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合格ISO 27001 ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Implementer試験問題には181問があります
PECB認定ISO/IEC 27001リード実装試験は、リスク管理プロセスの実装、情報セキュリティポリシー、手順、およびコントロールの開発と実装、ISO/IECに基づくセキュリティ制御の実装など、幅広いトピックをカバーしています。 27002、セキュリティ啓発プログラムの実施、および情報セキュリティインシデントの管理。この試験では、情報セキュリティ管理システムの計画、実装、評価、改善など、ISO/IEC 27001の要件もカバーしています。
質問 # 85
An employee from Reyae Ltd. unintentionally sent an email containing critical business strategies to a competitor. Which information security principle was compromised in this case?
- A. Availability
- B. Integrity
- C. Confidentiality
正解：C
質問 # 86
Scenario 5: Operaze is a small software development company that develops applications for various companies around the world. Recently, the company conducted a risk assessment to assess the information security risks that could arise from operating in a digital landscape. Using different testing methods, including penetration Resting and code review, the company identified some issues in its ICT systems, including improper user permissions, misconfigured security settings, and insecure network configurations. To resolve these issues and enhance information security, Operaze decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.
Considering that Operaze is a small company, the entire IT team was involved in the ISMS implementation project. Initially, the company analyzed the business requirements and the internal and external environment, identified its key processes and activities, and identified and analyzed the interested parties In addition, the top management of Operaze decided to Include most of the company's departments within the ISMS scope. The defined scope included the organizational and physical boundaries. The IT team drafted an information security policy and communicated it to all relevant interested parties In addition, other specific policies were developed to elaborate on security issues and the roles and responsibilities were assigned to all interested parties.
Following that, the HR manager claimed that the paperwork created by ISMS does not justify its value and the implementation of the ISMS should be canceled However, the top management determined that this claim was invalid and organized an awareness session to explain the benefits of the ISMS to all interested parties.
Operaze decided to migrate Its physical servers to their virtual servers on third-party infrastructure. The new cloud computing solution brought additional changes to the company Operaze's top management, on the other hand, aimed to not only implement an effective ISMS but also ensure the smooth running of the ISMS operations. In this situation, Operaze's top management concluded that the services of external experts were required to implement their information security strategies. The IT team, on the other hand, decided to initiate a change in the ISMS scope and implemented the required modifications to the processes of the company.
Based on scenario 5. which committee should Operaze create to ensure the smooth running of the ISMS?
- A. Operational committee
- B. Management committee
- C. Information security committee
正解：C
解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 5.1, the top management of an organization is responsible for ensuring the leadership and commitment for the ISMS. However, the top management may delegate some of its responsibilities to an information security committee, which is a group of people who oversee the ISMS and provide guidance and support for its implementation and operation. The information security committee may include representatives from different departments, functions, or levels of the organization, as well as external experts or consultants. The information security committee may have various roles and responsibilities, such as:
* Establishing the information security policy and objectives
* Approving the risk assessment and risk treatment methodology and criteria
* Reviewing and approving the risk assessment and risk treatment results and plans
* Monitoring and evaluating the performance and effectiveness of the ISMS
* Reviewing and approving the internal and external audit plans and reports
* Initiating and approving corrective and preventive actions
* Communicating and promoting the ISMS to all interested parties
* Ensuring the alignment of the ISMS with the strategic direction and objectives of the organization
* Ensuring the availability of resources and competencies for the ISMS
* Ensuring the continual improvement of the ISMS
Therefore, in scenario 5, Operaze should create an information security committee to ensure the smooth running of the ISMS, as this committee would provide the necessary leadership, guidance, and support for the ISMS implementation and operation.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 5.1; PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 4, slide 9.
質問 # 87
What should an organization demonstrate through documentation?
- A. That Its security controls are implemented based on risk scenarios
- B. That the complexity of processes and their interactions is documented
- C. That the distribution of paper copies is regularly complete
正解：A
質問 # 88
Scenario 2: Beauty is a cosmetics company that has recently switched to an e-commerce model, leaving the traditional retail. The top management has decided to build their own custom platform in-house and outsource the payment process to an external provider operating online payments systems that support online money transfers.
Due to this transformation of the business model, a number of security controls were implemented based on the identified threats and vulnerabilities associated to critical assets. To protect customers' information. Beauty's employees had to sign a confidentiality agreement. In addition, the company reviewed all user access rights so that only authorized personnel can have access to sensitive files and drafted a new segregation of duties chart.
However, the transition was difficult for the IT team, who had to deal with a security incident not long after transitioning to the e commerce model. After investigating the incident, the team concluded that due to the out-of-date anti-malware software, an attacker gamed access to their files and exposed customers' information, including their names and home addresses.
