[2023年05月31日] CT-TAE PDF問題とテストエンジンには82問があります
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ISTQB CT-TAE（Certified Tester Test Automation Engineer）試験は、テスト自動化に特化したソフトウェアテスター向けに設計された、世界的に認知された認定プログラムです。この認定は、自分のテスト自動化技術とツールに関する知識とスキルを示したいプロフェッショナルに最適です。CT-TAE認定は、自動化のキャリアを始める初心者のテスターだけでなく、知識を証明したい経験豊富なテスターにも適しています。
テスト自動化エンジニア認定は、テスト自動化に関連する広範なトピックをカバーしており、テスト自動化の設計、計画、実行を含みます。認定には、テスト自動化フレームワーク、スクリプティング、開発などのトピックも含まれます。試験は、これらの分野の知識とスキルを試験し、候補者が分野に包括的な理解を持っていることを確認するために設計されています。
質問 # 38
You are using a gTAA to create a TAS for a project. The TAS is aimed at automatically and executing test cases based on a use-case Modeling approaching that uses UML as a modeling language. All the interaction between TAS and SUT will only be at the API and GUI level.
Which of the following components of the gTAA would you EXCLUDE from the TAS?
- A. The Command Line Interface (CLI) component of the test adaptation layer
- B. The test execution (test engine of the test execution layer
- C. The test reporting component of the test execution layer.
- D. The Test execution component of the test generation layer
正解：A
質問 # 39
You have executed an automated test suite for a product that was released into production. Although all the tests passed, there was a major failure in production in an area that was covered well by your automated tests.
You have run the automated tests again and one of the tests is now failing and this is directly related to the production defect that was raised. You decide to run the automated test suite again on the same version of the SUT and the test now passes.
What SHOULD you do now to verify the validity of the automated tests?
- A. Check that the production defect that was reported was an actual defect
- B. Remove the intermittently failing test from the test suite and investigate the reason why the test sometimes passes and sometimes fails.
- C. Reference: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341396240_Intermittently_Failing_Tests_in_the_Embedded_Systems_Domain
- D. Run the automated test suite again and if the test now passes - do nothing
正解：B
質問 # 40
Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of test automation?
- A. Automated exploratory testing is difficult to implement
- B. Tests are more likely to have operator errors.
- C. Slower feedback on the quality of the system.
- D. Test automation can be a distraction from the objective of finding bugs
正解：C
質問 # 41
A defect in a SUT has been resolved and validated by an automated defect re-test in the current release of the software. This retest has now been added to the automated regression test suite.
Which statement BEST describes a reason why this defect could re-occur in future releases?
- A. The automated regression test suite has a narrower scope of functionality
- B. The automated regression test suite is not run consistently for future releases.
- C. Automated defect confirmation testing is not effective at confirming that the resolved defect will continue to work in future releases
- D. The configuration management process does not properly control the synchronization between software archives
正解：D
質問 # 42
Consider a TAS that uses a keyword-driven framework. The SUT is a web application and there is a large set of keywords available for writing the automated tests that relate to highly specific user actions linked directly to the GUI of the SUT. The automated test written with the keywords are statically analyzed by a custom tool which highlight's repeated instances of identical sequence of keywords. The waiting mechanism implemented by the TAS for a webpage load is based on a synchronous sampling within a given timeout. The TAS allows checking a webpage load every seconds until a timeout value
- A. Changing the wait mechanism to explicit hard-coded waits
- B. Implementing keywords with a higher level of granularity
- C. Establishing an error recovery process for TAS and SUT
- D. Changing the scripting approach to data-driven scripting
正解：A
質問 # 43
As the TAE, you are working with the organisation's Test Manager to decide which external metrics and which internal metrics should be gathered for the new TAS.
Which of the following represents the BEST internal metric that would help measure the quality of the TAS and the number of problems associated with the TAS?
- A. The number of hours of manual test effort saved by implementing a TAS
- B. The average maintenance cost to keep an automated test in sync with the SUT
- C. A measure of defect density within the TAS automation code
- D. A measure of how many automated tests pass and fail
正解：C
質問 # 44
You have been asked to automate a set of functional tests at system Test level via the CLI of the SUT for the first release of a software system. The automated tests will be delivered to the learn in change of maintenance testing, who will use them for part of the regression testing. They have the following requirements.
1. The automated tests must be as fast and cheap to maintain as possible
2. The cost of adding new automated tests must be as low as possible
3. The automated tests must have a high level of independence from the tool itself Which of the following scripting techniques would be MOST suitable?
