not mandatory. The decision to release lies with the Product Owner and stakeholders.
質問 # 113
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