The IT team decided to stop using the old anti-malware software and install a new one which would automatically remove malicious code in case of similar incidents. The new software was installed in every workstation within the company. After installing the new software, the team updated it with the latest malware definitions and enabled the automatic update feature to keep it up to date at all times. Additionally, they established an authentication process that requires a user identification and password when accessing sensitive information.
In addition, Beauty conducted a number of information security awareness sessions for the IT team and other employees that have access to confidential information in order to raise awareness on the importance of system and network security.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Based on scenario 2. which principle of information security was NOT compromised by the attack?
- A. integrity
- B. Confidentiality
- C. Availability
正解：A
質問 # 89
Scenario 3: Socket Inc is a telecommunications company offering mainly wireless products and services. It uses MongoDB. a document model database that offers high availability, scalability, and flexibility.
Last month, Socket Inc. reported an information security incident. A group of hackers compromised its MongoDB database, because the database administrators did not change its default settings, leaving it without a password and publicly accessible.
Fortunately. Socket Inc. performed regular information backups in their MongoDB database, so no information was lost during the incident. In addition, a syslog server allowed Socket Inc. to centralize all logs in one server. The company found out that no persistent backdoor was placed and that the attack was not initiated from an employee inside the company by reviewing the event logs that record user faults and exceptions.
To prevent similar incidents in the future, Socket Inc. decided to use an access control system that grants access to authorized personnel only. The company also implemented a control in order to define and implement rules for the effective use of cryptography, including cryptographic key management, to protect the database from unauthorized access The implementation was based on all relevant agreements, legislation, and regulations, and the information classification scheme. To improve security and reduce the administrative efforts, network segregation using VPNs was proposed.
Lastly, Socket Inc. implemented a new system to maintain, collect, and analyze information related to information security threats, and integrate information security into project management.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Which security control does NOT prevent information security incidents from recurring?
- A. Information backup
- B. Segregation of networks
- C. Privileged access rights
正解：A
解説：
Information backup is a corrective control that aims to restore the information in case of data loss, corruption, or deletion. It does not prevent information security incidents from recurring, but rather mitigates their impact. The other options are preventive controls that reduce the likelihood of information security incidents by limiting the access to authorized personnel, segregating the networks, and using cryptography. These controls can help Socket Inc. avoid future attacks on its MongoDB database by addressing the vulnerabilities that were exploited by the hackers.
Reference:
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.13 - Information Backup1
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.1 - Access Control Policy2
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.2 - User Access Management3
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.3 - User Responsibilities4
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.4 - System and Application Access Control
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.5 - Cryptography
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.6 - Network Security Management
質問 # 90
In the SABSA framework, which layer is concerned with viewing the services at a high level?
- A. Logical security architecture
- B. Component security architecture
- C. Physical security architecture
正解：A
質問 # 91
Scenario 1:
HealthGenic is a leading multi-specialty healthcare organization providing patients with comprehensive medical services in Toronto, Canad a. The organization relies heavily on a web-based medical software platform to monitor patient health, schedule appointments, generate customized medical reports, securely store patient data, and facilitate seamless communication among various stakeholders, including patients, physicians, and medical laboratory staff.
As the organization expanded its services and demand grew, frequent and prolonged service interruptions became more common, causing significant disruptions to patient care and administrative processes. As such, HealthGenic initiated a comprehensive risk analysis to assess the severity of risks it faced.
When comparing the risk analysis results with its risk criteria to determine whether the risk and its significance were acceptable or tolerable, HealthGenic noticed a critical gap in its capacity planning and infrastructure resilience. Recognizing the urgency of this issue, HealthGenic reached out to the software development company responsible for its platform. Utilizing its expertise in healthcare technology, data management, and compliance regulations, the software development company successfully resolved the service interruptions.
However, HealthGenic also uncovered unauthorized changes to user access controls. Consequently, some medical reports were altered, resulting in incomplete and inaccurate medical records. The company swiftly acknowledged and corrected the unintentional changes to user access controls. When analyzing the root cause of these changes, HealthGenic identified a vulnerability related to the segregation of duties within the IT department, which allowed individuals with system administration access also to manage user access controls. Therefore, HealthGenic decided to prioritize controls related to organizational structure, including segregation of duties, job rotations, job descriptions, and approval processes.
In response to the consequences of the service interruptions, the software development company revamped its infrastructure by adopting a scalable architecture hosted on a cloud platform, enabling dynamic resource allocation based on demand. Rigorous load testing and performance optimization were conducted to identify and address potential bottlenecks, ensuring the system could handle increased user loads seamlessly. Additionally, the company promptly assessed the unauthorized access and data alterations.
