2026年最新のL5M5問題集にはCIPS Level 5 Advanced Diploma in Procurement and Supply認証済み試験問題と解答
実際に出ると確認されたL5M5試験問題集と解答でL5M5無料更新
質問 # 41
Which of the following are benefits to sustainable business practices? Select TWO
- A. increased productivity and reduced waste
- B. weakened performance
- C. competitive advantage
- D. increased spending
正解：A、C
解説：
The two benefits are increased productivity and reduced waste and competitive advantage. The other two options are potential downsides. These types of questions in the exam are pretty straight forward-just look for the logical answer. Benefits and risks of sustainable practices are explained on p.11-14
質問 # 42
A small tech startup (Startup A) is negotiating a partnership with a large corporation (Corp B). Corp B proposes to cover 80% of the development costs but requires Startup A to assume 90% of the risk in the event of product failure.
What is the most significant issue with Corp B's proposal in this negotiation?
- A. The risk is disproportionately shared, placing an unfair burden on Startup A
- B. The partnership will likely lead to profit-sharing conflicts later
- C. Corp B is offering a higher percentage of funding than Startup A
- D. Startup A will have limited control over the development process
正解：A
解説：
Choice C- This is the correct answer. It highlights the main issue: Startup A is being asked to take on a significantly higher level of risk compared to their financial contribution, which is unfair and could lead to negative consequences for the startup.
Incorrect answer:
Choice A- While this statement is true, it doesn't address the core issue of risk distribution. Just because Corp B is contributing more funding doesn't justify imposing a heavier risk burden on Startup A.
Choice B- This option touches on potential control issues in the partnership. However, the primary concern in this scenario is not about control, but rather the fairness of the risk-sharing arrangement.
Choice D- While profit-sharing conflicts could arise from the arrangement, this option does not directly address the unfairness of the risk-sharing proposal. The primary problem lies in the unequal distribution of risk rather than potential future conflicts.
Reference:
LO-1.4; Page 130; Responsible use of power relationships
質問 # 43
McKesson is a leading healthcare company specializing in wholesale medical supplies and equipment, pharmaceutical distribution, and healthcare technology solutions. Recently, public hospitals placed an urgent request for medical supplies. Which of the following is NOT a method for identifying urgent orders?
- A. Assess supply chain capability
- B. Establish economic order quantities (EOQ) based on profit margins
- C. Develop a standardized order policy to manage urgent requests, including appropriate cost allocation
- D. Identify strategically important customers and leverage goodwill for commercial renegotiations
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is Option B. A company should establish a minimum order quantity (MOQ) rather than an economic order quantity (EOQ) based on profit margin. MOQ is the minimum order amount set by a supplier or retailer, whereas EOQ determines the optimal order quantity to meet customer demand while minimizing holding and ordering costs.
Reference: LO-1.4; Page 113; Demand Management and the need for urgent orders
質問 # 44
Banks, investors, and consumers form which type of stakeholder?
- A. Internal stakeholder
- B. External stakeholder
- C. Connected external stakeholder
- D. Connected internal stakeholder
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
Stakeholders are categorised based on their relationship to the organisation. The L5M5 study guide (p.105) explains that connected external stakeholders are outside the organisation but directly linked through financial or contractual relationships. Banks (financiers), investors (shareholders), and consumers (customers) fall into this category. Internal stakeholders (A) include employees and management, while external stakeholders (B) are broader groups such as regulators and communities without direct contracts. "Connected internal stakeholders" (C) is not a valid classification. Procurement professionals must identify and manage stakeholder expectations to maintain ethical, transparent supply chains.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.105
質問 # 45
Which of the following is a disadvantage of Low-Cost Country Sourcing (LCCS)? Select THREE
- A. Currency fluctuations
- B. Different laws and regulations
- C. Inventory risks
- D. Low infrastructure costs
- E. Scalability of production
正解：A、B、C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
While LCCS can reduce costs, it also presents risks. The L5M5 study guide (p.72) identifies disadvantages such as inventory risks (C) from longer lead times, different laws and regulations (D) creating compliance challenges, and currency fluctuations (E) impacting costs unpredictably. Low infrastructure costs (A) and scalability of production (B) are advantages, not disadvantages. Procurement professionals must weigh cost savings against these risks and implement mitigation strategies such as dual sourcing and currency hedging.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.72
質問 # 46
Charlie is 13 years old and sometimes helps his parents in their corner shop on weekends, while attending school during the week. Is this an example of child labour?
- A. Yes - any work by under 16s is child labour
- B. No - Charlie is old enough not to be a child
- C. No - helping in a family business does not count as child labour
- D. Yes - Charlie should report his parents to the police
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
The ILO defines child labour as work that deprives children of their childhood, education, or well-being. According to the L5M5 study guide (p.252), light work, such as assisting in a family business outside school hours, is not considered child labour if it does not interfere with education or harm physical and mental health. Charlie is attending school, completing homework, and only helping part-time in a family-owned shop. Therefore, this is not classified as child labour. The ILO guidelines make clear distinctions between exploitative labour (such as sweatshops or hazardous industries) and permissible family assistance.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.252
質問 # 47
Which ISO standard is most appropriate for CSR?
