[2024年02月20日] 完全版最新の問題集でPDFで最新NSE7_ZTA-7.2試験問題と解答
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Fortinet NSE7_ZTA-7.2 認定試験の出題範囲：
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質問 # 14
What happens when FortiClient EMS is configured as an MDM connector on FortiNAC?
- A. FortiNAC sends the hostdata to FortiClient EMS to update its host database
- B. FortiClient EMS verifies with FortiNAC that the device is registered
- C. FortiNAC checks for device vulnerabilities and compliance with FortiClient
- D. FortiNAC polls FortiClient EMS periodically to update already registered hosts in FortiNAC
正解：D
解説：
When FortiClient EMS is configured as an MDM connector on FortiNAC, it allows FortiNAC to obtain host information from FortiClient EMS and use it for network access control. FortiNAC polls FortiClient EMS periodically (every 5 minutes by default) to update already registered hosts in FortiNAC. This ensures that FortiNAC has the latest host data from FortiClient EMS, such as device type, OS, IP address, MAC address, hostname, and FortiClient version. FortiNAC can also use FortiClient EMS as an authentication source for devices that have FortiClient installed. FortiNAC does not send any data to FortiClient EMS or check for device vulnerabilities and compliance with FortiClient123. References := 1: MDM Service Connectors | FortiClient EMS Integration 2: FortiClient EMS Device Integration|FortiNAC 9.4.0 - Fortinet Documentation 3: Technical Tip: Integration with FortiClient EMS
質問 # 15
With the increase in loT devices, which two challenges do enterprises face? (Choose two.)
- A. Bandwidth consumption due to added overhead of loT
- B. Achieving full network visibility
- C. Maintaining a high performance network
- D. Unpatched vulnerabilities in loT devices
正解：B、D
解説：
With the increase in IoT devices, enterprises face many challenges in securing and managing their network and data. Two of the most significant challenges are:
Unpatched vulnerabilities in IoT devices (Option C): IoT devices are often vulnerable to cyber attacks due to their increased exposure to the internet and their limited computing resources. Some of the security challenges in IoT include weak password protection, lack of regular patches and updates, insecure interfaces, insufficient data protection, and poor IoT device management12. Unpatched vulnerabilities in IoT devices can allow hackers to exploit them and compromise the network or data. For example, the Mirai malware infected IoT devices by using default credentials and created a massive botnet that launched DDoS attacks on internet services2.
Achieving full network visibility (Option D): IoT devices can generate a large amount of data that needs to be collected, processed, and analyzed. However, many enterprises lack the tools and capabilities to monitor and manage the IoT devices and data effectively. This can result in poor performance, inefficiency, and security risks. Achieving full network visibility means having a clear and comprehensive view of all the IoT devices, their status, their connectivity, their data flow, and their potential threats. This can help enterprises optimize their network performance, ensure data quality and integrity, and detect and prevent any anomalies or attacks3.
References := 1: Challenges in Internet of things (IoT) - GeeksforGeeks 2: Top IoT security issues and challenges (2022) - Thales 3: 7 challenges in IoT and how to overcome them - Hologram
質問 # 16
Which three statements are true about a persistent agent? (Choose three.)
- A. Can be used for automatic registration and authentication
- B. Deployed by a login/logout script and is not installed on the endpoint
- C. Supports advanced custom scans and software inventory.
- D. Can apply supplicant configuration to a host
- E. Agent is downloaded and run from captive portal
正解：A、C、D
解説：
A persistent agent is an application that works on Windows, macOS, or Linux hosts to identify them to FortiNAC Manager and scan them for compliance with an endpoint compliance policy. A persistent agent can support advanced custom scans and software inventory, apply supplicant configuration to a host, and be used for automatic registration and authentication. References := Persistent Agent Persistent Agent on Windows Using the Persistent Agent
質問 # 17
Which two types of configuration can you associate with a user/host profile on FortiNAC? (Choose two.)
- A. Service Connectors
- B. Network Access
- C. Endpoint compliance
- D. Inventory
正解：B、C
解説：
User/host profiles are used to map sets of hosts and users to different types of policies or rules on FortiNAC.
Among the options given, network access and endpoint compliance are the two types of configuration that can be associated with a user/host profile. Network access configuration determines the VLAN, CLI configuration or VPN group that is assigned to a host or user based on their profile. Endpoint compliance configuration defines the policies that checkthe host or user for compliance status, such as antivirus, firewall, patch level, etc. Service connectors and inventory are not types of configuration, but features of FortiNAC that allow integration with other services and devices, and collection of host and user data, respectively. References := User/host profiles | FortiNAC 9.4.0 - Fortinet Documentation and User/host profiles | FortiNAC 9.4.0 - Fortinet Documentation
質問 # 18
An administrator has to configure LDAP authentication tor ZTNA HTTPS access proxy Which authentication scheme can the administrator apply1?
