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質問 # 22
What is presented as "striking a balance between positive and negative outcomes resulting from the realization of either opportunities or threats?
- A. Agile development
- B. Transition Management
- C. Risk Management
- D. Architecture Security
正解：C
解説：
Risk Management is the process of identifying, assessing, and responding to risks that may affect the achievement of the enterprise's objectives. Risk Management involves balancing positive and negative outcomes resulting from the realization of either opportunities or threats. Reference: The TOGAF Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.3.3 Risk Management.
質問 # 23
Consider the following descriptions of deliverables consumed and produced across the TOGAF ADM cycle.
1-General rules and guidelines, intended to be enduring and seldom
amended, that inform and support the way in which an organization sets
about fulfilling its mission
1-The joint agreements between development partners and sponsors on the deliverables, quality, and fitness-for-purpose of an architecture.
1-A document that is sent from the sponsoring organization to the
architecture organization to trigger the start of an architecture
development cycle
1-A set of quantitative statements that outline what an implementation
project must do in order to comply with the architecture.
Which deliverables match these descriptions?
- A. 1 Architecture Contracts - 2 Architecture Requirements Specification - 3 Architecture Vision - 4 Architecture Principles
- B. 1 Architecture Requirements Specification -2 Architecture Principles - 3 Architecture Vision - 4 Architecture Contracts
- C. 1 Architecture Principles -2 Architecture Contracts - 3 Request for Architecture Work - 4 Architecture Requirements Specification
- D. 1 Architecture Principles -2 Architecture Contracts - 3 Architecture Requirements Specification-4 Request for Architecture Work
正解：C
解説：
According to the TOGAF standard, the deliverables that match the descriptions are as follows:
* 1 Architecture Principles: These are general rules and guidelines, intended to be enduring and seldom amended, that inform and support the way in which an organization sets about fulfilling its mission1. They reflect a level of consensus among the various elements of the enterprise, and form the basis for making future IT decisions1.
* 2 Architecture Contracts: These are the joint agreements between development partners and sponsors on the deliverables, quality, and fitness-for-purpose of an architecture2. They are used to ensure that the architecture is implemented and governed according to the agreed-upon specifications and standards2.
* 3 Request for Architecture Work: This is a document that is sent from the sponsoring organization to the architecture organization to trigger the start of an architecture development cycle3. It defines the scope, schedule, budget, deliverables, and stakeholders of the architecture project3.
* 4 Architecture Requirements Specification: This is a set of quantitative statements that outline what an implementation project must do in order to comply with the architecture4. It defines the requirements for each architecture domain, as well as the relationships and dependencies among them4.
質問 # 24
What can architects present to stakeholders to extract hidden agendas, principles, and requirements that could impact the final Target Architecture?
- A. Alternatives and Trade-offs
- B. Solutions and Applications
- C. Architecture Views and Architecture Viewpoints
- D. Business Scenarios and Business Models
正解：C
解説：
According to the TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, an architecture view is a representation of a system from the perspective of a related set of concerns1. It consists of one or more architecture models that demonstrate how the system addresses the stakeholder concerns1.
An architecture viewpoint is a specification of the conventions for constructing and using an architecture view to address specific stakeholder concerns1. It defines the perspective, scope, notation, and techniques for creating an architecture view of a system1.
Architects can present architecture views and viewpoints to stakeholders to extract hidden agendas, principles, and requirements that could impact the final Target Architecture, because23:
Architecture views and viewpoints help to communicate and visualize the architecture in a way that is meaningful and relevant to different stakeholders, addressing their specific interests and needs.
Architecture views and viewpoints help to elicit and validate the stakeholder concerns and requirements, ensuring that they are aligned with the business goals and objectives, and that they are consistent and feasible within the architecture context.
Architecture views and viewpoints help to identify and resolve any conflicts, gaps, or trade-offs among the stakeholder concerns and requirements, ensuring that they are balanced and prioritized in the architecture design and decision-making.