- A. Structure scripting
- B. Keyword-driven scripting
- C. Linear scripting
- D. Data-driven scripting
正解：A
質問 # 45
You have implemented a keyword-driven scripting framework, which uses a test execution tool to run the tests. This has been in use for the past year and all of the teams now use this framework as the standard approach for test execution.
The teams all work on different aspects of the SUT and they have all experienced significant benefits in the use of this scripting framework. However, on closer examination, you have discovered that there are numerous instances where the teams have the same functionality to test but are using different keywords.
One of your objectives for improvement is to create consistency among the teams.
What is the BEST way to handle this situation?
- A. Provide each team with a set of guidelines and naming conventions for keywords.
- B. Move to a model-based approach to scripting where the models include the keywords.
- C. Create a central library of keywords and associated definitions for each team to use.
- D. Do nothing, each team are working in isolation and they are all experiencing significant benefits in the way they are currently working.
正解：C
質問 # 46
You are reviewing the testability of your SUT.
Which of the following BEST refers to the characteristic of OBSERVABILITY?
- A. The ability to exercise the SUT by entering inputs, triggering events and invoking methods
- B. The ability to identify states, outputs, intermediate result and error messages in the SUT
- C. The ability of the SUT to perform its intended function for a specified period of time
- D. The ability of the SUT to prevent unauthorized access to its components or data.
正解：B
質問 # 47
Which of the following success factors for a test automation project is TRUE?
- A. Automated tests that fail due to changes in the requirements of the SUT should be promptly fixed rather than disabled from the test suite
- B. The test cases to be automated must have a high dependency on particular data values
- C. Automated tests must be designed to capture only the data that is strictly needed for comparing expected and actual results
- D. The test cases to be automated first must always be selected based on the number of times a test will need to be run
正解：A
質問 # 48
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of test automation?
- A. The ability to run more tests in less time and therefore to make it possible to run them more often
- B. The ability to perform tests which would be difficult or impossible to execute manually
- C. The ability to enable a better use of skilled testers by freeing them from repetitive and boring tasks
- D. The ability to find more defects with the same tests, compared to executing the same test manually
正解：D
質問 # 49
Which of the following statements does NOT describe good practice for maintaining the TAS?
- A. The TAS must consist of components that can be easily replaced without affecting the overall behavior of the TAS itself
- B. The TAS must separate the test scripts from the environment in which it runs and from the associated harnesses and artefacts
- C. The TAS must be under configuration management, along with the test suite, the testware artefacts and the test environment in which it runs
- D. The TAS must run in the development environment because development and programming knowledge are required for its maintainability
正解：D
質問 # 50
Which of the following is an important success factor for any significant automation project?
- A. The SUT must be designed for testability
- B. The TAA is self-documenting
- C. The TAA must be designed for testability.
- D. The SUT is self-documenting
正解：A
質問 # 51
You are testing a major enhancement to an air traffic control user interface. You have use of a sophisticated pre-production test environment, created specifically for large scale automated regression, performance and security testing. The window for regression testing is limited and must successfully conclude, with no major regressions remaining, before the non-functional testing starts.
You have been using the same version of the TAS for the last few releases, each time completing the automated regression test suite in a single overnight run. However, due to the latest enhancements for the SUT, you believe there is a risk that the test suite may no longer complete overnight and therefore delay performance and security testing.
Which option would be the BEST and MOST cost-efficient approach to mitigate this risk?
- A. Split the regression test suite into multiple parts, running in the environment across consecutive nights.
- B. Create a mirror of the pre-production test environment and split the regression test suite to run in parallel across the environments.
- C. Introduce better coding practices for the automation scripts, including coding guidelines, reviews and improved static analysis.
- D. Analyse the regression test suite and remove test coverage duplication and redundancy.
正解：B
質問 # 52
Your functional regression test automation suite ran successfully for the first two sprints and no failures were encountered during the runs. The automation suite records the status of each test case as either 'pass' or 'fail' and has excellent recovery capability built in.
For the third sprint, the TAS log reported several test cases with a status of 'fail'. You investigated each test case and found that most failures were due to a defect in one of the keyword scripts, rather than in the SUT. For those where the failure was in the SUT, defect reports were raised but several were returned by the developers asking for more information to enable them to reproduce the problem.