- A. NTLM
- B. Basic
- C. Digest
- D. Form-based
正解：D
解説：
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) authentication for ZTNA (Zero Trust Network Access) HTTPS access proxy is effectively implemented using a Form-based authentication scheme. This approach allows for a secure, interactive, and user-friendly means of capturing credentials. Form-based authentication presents a web form to the user, enabling them to enter their credentials (username and password), which are then processed for authentication against the LDAP directory. This method is widely used for web-based applications, making it a suitable choice for HTTPS access proxy setups in a ZTNA framework.References:FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide, LDAP Authentication configuration sections.
質問 # 19
Which three core products are mandatory in the Fortinet ZTNA solution'' {Choose three.)
- A. FortiGate
- B. FortiClient
- C. FortiToken
- D. FortiClient EMS
- E. FortiAuthenticator
正解：A、B、D
解説：
Fortinet ZTNA solution is a zero-trust network access approach that provides secure and granular access to applications hosted anywhere, for users working from anywhere. The three core products that are mandatory in the Fortinet ZTNA solution are:
FortiClient EMS: This is the central management console that orchestrates the ZTNA policies and provides visibility and control over the endpoints and devices. It also integrates with FortiAuthenticator for identity verification and FortiAnalyzer for reporting and analytics.
FortiClient: This is the endpoint agent that supports ZTNA, VPN, endpoint protection, and vulnerability scanning. It establishes encrypted tunnels with the ZTNA proxy on the FortiGate and provides device posture and single sign-on (SSO) capabilities.
FortiGate: This is the next-generation firewall that acts as the ZTNA proxy and enforces the ZTNA policies based on user identity, device posture, and application context. It also provides security inspection and threat prevention for the ZTNA traffic.
References := Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) - Fortinet, Zero-Trust Network Access Solution | Fortinet, and Fortinet ZTNA | Fortinet Case Study.
質問 # 20
FortiNAC has alarm mappings configured for MDM compliance failure, and FortiClient EMS is added as a MDM connector When an endpoint is quarantined by FortiClient EMS, what action does FortiNAC perform?
- A. The host is disabled
- B. The host is isolated in the registration VLAN
- C. The host is marked at risk
- D. The host is forced to authenticate again
正解：B
解説：
In the scenario where FortiNAC has alarm mappings configured for MDM (Mobile Device Management) compliance failure and FortiClient EMS (Endpoint Management System) is integrated as an MDM connector, the typical response when an endpoint is quarantined by FortiClient EMS is to isolate the host in the registration VLAN. This action is consistent with FortiNAC's approach to network access control, focusing on ensuring network security and compliance. By moving the non-compliant or quarantined host to a registration VLAN, FortiNAC effectively segregates it from the rest of the network, mitigating potential risks while allowing for further investigation or remediation steps.References:FortiNAC documentation, MDM Compliance and Response Actions.
質問 # 21
Exhibit.
Which statement is true about the FortiAnalyzer playbook configuration shown in the exhibit?
- A. The playbook is run when an incident is created that matches the filters.
- B. The playbook is manually started by an administrator
- C. The playbook is run when an event is created that matches the filters
- D. The playbook is run on a configured schedule
正解：B
解説：
The FortiAnalyzer playbook configuration shown in the exhibit indicates that:
D: The playbook is manually started by an administrator: The "ON DEMAND" trigger in the playbook suggests that it is initiated manually, as opposed to being automated or scheduled. This typically means that an administrator decides when to run the playbook based on specific needs or incidents.
質問 # 22
Exhibit.
Which port group membership should you enable on FortiNAC to isolate rogue hosts'?
- A. Reset Forced Registration
- B. Forced Registration
- C. Forced Remediation
- D. Forced Authentication
正解：C
解説：
In FortiNAC, to isolate rogue hosts, you should enable the:
C: Forced Remediation: This port group membership is used to isolate hosts that have been determined to be non-compliant or potentially harmful. It enforces a remediation process on the devices in this group, often by placing them in a separate VLAN or network segment where they have limited or no access to the rest of the network until they are remediated.
The other options are not specifically designed for isolating rogue hosts:
A: Forced Authentication: This is used to require devices to authenticate before gaining network access.
B: Forced Registration: This group is used to ensure that all devices are registered before they are allowed on the network.
D: Reset Forced Registration: This is used to reset the registration status of devices, not to isolate them.
質問 # 23
Which configuration is required for FortiNAC to perform an automated incident response based on the FortiGate traffic?
- A. FortiNAC should be added as a participant in the Security Fabric
- B. FortiNAC should be configured as a syslog server on FortiGate
- C. FortiNAC requires read-write SNMP access to FortiGate.
