最適な練習法にはCIPP-C問題集で素晴らしいCIPP-C試験問題PDF
更新された検証済みの合格させるCIPP-C試験リアル問題と解答があります
質問 46
What is the key difference between the European Council and the Council of the European Union?
- A. The Council of the European Union has a degree of legislative power.
- B. The European Council is comprised of the heads of each EU member state.
- C. The European Council focuses primarily on issues involving human rights.
- D. The Council of the European Union is helmed by a president.
正解: B
質問 47
Which aspect of the GDPR will likely have the most impact on the consistent implementation of data protection laws throughout the Canda?
- A. That it takes the form of a Regulation as opposed to a Directive
- B. That it makes notification of large-scale data breaches mandatory
- C. That it makes appointment of a data protection officer mandatory
- D. That it essentially functions as a one-stop shop mechanism
正解: C
質問 48
SCENARIO
Please use the following to answer the next question:
You have just been hired by a toy manufacturer based in Hong Kong. The company sells a broad range of dolls, action figures and plush toys that can be found internationally in a wide variety of retail stores. Although the manufacturer has no offices outside Hong Kong and in fact does not employ any staff outside Hong Kong, it has entered into a number of local distribution contracts. The toys produced by the company can be found in all popular toy stores throughout Europe, the United States and Asia. A large portion of the company's revenue is due to international sales.
The company now wishes to launch a new range of connected toys, ones that can talk and interact with children. The CEO of the company is touting these toys as the next big thing, due to the increased possibilities offered: The figures can answer children's Questions: on various subjects, such as mathematical calculations or the weather. Each figure is equipped with a microphone and speaker and can connect to any smartphone or tablet via Bluetooth. Any mobile device within a 10-meter radius can connect to the toys via Bluetooth as well.
The figures can also be associated with other figures (from the same manufacturer) and interact with each other for an enhanced play experience.
When a child asks the toy a QUESTION, the request is sent to the cloud for analysis, and the answer is generated on cloud servers and sent back to the figure. The answer is given through the figure's integrated speakers, making it appear as though that the toy is actually responding to the child's QUESTION. The packaging of the toy does not provide technical details on how this works, nor does it mention that this feature requires an internet connection. The necessary data processing for this has been outsourced to a data center located in South Africa. However, your company has not yet revised its consumer-facing privacy policy to indicate this.
In parallel, the company is planning to introduce a new range of game systems through which consumers can play the characters they acquire in the course of playing the game. The system will come bundled with a portal that includes a Near-Field Communications (NFC) reader. This device will read an RFID tag in the action figure, making the figure come to life onscreen. Each character has its own stock features and abilities, but it is also possible to earn additional ones by accomplishing game goals. The only information stored in the tag relates to the figures' abilities. It is easy to switch characters during the game, and it is possible to bring the figure to locations outside of the home and have the character's abilities remain intact.
In light of the requirements of Article 32 of the GDPR (related to the Security of Processing), which practice should the company institute?
- A. Insert contractual clauses into the contract between the toy manufacturer and the cloud service provider, since South Africa is outside the European Union.
- B. Encrypt the data in transit over the wireless Bluetooth connection.
- C. Include dual-factor authentication before each use by a child in order to ensure a minimum amount of security.
- D. Include three-factor authentication before each use by a child in order to ensure the best level of security possible.
正解: B
質問 49
Which is TRUE about the scope and authority of data protection oversight authorities?
- A. The Office of the Privacy Commissioner (OPC) of Canada has the right to impose financial sanctions on violators
- B. No one agency officially oversees the enforcement of privacy regulations in the United States
- C. The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Privacy Frameworks require all member nations to designate a national data protection authority
- D. All authority in the European Union rests with the Data Protection Commission (DPC)
正解: A
質問 50
SCENARIO
Tom looked forward to starting his new position with a U.S -based automobile leasing company (New Company), now operating in 32 states. New Company was recently formed through the merger of two prominent players, one from the eastern region (East Company) and one from the western region (West Company). Tom, a Certified Information Privacy Technologist (CIPT), is New Company's first Information Privacy and Security Officer. He met today with Dick from East Company, and Harry, from West Company.
Dick and Harry are veteran senior information privacy and security professionals at their respective companies, and continue to lead the east and west divisions of New Company. The purpose of the meeting was to conduct a SWOT (strengths/weaknesses/opportunities/threats) analysis for New Company. Their SWOT analysis conclusions are summarized below.