Architecture views and viewpoints help to demonstrate and verify the value and benefits of the architecture to the stakeholders, ensuring that they are satisfied and committed to the architecture outcome and governance.
Reference:
1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 22: Architecture Views, Viewpoints, and Stakeholders
2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 4: Introduction to Part II, Section 4.2: What is an Architecture Framework?
3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 31: Architectural Artifacts, Section 31.1: Basic Concepts
質問 # 25
Which section of the TOGAF template for Architecture Principles should highlight the business benefits of adhering to the principle?
- A. Statement
- B. Name
- C. Implications
- D. Rationale
正解：D
解説：
According to the TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, the rationale section of the architecture principles template should highlight the business benefits of adhering to the principle, as well as the business risks of not adhering to it 1. The rationale section should explain the reasoning behind the principle, and provide evidence or arguments to support it. The rationale section should also link the principle to the business drivers, goals, and objectives of the enterprise, and show how the principle contributes to the value and success of the enterprise. The other options are not correct, as they have different purposes in the architecture principles template. The name section should provide a short and memorable name for the principle, such as "Information is an Asset" or "Business Continuity" 1. The statement section should provide a concise and formal statement of the principle, such as "The enterprise's information is recognized as a core asset, and is managed accordingly" or "The enterprise's ability to provide critical services and products must be maintained in the event of a disaster" 1. The implications section should identify the impact of the principle on the enterprise, such as the changes, costs, benefits, and risks that may result from applying or violating the principle 1. Reference: 1: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 23: Architecture Principles, Section 23.3 Developing Architecture Principles.
質問 # 26
Complete the sentence The purpose of the Preliminary Phase is to_____________.
- A. describe the target architecture
- B. architect an Enterprise Architecture Capability
- C. identify the stakeholders and their requirements
- D. define the enterprise strategy
正解：B
解説：
The purpose of the Preliminary Phase is to architect an Enterprise Architecture Capability that meets the needs and expectations of the enterprise's stakeholders and supports and enables subsequent phases of architecture development and transition. This phase involves defining the scope, principles, framework, and governance for the Enterprise Architecture Capability. Reference: The TOGAF Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.2 Preliminary Phase.
質問 # 27
According to the TOGAF standard, what term describes an individual with an interest in a system?
- A. lead architect
- B. sponsor
- C. stakeholder
- D. consumer
正解：C
解説：
According to the TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, a stakeholder is "an individual with an interest in a system" 1. A stakeholder can be anyone who is affected by the system, or who can influence or be influenced by the system. Stakeholders can have different roles, perspectives, and concerns regarding the system, and they can be internal or external to the organization. Stakeholder management is a technique that helps to identify, analyze, and engage the stakeholders of an architecture project, and to address their needs and expectations 2. The other options are not correct, as they are not the term used by the TOGAF Standard to describe an individual with an interest in a system. A consumer is "an individual or group that uses a product or service" 1. A lead architect is "an individual who is responsible for leading the development of an architecture" 1. A sponsor is "an individual who provides funding and support for an architecture project" 1. Reference: 1: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part I: Introduction, Chapter 3: Definitions. 2: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 24: Stakeholder Management.
質問 # 28
Complete the sentence A set of architecture principles that cover every situation perceived meets the recommended criteria of_______________
- A. consistency
- B. stability
- C. robustness
- D. completeness
正解：D
解説：
A set of architecture principles that cover every situation perceived meets the recommended criteria of completeness. Completeness is one of the six criteria that should be applied when developing or assessing architecture principles. Completeness means that there are no gaps or overlaps in the coverage of principles across all relevant aspects of the enterprise's architecture. Reference: The TOGAF Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.3.7 Architecture Principles.
質問 # 29
In which phase(s) of the ADM would you deal with the actions resulting from a transformation readiness assessment?
