2023年最新の検証済みL4M8問題集と解答であなたを合格確定させるCIPS Level 4 Diploma in Procurement and Supply試験解答！
L4M8試験問題集で100%合格率L4M8試験！
CIPS L4M8試験では、サプライヤーの選択、契約交渉、リスク管理、倫理的考慮事項など、調達およびサプライチェーン管理に関連するさまざまなトピックをカバーしています。この試験は、これらの概念を現実世界のシナリオで適用し、組織の目的と一致する情報に基づいた決定を下す候補者の能力をテストするように設計されています。
CIPS L4M8（実践における調達と供給）認定試験は、調達と供給の専門家にとって高く評価されている資格です。この認定試験は、調達原則、調達プロセス、契約管理、およびサプライヤ管理などの主要な分野における候補者の知識と理解をテストするよう設計されています。この試験は、調達とサプライチェーン管理のグローバルに認知された専門家団体であるチャータード・インスティチュート・オブ・プロキュアメント・アンド・サプライ（CIPS）によって認定されています。
質問 # 44
What is PQQ and what does it include?
正解：
解説：
Pre-qualification questionnaire (PQQ) is often standard forms that buyers send to potential suppli-ers. The purpose is to ensure that these potential suppliers could, if they win the contract, supply the product or service to the standard required. PQQ includes requesting details from the potential suppliers on the following information
1. Company Details
2. Environment policies
3. Trading history
4. Ethical policies
5. Financial information
6. Health and safety policies
7. Quality standards
8. References
9. Insurance.
質問 # 45
Which Incoterm applies here?
The supplier is responsible for delivering the goods to a carrier or to an intermediate agreed place and should ensure that the goods have at least minimal insurance cover until this point. Again, the buyer is responsible for ensuring these goods reach their named destination from here.
- A. EXW - Ex Works
- B. CPT - Carriage Paid To
- C. CIP - Carriage and Insurance Paid to
- D. FCA - Free Career
正解：C
質問 # 46
Why is it important to keep ethical codes of practice up to date?
正解：
解説：
A code of ethics is a set of morals and principle set out by an organization to state what it deems to be acceptable conduct and behavior An ethical code of practice is a continually changing and developing document with society changing and different suppliers coming to market, the document has to remain current Suppliers should continually monitor their codes of ethics to ensure that;
1. They are looking after the interest of the supply chain
2. That potential customers can be reassured that they are conforming to the required regulation, e.g. ISO 14001.
Ethical code of conduct should be constantly monitored and updated in accordance with the changes organization faces. This include 1) Define (2) prevent (3) detect (4) reprove (5) evaluate.
質問 # 47
What happens in the public sector, regarding providing feedback?
正解：
解説：
A sector is an area of an industry, e.g., private, public or third sector.
A public sector is a sector of the economy that is owned, finance and run by the government. This sector is financed with tax payer's money. And therefore owe the general public an ethical explanation towards all investment and decision.
Once the supplier that is awarded the contract has accepted, the buyer can tell the unsuccessful bidders. This usually happens through email or letter. The public sector is more likely to give feedback to unsuccessful bidders and also have to respond to any stakeholders that request information on why a supplier is not successful.
質問 # 48
How can procurement professionals select suppliers?
正解：
解説：
During the sourcing stage of the procurement cycle, the procurement professional needs to identify and select suppliers to fulfill the business needs. Supplier selection involves evaluating suppliers against predetermine criteria to assess their suitability in working with the buying organization. Suppliers can be evaluated according to Carter's 10Cs which are as follows: (1) Competency (2) capacity (3) consistency (4) control (5) cost (6) commitment (7) cash (8) Clean (9) culture (10) communication.
Procurement professionals can decide to evaluate and select suppliers based on the overall strategy and the business objectives. After that, it most suitable suppliers receive the documentation (Invitation to tender/ request for quotation).
質問 # 49
What is the retention of title clause also known as?
正解：
解説：
Retention of title (ROT) states when ownership transfers from supplier to buyer.
The retention of title terms also referred to as the Romalpa clause, which is related to a legal case from 1976 between Aluminum industries Vaassen BV and Romalpa Aluminum LTD
質問 # 50
What two areas of an organization do the Kraljic Portfolio matrix uses to establish the category of a product or service?