Dick was enthusiastic about an opportunity for the New Company to reduce costs and increase computing power and flexibility through cloud services. East Company had been contemplating moving to the cloud, but West Company already had a vendor that was providing it with software-as-a-service (SaaS). Dick was looking forward to extending this service to the eastern region. Harry noted that this was a threat as well, because West Company had to rely on the third party to protect its data.
Tom mentioned that neither of the legacy companies had sufficient data storage space to meet the projected growth of New Company, which he saw as a weakness. Tom stated that one of the team's first projects would be to construct a consolidated New Company data warehouse. Tom would personally lead this project and would be held accountable if information was modified during transmission to or during storage in the new data warehouse.
Tom, Dick and Harry agreed that employee network access could be considered both a strength and a weakness. East Company and West Company had strong performance records in this regard; both had robust network access controls that were working as designed. However, during a projected year-long transition period, New Company employees would need to be able to connect to a New Company network while retaining access to the East Company and West Company networks.
When employees are working remotely, they usually connect to a Wi-Fi network. What should Harry advise for maintaining company security in this situation?
- A. Retaining the password assigned by the network.
- B. Using tokens sent through HTTP sites to verify user identity.
- C. Employing Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption.
- D. Hiding wireless service set identifiers (SSID).
正解: D
質問 51
SCENARIO
Please use the following to answer the next question:
The fitness company Vigotron has recently developed a new app called M-Health, which it wants to market on its website as a free download. Vigotron's marketing manager asks his assistant Emily to create a webpage that describes the app and specifies the terms of use. Emily, who is new at Vigotron, is excited about this task.
At her previous job she took a data protection class, and though the details are a little hazy, she recognizes that Vigotron is going to need to obtain user consent for use of the app in some cases. Emily sketches out the following draft, trying to cover as much as possible before sending it to Vigotron's legal department.
Registration Form
Vigotron's new M-Health app makes it easy for you to monitor a variety of health-related activities, including diet, exercise, and sleep patterns. M-Health relies on your smartphone settings (along with other third-party apps you may already have) to collect data about all of these important lifestyle elements, and provide the information necessary for you to enrich your quality of life. (Please click here to read a full description of the services that M-Health provides.) Vigotron values your privacy. The M-Heaith app allows you to decide which information is stored in it, and which apps can access your data. When your device is locked with a passcode, all of your health and fitness data is encrypted with your passcode. You can back up data stored in the Health app to Vigotron's cloud provider, Stratculous. (Read more about Stratculous here.) Vigotron will never trade, rent or sell personal information gathered from the M-Health app. Furthermore, we will not provide a customer's name, email address or any other information gathered from the app to any third- party without a customer's consent, unless ordered by a court, directed by a subpoena, or to enforce the manufacturer's legal rights or protect its business or property.
We are happy to offer the M-Health app free of charge. If you want to download and use it, we ask that you first complete this registration form. (Please note that use of the M-Health app is restricted to adults aged 16 or older, unless parental consent has been given to minors intending to use it.)
* First name:
* Surname:
* Year of birth:
* Email:
* Physical Address (optional*):
* Health status:
*If you are interested in receiving newsletters about our products and services that we think may be of interest to you, please include your physical address. If you decide later that you do not wish to receive these newsletters, you can unsubscribe by sending an email to [email protected] or send a letter with your request to the address listed at the bottom of this page.
Terms and Conditions
1.Jurisdiction. [...]
2.Applicable law. [...]
3.Limitation of liability. [...]
Consent
By completing this registration form, you attest that you are at least 16 years of age, and that you consent to the processing of your personal data by Vigotron for the purpose of using the M-Health app. Although you are entitled to opt out of any advertising or marketing, you agree that Vigotron may contact you or provide you with any required notices, agreements, or other information concerning the services by email or other electronic means. You also agree that the Company may send automated emails with alerts regarding any problems with the M-Health app that may affect your well being.
Emily sends the draft to Sam for review. Which of the following is Sam most likely to point out as the biggest problem with Emily's consent provision?
- A. It is not legal to include fields requiring information regarding health status without consent.
- B. Direct marketing requires explicit consent, whereas the registration form only provides for a right to object
- C. Processing health data requires explicit consent, but the form does not ask for explicit consent.
- D. The provision of the fitness app should be made conditional on the consent to the data processing for direct marketing.