- A. Phase A
- B. Phase F
- C. Phase E and F
- D. Phase G
正解：C
解説：
According to the TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, a transformation readiness assessment is a technique that evaluates the preparedness of the organization to undergo a change, and identifies the actions needed to increase the likelihood of a successful outcome. A transformation readiness assessment can be conducted in Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions, and the actions resulting from it can be dealt with in Phase F: Migration Planning 1. In Phase E, the transformation readiness assessment can help to identify the major implementation challenges and risks, and to define the critical success factors and key performance indicators for the architecture project. In Phase F, the actions resulting from the transformation readiness assessment can help to develop a detailed and realistic migration plan, and to address the gaps, issues, and dependencies that may affect the transition to the target architecture 1. Reference: 1: TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 29: Business Transformation Readiness Assessment.
質問 # 30
What should be put in place through organization structures, roles, responsibilities, skills and processes to carry out architectural activity effectively?
- A. An EA Capability
- B. An Enterprise Architecture
- C. An EA repository
- D. An EA framework
正解：A
解説：
An EA Capability is the ability of an organization to perform enterprise architecture effectively and efficiently. It involves establishing and maintaining the appropriate organization structures, roles, responsibilities, skills, processes, tools, and governance mechanisms to support the development and use of enterprise architecture. An EA Capability enables the organization to align its business and IT strategies, deliver value from its investments, manage change and complexity, and improve its performance and agility12 Reference: 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 44: Introduction 2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 45: Establishing and Maintaining an Enterprise Architecture Capability
質問 # 31
Which section of the TOGAF template for Architecture Principles should describe the relationship to other principles?
- A. Statement
- B. Name
- C. Implications
- D. Rationale
正解：D
解説：
According to the TOGAF template for Architecture Principles, the Rationale section should describe the relationship to other principles, as well as the business benefits and the intentions of adhering to the principle. The Rationale section should use business terminology and point to the similarity of information and technology principles to the principles governing business operations. The Rationale section should also explain how the principle supports the achievement of the business objectives and key architecture drivers. Reference:
* Architecture Principles Template
* The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architecture Principles
* The Open Group Exam OGEA-103 Topic 1 Question 4 Discussion
質問 # 32
Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Gap Analysis technique?
- A. To allocate resources for architecture projects
- B. To identify items omitted from the Target Architecture
- C. To govern the architecture throughout its implementation process
- D. To develop a set of general rules and guidelines for the architecture
正解：B
解説：
The purpose of the Gap Analysis technique is similar to the previous question, but with a focus on the Target Architecture. The technique helps to identify the items that are not included or specified in the Target Architecture, such as capabilities, services, components, standards, or technologies. These items may be essential for achieving the vision and goals of the enterprise, or for addressing the stakeholder concerns and requirements. By identifying the items omitted from the Target Architecture, the technique helps to ensure that the architecture is comprehensive, feasible, and realistic.
質問 # 33
Exhibit
Consider the illustration showing an architecture development cycle Which description matches the phase of the ADM labeled as item 1?
- A. Establishes procedures for managing change to the new architecture
- B. Operates the process of managing architecture requirements
- C. Provides architectural oversight for the implementation
- D. Conducts implementation planning for the architecture defined in previous phases
正解：B
解説：
The illustration shows an architecture development cycle based on the TOGAF ADM (Architecture Development Method), which is a method for developing and managing an enterprise architecture1.
The ADM consists of nine phases, each with a specific purpose and output. The phases are1:
Preliminary Phase: To prepare and initiate the architecture development cycle, including defining the architecture framework, principles, and governance.
Phase A: Architecture Vision: To define the scope, vision, and stakeholders of the architecture initiative, and to obtain approval to proceed.
Phase B: Business Architecture: To describe the baseline and target business architecture, and to identify the gaps between them.
Phase C: Information Systems Architectures: To describe the baseline and target data and application architectures, and to identify the gaps between them.