正解：
解説：
The Kraljic Portfolio Matrix shows where a product or services fits into in an organization. It is based on two areas 1) the risk of supply (Risk Impact). 2) Effect it has on profit (cost impact).
質問 # 51
Describe five types of contract terms that a procurement professional should create with a supplier when forming an agreement.
正解：
解説：
Terms are the right and duties agreed which are then documented in a contract. Five types of con-tract terms that a procurement professional should create with a supplier when forming an agree-ment includes; Price term is when the buying organization wants to protect its budged and spending, it include price terms in the contract, for the buyer to buy goods or services in response to a need they some-time enshrine a bespoke specification in the contract.
Payment Term is to specify when and how the buyer will pay the supplier. The buyer may include a payment term in the contract.
Warrantee is when the buyer requires a promise from the supplier that the product or service will meet the specified need in the contract.
Time is of the essence term is included in the contract to detail when a product or service should be delivered and explains the potential losses of business if time is not observed.
質問 # 52
Describe one qualitative and one quantitative measures of social impact for an organization with which you are familiar.
正解：
解説：
Information gathered in relation to social impact for an organization is both qualitative and quantitative.
Fullpower consult is a project/procurement training company that has gotten a measure of its social impact.
The qualitative measure of the organization is its stakeholders perception. Stakeholders knows that fullpower will do all it can to always give the best value for money.
Fullpower has the policies to give 10% of its profit share back to the community, by sponsoring free trainings for both professionals and vocational.
Addition
Qualitative and quantitative measures of social impact
Qualitative
Stakeholder perception
Reputation
Good Ethical practice
Benefit to the economy
Quantitative
20% Reduction in emission
Amount of funding donated
Amount of train courses delivered
Percentage of Resources Replaced
*
Refer to the question column for response
質問 # 53
What is business case?
正解：
解説：
A business case is a document containing the justification and the commercial benefits achievable for a potential project or an identified need, for example, the purchase of a capital equipment, con-struction of an additional warehouse or procuring more innovative software to replace the current on in use.
The essence of the business case is to obtain support and get buy-in from senior management.
In order to gain authority to apply whole life asset management a business case will need to be created and presented. A developed business case will cover the following element.
1) Introduction: Outline of what the business case is all about
2) Objective: Explanation of what the business case desired outcome is.
3) Approach that will be undertaken
4) List of resources required
5) Benefits of achieving the objective
質問 # 54
Describe four factors that could damage reputation within the supply chair
正解：
解説：
The reputation of all the organizations within a supply chain is linked. A Company's reputation is an intangible asset that can contribute to the failure of an organization if damaged. Factors that could damage organizational reputation within the supply chain are;
1. Quality: if the product or service quality is poor the organization may not satisfy it customers and this can lead to a loss of reputation in the market. For example, a residential building construction company contracting a supplier that would do a bad job which in three months may require home owners to reinstall new doors.
2. Sustainability: if the organization is not replenishing that which it is extracting, it will some day run out of business or probably loss loyal customers. For example a drilling company that spills hydrocarbon as it drills.
3. Fit for purpose: if an organization produce a product or carry out services that are not fit for purpose, it may run at loss for there will be so much rejection and rework. This can lead to customers switching to another organization which product or services are fit for their purpose.
4. Contract management: an organization will have to manage its suppliers and the contracts to ensure they are delivering what they were contracted to do. A poor contract management is a waste in the process of delivery that can lead to reputational loss.
質問 # 55
Which Incoterm applies here?
The supplier is responsible for delivering the goods to the buyer's premises include arranging any custom clearances that applies, bearing all risk up until this point.
- A. DAP - Delivered At Place
- B. FAS - Free Alongside Ship
- C. DAT - Delivered At Terminal
- D. DDP - Delivery Duty Paid
正解：D
質問 # 56
Which Incoterm applies here?
The supplier is responsible for delivering the goods directly onto the vessel that will transport them to their named destination, covering the cost of both the transport and the insurance to cover this. Again, the supplier bears all risks until the goods are delivered to the buyer at their named place.