正解: B
質問 52
SCENARIO
Please use the following to answer the next question:
Liem, an online retailer known for its environmentally friendly shoes, has recently expanded its presence in Europe. Anxious to achieve market dominance, Liem teamed up with another eco friendly company, EcoMick, which sells accessories like belts and bags. Together the companies drew up a series of marketing campaigns designed to highlight the environmental and economic benefits of their products. After months of planning, Liem and EcoMick entered into a data sharing agreement to use the same marketing database, MarketIQ, to send the campaigns to their respective contacts.
Liem and EcoMick also entered into a data processing agreement with MarketIQ, the terms of which included processing personal data only upon Liem and EcoMick's instructions, and making available to them all information necessary to demonstrate compliance with GDPR obligations.
Liem and EcoMick then procured the services of a company called JaphSoft, a marketing optimization firm that uses machine learning to help companies run successful campaigns. Clients provide JaphSoft with the personal data of individuals they would like to be targeted in each campaign. To ensure protection of its clients' data, JaphSoft implements the technical and organizational measures it deems appropriate. JaphSoft works to continually improve its machine learning models by analyzing the data it receives from its clients to determine the most successful components of a successful campaign. JaphSoft then uses such models in providing services to its client-base. Since the models improve only over a period of time as more information is collected, JaphSoft does not have a deletion process for the data it receives from clients. However, to ensure compliance with data privacy rules, JaphSoft pseudonymizes the personal data by removing identifying information from the contact information. JaphSoft's engineers, however, maintain all contact information in the same database as the identifying information.
Under its agreement with Liem and EcoMick, JaphSoft received access to MarketIQ, which included contact information as well as prior purchase history for such contacts, to create campaigns that would result in the most views of the two companies' websites. A prior Liem customer, Ms. Iman, received a marketing campaign from JaphSoft regarding Liem's as well as EcoMick's latest products. While Ms. Iman recalls checking a box to receive information in the future regarding Liem's products, she has never shopped EcoMick, nor provided her personal data to that company.
For what reason would JaphSoft be considered a controller under the GDPR?
- A. It determines how long to retain the personal data collected.
- B. It uses personal data to improve its products and services for its client-base through machine learning.
- C. It makes decisions regarding the technical and organizational measures necessary to protect the personal data.
- D. It has been provided access to personal data in the MarketIQ database.
正解: C
質問 53
In which case would a controller who has undertaken a DPIA most likely need to consult with a supervisory authority?
- A. Where the DPIA identifies high risks to individuals' rights and freedoms that the controller can take steps to reduce.
- B. Where the DPIA identifies that personal data needs to be transferred to other countries outside of the EEA.
- C. Where the DPIA identifies that the processing being proposed collects the sensitive data of EU citizens.
- D. Where the DPIA identifies risks that will require insurance for protecting its business interests.
正解: A
質問 54
Which of the following does NOT have to be included in the records most processors must maintain in relation to their data processing activities?
- A. Details of transfers of personal data to a third country carried out on behalf of each controller for which the processor is acting.
- B. Categories of processing carried out on behalf of each controller for which the processor is acting.
- C. Details of any data protection impact assessment conducted in relation to any processing activities carried out by the processor on behalf of each controller for which the processor is acting.
- D. Name and contact details of each controller on behalf of which the processor is acting.
正解: A
質問 55
SCENARIO
Please use the following to answer the next question:
Dynaroux Fashion ('Dynaroux') is a successful international online clothing retailer that employs approximately 650 people at its headquarters based in Dublin, Ireland. Ronan is their recently appointed data protection officer, who oversees the company's compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and other privacy legislation.
The company offers both male and female clothing lines across all age demographics, including children. In doing so, the company processes large amounts of information about such customers, including preferences and sensitive financial information such as credit card and bank account numbers.
In an aggressive bid to build revenue growth, Jonas, the CEO, tells Ronan that the company is launching a new mobile app and loyalty scheme that puts significant emphasis on profiling the company's customers by analyzing their purchases. Ronan tells the CEO that: (a) the potential risks of such activities means that Dynaroux needs to carry out a data protection impact assessment to assess this new venture and its privacy implications; and (b) where the results of this assessment indicate a high risk in the absence of appropriate protection measures, Dynaroux may have to undertake a prior consultation with the Irish Data Protection Commissioner before implementing the app and loyalty scheme.
Jonas tells Ronan that he is not happy about the prospect of having to directly engage with a supervisory authority and having to disclose details of Dynaroux's business plan and associated processing activities.
Which of the following facts about Dynaroux would trigger a data protection impact assessment under the GDPR?
- A. The company will be undertaking processing activities involving sensitive data categories such as financial and children's data.