Phase D: Technology Architecture: To describe the baseline and target technology architecture, and to identify the gaps between them.
Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions: To identify and evaluate the opportunities and solutions for implementing the target architecture, and to define the work packages and transition architectures.
Phase F: Migration Planning: To finalize the implementation and migration plan, and to ensure alignment with the enterprise portfolio and project management.
Phase G: Implementation Governance: To provide architecture oversight and guidance for the implementation projects, and to manage any architecture change requests.
Phase H: Architecture Change Management: To monitor the changes in the business and technology environment, and to assess the impact and performance of the architecture.
In addition to these phases, there is a central process called Requirements Management, which is labeled as item 1 in the illustration. This process operates throughout the ADM cycle, and its purpose is to manage the architecture requirements throughout the architecture development, ensuring that they are aligned with the business requirements and the stakeholder concerns2.
Therefore, the description that matches the phase of the ADM labeled as item 1 is C. Operates the process of managing architecture requirements.
Reference:
1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 5: Architecture Development Method (ADM)
2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 17: Requirements Management
質問 # 34
When considering the scope of an architecture, what dimension considers to what level of detail the architecting effort should go?
- A. Architecture Domains
- B. Breadth
- C. Depth
- D. Project
正解：C
解説：
The scope of an architecture is the extent and level of detail of the architecture work. The scope of an architecture can be defined along four dimensions: project, breadth, depth, and architecture domains. The project dimension considers the boundaries and objectives of the architecture project, such as the time frame, budget, resources, and deliverables. The breadth dimension considers the coverage and completeness of the architecture across the enterprise, such as the organizational units, business functions, processes, and locations. The depth dimension considers the level of detail and specificity of the architecture, such as the granularity, abstraction, and precision of the architectural elements and relationships. The architecture domains dimension considers the aspects or segments of the architecture, such as the business, data, application, and technology domains.
Therefore, the depth dimension is the one that considers to what level of detail the architecting effort should go.
質問 # 35
Consider the following statement:
Separate projects may operate their own ADM cycles concurrently, with relationships between the different projects What does it illustrate?
- A. Requirements management
- B. Enterprise Architecture
- C. Implementation governance
- D. Iteration
正解：D
解説：
The statement illustrates iteration and the ADM. Iteration is the technique of repeating a process or a phase with the aim of improving or refining the outcome. Iteration allows for feedback loops and adaptations at any point in the architecture development and transition process. Separate projects may operate their own ADM cycles concurrently, with relationships between the different projects, to address different aspects or levels of the architecture in an iterative manner. Reference: The TOGAF Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.1 Introduction to the ADM.
質問 # 36
Complete the sentence A business scenario describes______________
- A. business and technology environment in which those problems occur
- B. general rules and guidelines tor the architecture being developed
- C. business domain gaps such as cross-training requirements
- D. shortfalls between the Baseline and Target Architectures
正解：A
解説：
A business scenario describes business and technology environment in which those problems occur. It provides a realistic context for identifying and addressing business problems and opportunities, as well as their impact on the enterprise's architecture. Reference: The TOGAF Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.3.1 Business Scenarios.
質問 # 37
Which of the following does the TOGAF standard describe as a package of functionality defined to meet business needs across an organization?
- A. A solution architecture
- B. A deliverable
- C. An application
- D. A building block
正解：D
質問 # 38
Which of the following is the ability to develop use and sustain the architecture of a particular enterprise using architecture to govern change?
- A. An EA Capability
- B. An Enterprise Architecture
- C. An EA repository
- D. An EA framework
正解：A
解説：
The ability to develop, use, and sustain the architecture of a particular enterprise using architecture to govern change is an EA Capability. An EA Capability is a set of skills, processes, roles, responsibilities, tools, and techniques that enable an enterprise to successfully develop and maintain its Enterprise Architecture and achieve its desired outcomes. An EA Capability is part of an enterprise's overall capability portfolio and should be aligned with its strategy and objectives. Reference: The TOGAF Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.2 Preliminary Phase.