Which additional log items SHOULD you add to the TAS that would BEST improve failure analysis and defect reporting for future sprints?
a) Dynamic measurement information about the SUT.
b) A status of TAS error', in additional to pass' and 'fail', for each test case.
c) Use of a colour coding scheme so that 'pass' is in red and fail' is in green.
d) A counter to determine how many times each test case has been executed.
e) System configuration information including software/firmware and operating system versions.
f) A copy of the source code for all Keyword scripts executed.
- A. d and e
- B. b and e
- C. a and b
- D. a and c
正解：A
質問 # 53
Which of the following CORRECTLY describes how automation SHOULD be applied to confirmation testing?
- A. Confirmation tests can be automated and incorporated into an automated regression suite to show whether defects that were previously fixed reoccur
- B. A confirmation test should only be automated after it has been run manually
- C. Confirmation tests should only be automated if they fail to pass on the first attempt
- D. Confirmation tests are not good candidates for automation as they are not designed to run many times
正解：A
質問 # 54
You have been asked to determine a TAS for a new release of a SUT, test should be automated wherever. The new release will consist of 5 new interfaces and an amendment to 3 existing interfaces. The new and amended interface will be deliver incrementally in 3 sprints, each lasting 2 weeks.
What would be the BEST Test Automation Solution (TAS) design in this scenario?
- A. Automate tests at one level only, System level. Use only the newly developed interfaces and do not create any customized interfaces/test hooks.
- B. Automate a test at once level, component level, Create customized interface/test hooks for this level where the interface has not yet been developed or amended.
- C. Automate the tests at two levels, Component and System level. Create customized hooks at Component level for interface not yet developed or amended. Only use the newly developed or amended interfaces to test at System level.
- D. Automate tests at both Component and System Level. Only do this automation once every interface has been fully developed or amended and manual testing has completed successfully.
正解：D
質問 # 55
What represents good practice when automating a manual regression test suite?
- A. Remove inter-dependencies between tests to reduce automation failures and costly error analysis.
- B. Test data shared between tests should, where feasible, be stored and accessed from a single source to avoid duplication or introduction of error.
- C. All existing manual tests should be decomposed into several smaller automated tests to reduce functional overlap.
- D. Once a manual test has been automated, execute it immediately to Identify whether it operates correctly.
正解：D
質問 # 56
Designing the System Under Test (SUT) for testability is important for a good test automation approach and can also benefit manual test execution.
Which of the following is NOT a consideration when designing for testability?
- A. Observability: The SUT needs to provide interface that give insight into the system.
- B. Control: the SUT needs to provide interfaces that can be used to perform actions on SUT.
- C. Clearly defined architecture: The SUT Architecture needs to provide clear and understandable interfaces giving control and visibility on all test levels.
- D. Re-useability: The code written for the SUT must be re-useable for other similar system.
正解：D
質問 # 57
What are the four horizontal layers of the gTAA?
- A. Test definition, test execution, test reporting, test adaptation
- B. Test generation, test execution, test definition, test APIs
- C. Test generation, test definition, test execution, test adaptation
- D. Test adaptation, test execution, test design, test definition
正解：C
質問 # 58
A project consists of distributed teams working in a 24-hour environment, where activities happen at all hours of the day. This project adopts a CI (Continuous Integration) process when developer check-in code and consists of automated activities that include generating a build and deploying it to a test environment. Automated integration tests are run multiple times a day. The project have asked for a report containing the automation test results for every build, which must be available 24/7 to the project team.
Which of the following would be the BEST way to automatically provides this report?
- A. Store the execution result of the integration tests for the last build to a database (overwriting the results from the previous build), automatically create a test execution report for this build send It via e-mail to the project team
- B. Store the execution results of the integration tests for the last build to a database (without overwriting the results from the previous builds). Automatically create a test execution report for this build and send it via e-mail to the project team
- C. Store the execution results of the integration tests for the last build to a database (without overwriting the results from the previous builds), use this database to automatically update a dashboard containing the build history and test results accessible to the project team.
- D. Store the code coverage results of the integration tests for the last build to a database (without overwriting the results from the previous builds). And automatically create a chart showing the trend in code coverage and send via email to the project team.
正解：C
質問 # 59
New features have been added for the current release of a SUT.
Which action would NOT be appropriate for the TAE to perform when evaluating the impact on the TAS?
- A. Review existing keywords to see if they need to be modified.
- B. Run existing automated tests against the updated SUT to verify and record any changes to their correct operation.
- C. Evaluate compatibility with existing test tools and, where necessary, identify alternative solutions.
- D. Gather feedback from the Business Analysts to determine if the current TAS will meet the needs of the new features.
正解：D
質問 # 60
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