- D. FortiNAC requires HTTPS access to FortiGate for API calls
正解：A
解説：
For FortiNAC to perform automated incident response based on FortiGate traffic, the required configuration is:
A: FortiNAC should be added as a participant in the Security Fabric: By integrating FortiNAC into the Fortinet Security Fabric, it can respond to incidents based on traffic analysis performed by FortiGate.
This allows for coordinated and automated responses to security events.
The other options are not specifically required for automated incident response in this context:
B: FortiNAC requires read-write SNMP access to FortiGate: While SNMP access is important for certain functions, it is not the key requirement for this specific use case.
C: FortiNAC should be configured as a syslog server on FortiGate: Configuring FortiNAC as a syslog server is useful for log collection but not specifically for automated incident response based on traffic.
D: FortiNAC requires HTTPS access to FortiGate for API calls: HTTPS access for API calls is important for integration, but it is not the primary requirement for automated incident response based on FortiGate traffic analysis.
References:
FortiNAC Integration with FortiGate for Incident Response.
Fortinet Security Fabric Documentation.
質問 # 24
Which statement is true about disabled hosts on FortiNAC?
- A. They are placed in the dead end VLAN
- B. They are marked as unregistered rogue devices
- C. They are placed in the authentication VLAN to reauthenticate
- D. They are quarantined and placed in the remediation VLAN
正解：A
解説：
According to the FortiNAC documentation1, disabled hosts are placed in the dead end VLAN, which is a special VLAN that isolates them from the production network. This is done to prevent unauthorized or compromised hosts from accessing network resources or spreading malware. The dead end VLAN must be configured in the AP model or the SSID configuration, and the state must be enforced23. Disabled hosts can be enabled again by the administrator or by reauthenticating through the FortiNAC portal. References := 1:
Enable or disable hosts | FortiNAC 9.4.0 - Fortinet Documentation 2: Technical Tip: Disabled wireless hosts not isolated - FortiNAC 3: Technical Tip: Disabled wired hosts not isolated - FortiNAC
質問 # 25
An administrator is trying to create a separate web tittering profile for off-fabric and on-fabric clients and push it to managed FortiClient devices Where can you enable this feature on FortiClient EMS?
- A. System settings
- B. ZTNA connection rules
- C. Endpoint policy
- D. On-fabric rule sets
正解：C
解説：
To create a separate web filtering profile for off-fabric and on-fabric clients and push it to managed FortiClient devices in FortiClient EMS, the feature can be enabled in:
A: Endpoint Policy: This is where administrators can define and manage different policies for FortiClient endpoints. These policies can include settings for web filtering, which can be customized for on-fabric and off-fabric scenarios.
The other options do not directly relate to the creation and management of web filtering profiles:
B: ZTNA Connection Rules: These rules are more focused on access control and do not deal directly with web filtering profiles.
C: System Settings: This section typically includes overall system configurations rather than specific policy definitions.
D: On-fabric Rule Sets: While important for on-fabric configurations, they don't directly deal with web filtering profiles.
References:
FortiClient EMS Administration Guide.
Managing Endpoint Policies in FortiClient EMS.
質問 # 26
What are the three core principles of ZTA? (Choose three.)
- A. Verity
- B. Be compliant
- C. Certify
- D. Assume breach
- E. Minimal access
正解：A、D、E
解説：
Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) is a security model that follows the philosophy of "never trust, always verify" and does not assume any implicit trust for any entity within or outside the network perimeter. ZTA is based on a set of core principles that guide its implementation and operation. According to the NIST SP 800-207, the three core principles of ZTA are:
A: Verify and authenticate. This principle emphasizes the importance of strong identification and authentication for all types of principals, including users, devices, and machines. ZTA requires continuous verification of identities and authentication status throughout a session, ideally on each request. It does not rely solely on traditional network location or controls. This includes implementing modern strong multi-factor authentication (MFA) and evaluating additional environmental and contextual signals during authentication processes.
D: Least privilege access. This principle involves granting principals the minimum level of access required to perform their tasks. By adopting the principle of least privilege access, organizations can enforce granular access controls, so that principals have access only to the resources necessary to fulfill their roles and responsibilities. This includes implementing just-in-time access provisioning, role-based access controls (RBAC), and regular access reviews to minimize the surface area and the risk of unauthorized access.
E: Assume breach. This principle assumes that the network is always compromised and that attackers can exploit any vulnerability or weakness. Therefore, ZTA adopts a proactive and defensive posture that aims to prevent, detect, and respond to threats in real-time. This includes implementing micro-segmentation, end-to-end encryption, and continuous monitoring and analytics to restrict unnecessary pathways, protect sensitive data, and identify anomalies and potential security events.
References :=
1: Understanding Zero Trust principles - AWS Prescriptive Guidance
2: Zero Trust Architecture - NIST
質問 # 27
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