To ensure that all employees, including interns, are aware of the importance of data security and the proper handling of patient information, HealthGenic included controls tailored to specifically address employee training, management reviews, and internal audits. Additionally, given the sensitivity of patient data, HealthGenic implemented strict confidentiality measures, including robust authentication methods, such as multi-factor authentication.
In response to the challenges faced by HealthGenic, the organization recognized the vital importance of ensuring a secure cloud computing environment. It initiated a comprehensive self-assessment specifically tailored to evaluate and enhance the security of its cloud infrastructure and practices.
During which of the following processes did HealthGenic notice a critical gap in its capacity planning and infrastructure resilience?
- A. Risk treatment
- B. Risk evaluation
- C. Risk acceptance
正解：B
質問 # 92
Scenario 2: Beauty is a cosmetics company that has recently switched to an e-commerce model, leaving the traditional retail. The top management has decided to build their own custom platform in-house and outsource the payment process to an external provider operating online payments systems that support online money transfers.
Due to this transformation of the business model, a number of security controls were implemented based on the identified threats and vulnerabilities associated to critical assets. To protect customers' information. Beauty's employees had to sign a confidentiality agreement. In addition, the company reviewed all user access rights so that only authorized personnel can have access to sensitive files and drafted a new segregation of duties chart.
However, the transition was difficult for the IT team, who had to deal with a security incident not long after transitioning to the e commerce model. After investigating the incident, the team concluded that due to the out-of-date anti-malware software, an attacker gamed access to their files and exposed customers' information, including their names and home addresses.
The IT team decided to stop using the old anti-malware software and install a new one which would automatically remove malicious code in case of similar incidents. The new software was installed in every workstation within the company. After installing the new software, the team updated it with the latest malware definitions and enabled the automatic update feature to keep it up to date at all times. Additionally, they established an authentication process that requires a user identification and password when accessing sensitive information.
In addition, Beauty conducted a number of information security awareness sessions for the IT team and other employees that have access to confidential information in order to raise awareness on the importance of system and network security.
Based on scenario 2, Beauty should have implemented (1)_____________________________ to detect (2)_________________________.
- A. (1) An intrusion detection system, (2) intrusions on networks
- B. (1) An access control software, (2) patches
- C. (1) Network intrusions, (2) technical vulnerabilities
正解：A
解説：
An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a device or software application that monitors network activities, looking for malicious behaviors or policy violations, and reports their findings to a management station. An IDS can help an organization to detect intrusions on networks, which are unauthorized attempts to access, manipulate, or harm network resources or data. In the scenario, Beauty should have implemented an IDS to detect intrusions on networks, such as the one that exposed customers' information due to the out-of-date anti-malware software. An IDS could have alerted the IT team about the suspicious network activity and helped them to respond faster and more effectively. Therefore, the correct answer is C.
質問 # 93
Scenario 4: TradeB. a commercial bank that has just entered the market, accepts deposits from its clients and offers basic financial services and loans for investments. TradeB has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 Having no experience of a management
[^system implementation, TradeB's top management contracted two experts to direct and manage the ISMS implementation project.
First, the project team analyzed the 93 controls of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and their objectives Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on three nonnumerical categories (low, medium, and high). They evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria and decided to treat only the high risk category They also decided to focus primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures by establishing a new version of the access control policy, implementing controls to manage and control user access, and implementing a control for ICT readiness for business continuity Lastly, they drafted a risk assessment report, in which they wrote that if after the implementation of these security controls the level of risk is below the acceptable level, the risks will be accepted Based on scenario 4, the fact that TradeB defined the level of risk based on three nonnumerical categories indicates that;
- A. The level of risk will be evaluated using quantitative analysis
- B. The level of risk will be defined using a formula
- C. The level of risk will be evaluated against qualitative criteria
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
Qualitative risk assessment is a method of evaluating risks based on nonnumerical categories, such as low, medium, and high. It is often used when there is not enough data or resources to perform a quantitative risk assessment, which involves numerical values and calculations. Qualitative risk assessment relies on the subjective judgment and experience of the risk assessors, and it can be influenced by various factors, such as the context, the stakeholders, and the criteria. According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A, control A.8.2.1 states: "The organization shall define and apply an information security risk assessment process that: ... d) identifies the risk owners; e) analyses the risks: i) assesses the consequences that would result if the risks identified were to materialize; ii) assesses the realistic likelihood of the occurrence of the risks; f) identifies and evaluates options for the treatment of risks; g) determines the levels of residual risk and whether these are acceptable; and h) identifies the risk owners for the residual risks." Therefore, TradeB's decision to define the level of risk based on three nonnumerical categories indicates that they used a qualitative risk assessment process.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A, control A.8.2.1
PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 7, slides 12-13
質問 # 94
Scenario 1: HealthGenic is a pediatric clinic that monitors the health and growth of individuals from infancy to early adulthood using a web-based medical software. The software is also used to schedule appointments, create customized medical reports, store patients' data and medical history, and communicate with all the [^involved parties, including parents, other physicians, and the medical laboratory staff.