質問 # 39
Complete the following sentence:
Presenting different_________and_________to stakeholders helps architects to extract hidden agendas principles and requirements that could impact the final Target Architecture
- A. Alternatives Trade-offs
- B. Business Scenarios Business Models
- C. Solutions Applications
- D. Architecture Views Architecture Viewpoints
正解：D
解説：
According to the TOGAF Standard, an architecture view is a representation of a system from the perspective of a related set of concerns1. An architecture viewpoint is a specification of the conventions for a particular kind of architecture view1. Presenting different architecture views and architecture viewpoints to stakeholders helps architects to extract hidden agendas, principles, and requirements that could impact the final target architecture. This is because different stakeholders may have different concerns and interests in the system, and by showing them how the system addresses their concerns from different perspectives, the architects can elicit more feedback and validation from them2. For example, a business stakeholder may be interested in the business architecture view, which focuses on the business processes, functions, and capabilities of the system3. A security stakeholder may be interested in the enterprise security view, which addresses the security aspects of the system, such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability3. By presenting these views to the respective stakeholders, the architects can ensure that the system meets their expectations and needs, and also identify any potential issues or gaps that may affect the target architecture. Reference: 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architectural Artifacts - The Open Group1; 2: Understanding TOGAF Views and Viewpoints in Enterprise Architecture2; 3: Developing Architecture Views - The Open Group4
質問 # 40
Which of the following describes how the Enterprise Continuum is used when developing an enterprise architecture?
- A. To coordinate with the other management frameworks in use
- B. To identify and understand business requirements
- C. To classify architecture and solution assets
- D. To describe how an architecture addresses stakeholder concerns
正解：C
解説：
The Enterprise Continuum consists of two complementary concepts: the Architecture Continuum and the Solutions Continuum1. The Architecture Continuum provides a consistent way to describe and understand the generic and reusable architecture building blocks, such as models, patterns, and standards, that can be applied and tailored to specific situations2. The Solutions Continuum provides a consistent way to describe and understand the specific and implemented solution building blocks, such as products, services, and components, that realize the architecture building blocks3. The Enterprise Continuum enables the reuse and integration of architecture and solution assets across different levels of abstraction, scope, and detail, ranging from foundation architectures to organization-specific architectures1.
The Enterprise Continuum is used when developing an enterprise architecture to support the following activities1:
* Selecting relevant architecture and solution assets from the Architecture Repository or other sources, based on the business drivers, goals, and requirements
* Adapting and customizing the architecture and solution assets to suit the specific needs and context of the enterprise
* Defining and developing the target architecture and the architecture roadmap, based on the gaps and opportunities identified between the baseline and the target states
* Defining and developing the implementation and migration plan, based on the architecture roadmap and the solution building blocks
* Governing and managing the architecture and solution assets throughout the architecture lifecycle, ensuring their quality, consistency, and compliance
質問 # 41
Consider the following statement.
Projects may cycle between ADM phases, in planned cycles covering multiple phases.
What does it illustrate?
- A. Requirements management
- B. Enterprise Architecture
- C. Implementation governance
- D. Iteration
正解：D
解説：
The statement "Projects may cycle between ADM phases, in planned cycles covering multiple phases" illustrates the concept of iteration, which is the process of repeating the ADM phases or steps within a phase to refine the architecture outputs and address the changing requirements and stakeholder concerns. Iteration can occur at different levels of granularity and scope, such as within a single phase, across multiple phases, or across the entire ADM cycle. Iteration can also be applied to different architecture domains, such as business, data, application, and technology. Iteration is a key feature of the ADM that enables the development of architectures that are fit for purpose, adaptable, and responsive to change. Reference: : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 24: Applying Iteration to the ADM
質問 # 42
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