合格させる1z0-1122-23試験問題で実際テストエンジンPDFには30問題あります
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質問 # 12
You are working on a project for a healthcare organization that wants to develop a system to predict the severity of patients' illnesses upon admission to a hospital. The goal is to classify patients into three categories - Low Risk, Moderate Risk, and High Risk - based on their medical history and vital signs.
Which type of supervised learning algorithm is required in this scenario?
- A. Clustering
- B. Regression
- C. Multi-Class Classification
- D. Binary Classification
正解：C
解説：
Multi-class classification is a type of supervised learning algorithm that is required in this scenario because the output variable has more than two classes. Multi-class classification is the problem of classifying instances into one of three or more classes. For example, classifying patients into low risk, moderate risk, or high risk based on their medical history and vital signs is a multi-class classification problem because each patient can only belong to one of these three classes. Multi-class classification can be solved by using various algorithms, such as decision trees, random forests, support vector machines (SVMs), k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), naive Bayes, logistic regression, neural networks, etc. Some of these algorithms can naturally handle multi-class problems, while others need to be adapted by using strategies such as one-vs-one or one-vs-rest. Reference: : Multiclass classification - Wikipedia, Multiclass Classification- Explained in Machine Learning
質問 # 13
How is Generative AI different from other AI approaches?
- A. Generative AI generates labeled outputs for training.
- B. Generative AI understands underlying data and creates new examples.
- C. Generative AI is used exclusively for text-based applications.
- D. Generative AI focuses on decision-making and optimization.
正解：B
解説：
Generative AI is a branch of artificial intelligence that focuses on creating new content or data based on the patterns and structure of existing data. Unlike other AI approaches that aim to recognize, classify, or predict data, generative AI aims to generate data that is realistic, diverse, and novel. Generative AI can produce various types of content, such as images, text, audio, video, software code, product designs, and more. Generative AI uses different techniques and models to learn from data and generate new examples, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs), variational autoencoders (VAEs), diffusion models, and foundation models. Generative AI has many applications across different domains and industries, such as art, entertainment, education, healthcare, engineering, marketing, and more. Reference: : Oracle Cloud Infrastructure AI - Generative AI, Generative artificial intelligence - Wikipedia
質問 # 14
Which NVIDIA GPU is offered by Oracle Cloud Infrastructure?
- A. K80
- B. P200
- C. A100
- D. T4
正解：C
解説：
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure offers NVIDIA A100 Tensor Core GPUs as one of the GPU options for its compute instances. The NVIDIA A100 GPU is a powerful and versatile GPU that can accelerate a wide range of AI and HPC workloads. The A100 GPU delivers up to 20x higher performance than the previous generation V100 GPU and supports features such as multi-instance GPU, automatic mixed precision, and sparsity acceleration12. The OCI Compute bare-metal BM.GPU4.8 instance offers eight 40GB NVIDIA A100 GPUs linked via high-speed NVIDIA NVLink direct GPU-to-GPU interconnects3. This instance is ideal for training large language models, computer vision models, and other complex AI tasks. Reference: Accelerated Computing and Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) - NVIDIA, Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Offers New NVIDIA GPU-Accelerated Compute ..., GPU, Virtual Machines and Bare Metal | Oracle
質問 # 15
What is the difference between classification and regression in Supervised Machine Learning?
- A. Classification and regression both assign data points to categories.
- B. Classification and regression both predict continuous values.
- C. Classification assigns data points to categories, whereas regression predicts continuous values.
- D. Classification predicts continuous values, whereas regression assigns data points to categories.
正解：C
解説：
Classification and regression are two subtypes of supervised learning in machine learning. The main difference between them is the type of output variable they deal with. Classification assigns data points to discrete categories based on some criteria or rules. For example, classifying emails into spam or not spam based on their content is a classification problem because the output variable is binary (spam or not spam). Regression predicts continuous values for data points based on their input features. For example, predicting house prices based on their size, location, amenities, etc., is a regression problem because the output variable is continuous (house price). Classification and regression use different types of algorithms and metrics to evaluate their performance. Reference: : Oracle Cloud Infrastructure AI - Machine Learning Concepts, Classification vs Regression in Machine Learning | by ...
質問 # 16
Which type of machine learning is used for already labeled data sets?
- A. Unsupervised earning
- B. Reinforcement learning
- C. Active learning
- D. Supervised learning
正解：D
解説：
Supervised learning is a type of machine learning that uses labeled data sets to train algorithms that can classify data or predict outcomes. Labeled data sets are data sets that have both input features and output labels for each instance. For example, a labeled data set for image classification would have images as input features and the corresponding categories (such as dog, cat, bird, etc.) as output labels. Supervised learning algorithms learn the relationship between the input features and the output labels from the training data set and then use that relationship to make predictions on new or unseen data. Supervised learning can be divided into two subtypes: classification and regression. Classification is the task of assigning discrete categories to data instances, such as spam or not spam for emails. Regression is the task of predicting continuous values for data instances, such as house prices or stock prices. Reference: : Oracle Cloud Infrastructure AI - Machine Learning Concepts, What is Supervised Learning? | IBM
質問 # 17
What role do tokens play in Large Language Models (LLMs)?
- A. They represent the numerical values of model parameters.
- B. They determine the size of the model's memory.
- C. They are used to define the architecture of the model's neural network.
- D. They are Individual units into which a piece of text is divided during processing by the model.
正解：D
解説：
Tokens are the basic units of text representation in large language models. They can be words, subwords, characters, or symbols. Tokens are used to encode the input text into numerical vectors that can be processed by the model's neural network. Tokens also determine the vocabulary size and the maximum sequence length of the model3. Reference: Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 2023 AI Foundations Associate | Oracle University
質問 # 18
What is the primary goal of machine learning?