- B. The company plans to undertake profiling of its customers through analysis of their purchasing patterns.
- C. The company employs approximately 650 people and will therefore be carrying out extensive processing activities.
- D. The company intends to shift their business model to rely more heavily on online shopping.
正解: B
質問 56
The GDPR specifies fines that may be levied against data controllers for certain infringements. Which of the following infringements would be subject to the less severe administrative fine of up to 10 million euros (or in the case of an undertaking, up to 2% of the total worldwide annual turnover of the preceding financial year)?
- A. Failure to demonstrate that consent was given by the data subject to the processing of their personal data where it is used as the basis for processing.
- B. Failure to implement technical and organizational measures to ensure data protection is enshrined by design and default.
- C. Failure to provide the means for a data subject to rectify inaccuracies in personal data.
- D. Failure to process personal information in a manner compatible with its original purpose.
正解: C
質問 57
What practice does the USA FREEDOM Act NOT authorize?
- A. The bulk collection of telephone data and internet metadata
- B. An increase in the maximum penalty for material support to terrorism
- C. An extension of the expiration for roving wiretaps
- D. Emergency exceptions that allows the government to target roamers
正解: D
質問 58
A key component of the OECD Guidelines is the "Individual Participation Principle". What parts of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provide the closest equivalent to that principle?
- A. The rights granted to data subjects under Articles 12 to 22
- B. The lawful processing criteria stipulated by Articles 6 to 9
- C. The information requirements set out in Articles 13 and 14
- D. The breach notification requirements specified in Articles 33 and 34
正解: A
質問 59
Under what circumstances would the GDPR apply to personal data that exists in physical form, such as information contained in notebooks or hard copy files?
- A. Only where the personal data is produced as a physical output of specific automated processing activities, such as printing, labelling, or stamping.
- B. Only where the personal data is treated by automated means in some way, such as computerized distribution or filing.
- C. Only where the personal data is handled in a sufficiently structured manner so as to form part of a filing system.
- D. Only where the personal data is to be subjected to specific computerized processing, such as image scanning or optical character recognition.
正解: C
質問 60
SCENARIO
Please use the following to answer the next question:
Due to rapidly expanding workforce, Company A has decided to outsource its payroll function to Company B.
Company B is an established payroll service provider with a sizable client base and a solid reputation in the industry.
Company B's payroll solution for Company A relies on the collection of time and attendance data obtained via a biometric entry system installed in each of Company A's factories. Company B won't hold any biometric data itself, but the related data will be uploaded to Company B's UK servers and used to provide the payroll service. Company B's live systems will contain the following information for each of Company A's employees:
* Name
* Address
* Date of Birth
* Payroll number
* National Insurance number
* Sick pay entitlement
* Maternity/paternity pay entitlement
* Holiday entitlement
* Pension and benefits contributions
* Trade union contributions
Jenny is the compliance officer at Company A. She first considers whether Company A needs to carry out a data protection impact assessment in relation to the new time and attendance system, but isn't sure whether or not this is required.
Jenny does know, however, that under the GDPR there must be a formal written agreement requiring Company B to use the time and attendance data only for the purpose of providing the payroll service, and to apply appropriate technical and organizational security measures for safeguarding the data. Jenny suggests that Company B obtain advice from its data protection officer. The company doesn't have a DPO but agrees, in the interest of finalizing the contract, to sign up for the provisions in full. Company A enters into the contract.
Weeks later, while still under contract with Company A, Company B embarks upon a separate project meant to enhance the functionality of its payroll service, and engages Company C to help. Company C agrees to extract all personal data from Company B's live systems in order to create a new database for Company B.
This database will be stored in a test environment hosted on Company C's U.S. server. The two companies agree not to include any data processing provisions in their services agreement, as data is only being used for IT testing purposes.
Unfortunately, Company C's U.S. server is only protected by an outdated IT security system, and suffers a cyber security incident soon after Company C begins work on the project. As a result, data relating to Company A's employees is visible to anyone visiting Company C's website. Company A is unaware of this until Jenny receives a letter from the supervisory authority in connection with the investigation that ensues. As soon as Jenny is made aware of the breach, she notifies all affected employees.
Under the GDPR, which of Company B's actions would NOT be likely to trigger a potential enforcement action?
- A. Their engagement of Company C to improve their payroll service.
- B. Their omission of data protection provisions in their contract with Company C.
- C. Their decision to operate without a data protection officer.