Last month, HealthGenic experienced a number of service interruptions due to the increased number of users accessing the software Another issue the company faced while using the software was the complicated user interface, which the untrained personnel found challenging to use.
The top management of HealthGenic immediately informed the company that had developed the software about the issue. The software company fixed the issue; however, in the process of doing so, it modified some files that comprised sensitive information related to HealthGenic's patients. The modifications that were made resulted in incomplete and incorrect medical reports and, more importantly, invaded the patients' privacy.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
According to scenario 1, which of the following controls implemented by Antiques is a detective and administrative control?
- A. Review of all user access rights
- B. Enable the automatic update feature of the new software
- C. Review of the information security policy
正解：A
質問 # 95
A healthcare organization needs to ensure that patient records are available to the medical staff whenever needed. Which measure should it prioritize to achieve this?
- A. Implementing multi-factor authentication
- B. Using version control systems for data management
- C. Establishing record retention policies
正解：C
質問 # 96
The company Midwest Insurance has taken many measures to protect its information. It uses an Information Security Management System, the input and output of data in applications is validated, confidential documents are sent in encrypted form and staff use tokens to access information systems. Which of these is not a technical measure?
- A. Validation of input and output data in applications
- B. Information Security Management System
- C. The use of tokens to gain access to information systems
- D. Encryption ofinformation
正解：B
質問 # 97
Scenario 9: OpenTech provides IT and communications services. It helps data communication enterprises and network operators become multi-service providers During an internal audit, its internal auditor, Tim, has identified nonconformities related to the monitoring procedures He identified and evaluated several system Invulnerabilities.
Tim found out that user IDs for systems and services that process sensitive information have been reused and the access control policy has not been followed After analyzing the root causes of this nonconformity, the ISMS project manager developed a list of possible actions to resolve the nonconformity. Then, the ISMS project manager analyzed the list and selected the activities that would allow the elimination of the root cause and the prevention of a similar situation in the future. These activities were included in an action plan The action plan, approved by the top management, was written as follows:
A new version of the access control policy will be established and new restrictions will be created to ensure that network access is effectively managed and monitored by the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Department The approved action plan was implemented and all actions described in the plan were documented.
Based on scenario 9. did the ISMS project manager complete the corrective action process appropriately?
- A. No, the corrective action process should also include the review of the implementation of the selected actions
- B. Yes, the corrective action process should include the identification of the nonconformity, situation analysis, and implementation of corrective actions
- C. No, the corrective action did not address the root cause of the nonconformity
正解：A
解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, the corrective action process consists of the following steps12:
Reacting to the nonconformity and, as applicable, taking action to control and correct it and deal with the consequences Evaluating the need for action to eliminate the root cause(s) of the nonconformity, in order that it does not recur or occur elsewhere Implementing the action needed Reviewing the effectiveness of the corrective action taken Making changes to the information security management system, if necessary In scenario 9, the ISMS project manager did not complete the last step of reviewing the effectiveness of the corrective action taken. This step is important to verify that the corrective action has achieved the intended results and that no adverse effects have been introduced. The review can be done by using various methods, such as audits, tests, inspections, or performance indicators3. Therefore, the ISMS project manager did not complete the corrective action process appropriately.
Reference:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 10.2 2: Procedure for Corrective Action [ISO 27001 templates] 3: ISO 27001 Clause 10.2 Nonconformity and corrective action
質問 # 98
Based on scenario 9. did the ISMS project manager complete the corrective action process appropriately?
- A. No, the corrective action process should also include the review of the implementation of the selected actions
- B. Yes, the corrective action process should include the identification of the nonconformity, situation analysis, and implementation of corrective actions
- C. No, the corrective action did not address the root cause of the nonconformity
正解：C
質問 # 99
An organization has decided to conduct information security awareness and training sessions on a monthly basis for all employees. Only 45% of employees who attended these sessions were able to pass the exam.
What does the percentage represent?
- A. Attribute
- B. Performance indicator
- C. Measurement objective
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
According to the ISO/IEC 27001:2022 standard, a performance indicator is "a metric that provides information about the effectiveness or efficiency of an activity, process, system or organization" (section 3.35). A performance indicator should be measurable, relevant, achievable, realistic and time-bound (SMART). In this case, the percentage of employees who passed the exam is a performance indicator that measures the effectiveness of the information security awareness and training sessions. It shows how well the sessions achieved their intended learning outcomes and how well the employees understood the information security concepts and practices.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Information security management systems - Requirements1 ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Info Kit Key performance indicators for an ISO 27001 ISMS2
質問 # 100
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