- A. Enabling computers to learn and improve from experience
- B. Improving computer hardware
- C. Creating algorithms to solve complex problems
- D. Explicitly programming computers
正解：A
解説：
Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that enables computers to learn from data and experience without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning algorithms can adapt to new data and situations and improve their performance over time2. Reference: Artificial Intelligence (AI) | Oracle
質問 # 19
What is the primary purpose of reinforcement learning?
- A. Learning from outcomes to make decisions
- B. Making predictions from labeled data
- C. Identifying patterns in data
- D. Finding relationships within data sets
正解：A
解説：
Reinforcement learning is a type of machine learning that is based on learning from outcomes to make decisions. Reinforcement learning algorithms learn from their own actions and experiences in an environment, rather than from labeled data or explicit feedback. The goal of reinforcement learning is to find an optimal policy that maximizes a cumulative reward over time. A policy is a rule that determines what action to take in each state of the environment. A reward is a feedback signal that indicates how good or bad an action was for achieving a desired objective. Reinforcement learning involves a trial-and-error process of exploring different actions and observing their consequences, and then updating the policy accordingly. Some of the challenges and components of reinforcement learning are:
Exploration vs exploitation: Balancing between trying new actions that might lead to higher rewards in the future (exploration) and choosing known actions that yield immediate rewards (exploitation).
Markov decision process (MDP): A mathematical framework for modeling sequential decision making problems under uncertainty, where the outcomes depend only on the current state and action, not on the previous ones.
Value function: A function that estimates the expected long-term return of each state or state-action pair, based on the current policy.
Q-learning: A popular reinforcement learning algorithm that learns a value function called Q-function, which represents the quality of taking a certain action in a certain state.
Deep reinforcement learning: A branch of reinforcement learning that combines deep neural networks with reinforcement learning algorithms to handle complex and high-dimensional problems, such as playing video games or controlling robots. Reference: : Reinforcement learning - Wikipedia, What is Reinforcement Learning? - Overview of How it Works - Synopsys
質問 # 20
What is "in-context learning" in the realm of large Language Models (LLMs)?
- A. Providing a few examples of a target task via the input prompt
- B. Modifying the behavior of a pretrained LLM permanently
- C. Teaching a mode! through zero-shot learning
- D. Training a model on a diverse range of tasks
正解：A
解説：
In-context learning is a technique that leverages the ability of large language models to learn from a few input-output examples provided in the input prompt. By conditioning on these examples, the model can infer the task and the format of the desired output, and generate a suitable response. In-context learning does not require any additional training or fine-tuning of the model, and can be used for various tasks such as text summarization, question answering, text generation, and more45. In-context learning is also known as few-shot learning or prompt-based learning. Reference: [2307.12375] In-Context Learning in Large Language Models Learns Label ...](https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.12375), [2307.07164] Learning to Retrieve In-Context Examples for Large Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.07164)
質問 # 21
What is the advantage of using Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Supercluster for AI workloads?
- A. It offers seamless integration with social media platforms.
- B. It delivers exceptional performance and scalability for complex AI tasks.
- C. It provides a cost-effective solution for simple AI tasks.
- D. It is ideal for tasks such as text-to-speech conversion.
正解：B
解説：
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Supercluster is a cloud service that provides ultrafast cluster networking, HPC storage, and OCI Compute bare metal instances. OCI Supercluster is ideal for training generative AI, including conversational applications and diffusion models, as it can deploy up to tens of thousands of NVIDIA GPUs per cluster for much greater scalability than similar offerings from other providers. OCI Supercluster also reduces the time needed to train AI models with simple Ethernet network architecture that provides ultrahigh performance at massive scale. Additionally, OCI Supercluster offers cost savings and access to AI subject matter experts56. Reference: OCI Supercluster and AI Infrastructure | Oracle, Oracle Delivers More Choices for AI Infrastructure and General-Purpose ...
質問 # 22
Which Deep Learning model is well-suited for processing sequential data, such as sentences?
- A. Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
- B. Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)
- C. Variational Autoencoder (VAE)
- D. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
正解：A
解説：
Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are a type of deep learning algorithm that can process sequential data, such as sentences, speech, or time series. They are composed of recurrent units that have a loop that allows them to store information from previous inputs and pass it to the next inputs. This way, they can capture the temporal dependencies and context within a sequence. RNNs can be used for various natural language processing tasks, such as text generation, machine translation, sentiment analysis, speech recognition, etc. However, RNNs also suffer from some limitations, such as vanishing or exploding gradients, difficulty in modeling long-term dependencies, and high computational cost. Therefore, some variants and extensions of RNNs have been proposed to overcome these challenges, such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Bidirectional RNN (BiRNN), Attention Mechanism, etc. Reference: : [Recurrent neural network - Wikipedia], [What are Recurrent Neural Networks? | IBM], [Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) in Machine Learning]
質問 # 23
As an IT manager for your company, you are responsible for migrating your company's image and video analysis workloads to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI). Your team is particularly interested in a cloud service that offers advanced computer vision capabilities, including custom model training.
Which OCI service would you consider for this purpose?
- A. OCI Speech
- B. OCI Document Understanding
- C. OCI Language
- D. OCI Vision
正解：D
解説：
OCI Vision is the best choice for migrating your company's image and video analysis workloads to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, as it offers advanced computer vision capabilities, including custom model training. With OCI Vision, you can build your own models to detect and classify objects in images and videos, using your own data and labels. You can also use OCI Vision's pretrained models for common tasks such as face detection, face recognition, and face analysis. OCI Vision supports various file formats, such as JPG, PNG, PDF, and TIFF, and can connect to many data sources, such as Object Storage, Autonomous Transaction Processing, and InfluxDB3. Reference: Vision - Oracle
質問 # 24
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