- D. Their failure to provide sufficient security safeguards to Company A's data.
正解: A
質問 61
WP29's "Guidelines on Personal data breach notification under Regulation 2016/679'' provides examples of ways to communicate data breaches transparently. Which of the following was listed as a method that would NOT be effective for communicating a breach to data subjects?
- A. A prominent advertisement in print media
- B. A direct electronic message
- C. A notice on a corporate blog
- D. A postal notification
正解: C
質問 62
Article 5(1)(b) of the GDPR states that personal data must be "collected for specified, explicit and legitimate purposes and not further processed in a way incompatible with those purposes." Based on Article 5(1)(b), what is the impact of a member state's interpretation of the word "incompatible"?
- A. It guides the courts on the severity of the consequences for those who are convicted of the intentional misuse of personal data.
- B. It sets the standard for the level of detail a controller must record when documenting the purpose for collecting personal data.
- C. It dictates the level of security a processor must follow when using and storing personal data for two different purposes.
- D. It indicates the degree of flexibility a controller has in using personal data in ways that may vary from its original intended purpose.
正解: C
質問 63
Which of the following indicates you have developed the right privacy framework for your organization?
- A. It includes a privacy assessment of each major system
- B. It identifies all key stakeholders by name
- C. It works at a different type of organization
- D. It improves the consistency of the privacy program
正解: A
質問 64
Which of the following is NOT recognized as being a common characteristic of cloud-computing services?
- A. The supplier determines the location, security measures, and service standards applicable to the processing.
- B. The supplier allows customer data to be transferred around the infrastructure according to capacity.
- C. The supplier assumes the vendor's business risk associated with data processed by the supplier.
- D. The service's infrastructure is shared among the supplier's customers and can be located in a number of countries.
正解: C
質問 65
What was the aim of the European Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?
- A. To harmonize the implementation of the European Convention of Human Rights across all member states.
- B. To implement the OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and trans-border flows of Personal Data.
- C. To completely prevent the transfer of personal data out of the European Union.
- D. To further reconcile the protection of the fundamental rights of individuals with the free flow of data from one member state to another.
正解: B
質問 66
SCENARIO
Please use the following to answer the next question:
Joe is the new privacy manager for Who-R-U, a Canadian business that provides DNA analysis. The company is headquartered in Montreal, and all of its employees are located there. The company offers its services to Canadians only: Its website is in English and French, it accepts only Canadian currency, and it blocks internet traffic from outside of Canada (although this solution doesn't prevent all non-Canadian traffic). It also declines to process orders that request the DNA report to be sent outside of Canada, and returns orders that show a non-Canadian return address.
Bob, the President of Who-R-U, thinks there is a lot of interest for the product in the EU, and the company is exploring a number of plans to expand its customer base.
The first plan, collegially called We-Track-U, will use an app to collect information about its current Canadian customer base. The expansion will allow its Canadian customers to use the app while traveling abroad. He suggests that the company use this app to gather location information. If the plan shows promise, Bob proposes to use push notifications and text messages to encourage existing customers to pre-register for an EU version of the service. Bob calls this work plan, We-Text-U. Once the company has gathered enough pre- registrations, it will develop EU-specific content and services.
Another plan is called Customer for Life. The idea is to offer additional services through the company's app, like storage and sharing of DNA information with other applications and medical providers. The company's contract says that it can keep customer DNA indefinitely, and use it to offer new services and market them to customers. It also says that customers agree not to withdraw direct marketing consent. Paul, the marketing director, suggests that the company should fully exploit these provisions, and that it can work around customers' attempts to withdraw consent because the contract invalidates them.
The final plan is to develop a brand presence in the EU. The company has already begun this process. It is in the process of purchasing the naming rights for a building in Germany, which would come with a few offices that Who-R-U executives can use while traveling internationally. The office doesn't include any technology or infrastructure; rather, it's simply a room with a desk and some chairs.
On a recent trip concerning the naming-rights deal, Bob's laptop is stolen. The laptop held unencrypted DNA reports on 5,000 Who-R-U customers, all of whom are residents of Canada. The reports include customer name, birthdate, ethnicity, racial background, names of relatives, gender, and occasionally health information.
Who-R-U is NOT required to notify the local German DPA about the laptop theft because?
- A. There is no evidence that the thieves have accessed the data on the laptop.
- B. The company isn't a controller established in the Union.
- C. The laptop belonged to a company located in Canada.
- D. The data isn't considered personally identifiable financial information.
正解: B
質問 67
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