- A. CIF - Cost Insurance and Freight
- B. FOB - Free On Board
- C. FAS - Free Alongside Ship
- D. DAP - Cost and Freight
正解：A
質問 # 57
Explain how procurement should decide whether to make or buy a product or service.
正解：
解説：
Make or buy decision are about whether a products or services should be made within the organization or bought-in from an external supplier.
For a procurement professional to establish which method (make or buy) offers the best value, the item in question must be thought through if it is core to the organization and which option will add more value to the organization, as regards achieving its strategic goals. If it is core the procurement professional decide to make it and if it is not core the product or services can be bought in.
質問 # 58
Explain which factors should be considered when deciding the quantity of a product to order.
正解：
解説：
When reviewing supplier's response the procurement professional should consider the right quantity of product or service that has to be ordered at anytime as against the price to decide how to gain the best cost.
Factors to consider include the following
(1)Cost of inventory
(2) cost of insurance
(3) cost of transportation.
These three should be considered against price.
Note: Incoterms are versatile and procurement professionals should understand how they are ap-plied and what point the risk transfers from being the supplier's responsibility to being the buyer's responsibility. It is important to consult the ICC for the most recent definitions, but in the following questions (101-111) you can understand the rules.
Note: sharpen your knowledge on INCOTERMS. Please consider the following Objective Re-sponse questions
質問 # 59
In relation to the case study 'Walmart and H&M in spotlight regarding human rights in media ex-plain which human rights are not being granted to the workers.
正解：
解説：
Human rights are the statutory ways in which individual expects to and should be treated. Ethical and responsible sourcing includes the protection of human rights, not violating it.
When young women are being bound into contracts where they work for two to three years, they are not being granted the right to freedom from slavery.
Forcing these women to live in hostels under restrictions that prevent them from moving and are denied the opportunity to improve on their living condition is a violation of their right to life, liberty and personal security, also, their freedom from torture and degrading treatment is being violated.
質問 # 60
KPI should be written to match which area of an organization?
正解：
解説：
Key performance indicator (KPI) is another method of monitoring how a supplier is delivering on a contract.
When creating KPIs to manage suppliers and their contracts the areas monitored should be related to the organization's overall strategy that is where organization's success will be measured.
質問 # 61
What are the reasons that a contract can legally be terminated?
正解：
解説：
A contract is written or verbal agreement, made between two or more parties that are legally en-forceable. For a contract to be legally binding it must include intention of parties entering into the contracts. All parties must have the capacity to contract or be contracted. They must be of a sound mind, there should be a promise (offer) for performance from the other party and an exchange (consideration) of one thing for another within an agreement for contract to be binding, there must be an acceptance of the offeror's offer by the offeree.
There are many reasons contract can legally be terminated, including non-performance by one or both parties, a significant change in the requirement.
There are several reasons contract can legally be terminated, including non-performance by one or both parties; breach of material, failure to meet service level agreement, ethical breaches, a significant change in the requirement of either party caused by ethical change in the market, change in Demand, obsolescence, contract completion. The procurement professionals should get an exit strategy that should encourage a stress free disengagement should incase there are no profitable reason to continue with the contract.
質問 # 62
What are the ILO and ETI?
正解：
解説：
ILO stands for International Labour Organization- It is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance justice and promote decent work by setting international labor standard.
ETI is Ethical Trading Initiative: It is a leading alliance of companies, trade unions and NGOs that promote respect for workers right around the globe. Its vision is a world where all workers are free from exploitation and discrimination and enjoys condition of freedom, security and equity.
質問 # 63
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CIPS L4M8試験は、調達やサプライチェーン管理の実践における候補者の理解力を厳しく評価する試験です。サプライヤー管理、契約管理、交渉など、調達のプロフェッショナルが理解すべき必須のトピックを網羅しています。試験に向けては、CIPS認定の学習センターでの正式な学習と調達やサプライチェーン管理の現場での実務経験を積むことが必要です。CIPS L4M8試験に合格することは、調達のプロフェッショナルがキャリアを進め、フィールドでの知識とスキルを高めるための重要な達成感です。
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試験問題集リアルCIPS Level 4 Diploma in Procurement and Supply問題集で106解答を使おう：https://drive.google.com/open?id=15pczrQFhVZjK2FvyWcdulxHYuWe1FI4p