- A. ISO22000
- B. ISO31000
- C. ISO14000
- D. ISO9001
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
ISO14000 is the family of standards for environmental management, making it the most appropriate for CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility). The L5M5 study guide (p.211) states that ISO14001, in particular, sets requirements for organisations to establish environmental management systems (EMS). ISO9001 relates to quality management, ISO22000 to food safety, and ISO31000 to risk management. For procurement, ISO14000 certification provides assurance that suppliers follow recognised environmental practices, making it highly relevant to CSR and ESG goals.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.211
質問 # 48
An electronics manufacturing company aims to transition to a circular economy model by minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency. Which strategies would best support this shift?
- A. Implementing a one-time recycling program for old devices
- B. Focusing solely on increasing production to meet rising consumer demand
- C. Offering discounts on new products but not providing any take-back or recycling options for old devices
- D. Designing products for easy disassembly and refurbishment, allowing for longer product life and reuse of components
正解：D
解説：
Choice A- While a recycling program is a step in the right direction, it is a reactive approach. A circular economy emphasizes proactive strategies such as designing products for longevity and reusability, rather than just recycling at the end of a product's life.
option promotes sustainable practices by encouraging product longevity and resource recovery, making it the most aligned with circular economy principles. This approach minimizes waste by ensuring that products can be refurbished or repaired rather than discarded. It encourages a culture of reuse, which is fundamental to the circular economy model.
Choice C- This approach is contrary to the principles of a circular economy, which seeks to minimize resource extraction and waste. Increasing production often leads to more waste and environmental impact, rather than promoting sustainability and resource efficiency.
Choice D- While discounts can encourage sales, without a system to handle old devices, this option does not contribute to sustainability. It fails to address the issue of waste management and does not promote reuse or recycling, which are essential components of a circular economy.
Reference:
LO-1.1; Page 14; The role of environmental considerations in securing ethical and sustainable procurement and supply arrangements
質問 # 49
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the ISO14001 standard?
- A. It is different across industries
- B. Environmental targets are not set by ISO
- C. All companies use this for greenwashing
- D. Organisations are mandated to have an Environmental Policy
正解：B
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
ISO14001 is an international standard for environmental management systems. According to the L5M5 study guide (p.277), one disadvantage is that ISO does not set environmental performance targets itself; instead, it requires organisations to define their own targets. This means some organisations may set very easy or minimal goals, limiting actual environmental improvement. Option A is incorrect as ISO14001 applies consistently across industries. Option C is a requirement, not a disadvantage. Option D is an overgeneralisation-while some firms misuse it for "greenwashing," many genuinely use it to improve sustainability.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.277
質問 # 50
In what circumstances is Expert Determination the most suitable method for resolving contract disputes?
- A. technical disputes
- B. personality disputes
- C. high value contracts
- D. international contracts
正解：A
解説：
Choice C- This is the correct answer. Expert Determination is particularly suited for disputes that require specialized technical knowledge, such as issues related to engineering, construction, or IT systems. An independent expert with relevant expertise can assess and resolve the dispute effectively.
Incorrect answer:
Choice A-Expert Determination is not specifically suited to international contracts. While it could be used in such cases, it is more about the nature of the dispute (technical issues) rather than the geographic scope of the contract.
Choice B- The value of the contract does not determine the suitability of Expert Determination. Other methods like arbitration or litigation are often more common for resolving high-value disputes.
Choice D- Expert Determination is not designed to handle personality conflicts or disputes rooted in interpersonal disagreements. Mediation or other relationship-focused methods are more appropriate in such cases.
Reference:
LO-2.4; Page 236; Escalating non-compliance and making exit arrangements
質問 # 51
Which of the following are core Labour Standards of the ILO? Select TWO
- A. Equal opportunities for all
- B. Protection from job insecurity
- C. Freedom of association
- D. Payment of a living wage
正解：C、D
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
The International Labour Organisation (ILO) has defined core labour standards. According to the L5M5 study guide (old p.60, new p.88), these include freedom of association (A) and payment of a living wage (B). Other standards include the right to unionise, elimination of forced labour, and restriction of child labour. Equal opportunities (C) and protection from job insecurity (D) are important labour rights but not classified as core ILO standards. Procurement professionals must ensure suppliers comply with these standards to avoid reputational, legal, and operational risks.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.88
質問 # 52
A global manufacturing company is looking for a collaborative platform to enhance its environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices. It requires access to practical tools, peer networking, and resources to tackle challenges such as climate change, water sustainability, and supply chain management.
Which organization would best meet the company's needs?
- A. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
- B. International Procurement Organization (IPO)
- C. Global Environmental Management Initiative (GEMI)
- D. Greenpeace
正解：C
解説：
Option B- GEMI is tailored for businesses seeking tools, resources, and collaborative opportunities to enhance their ESG practices. Unlike other options, GEMI specializes in corporate environmental management and provides solutions to the practical challenges companies face in their operations.
Incorrect answer:
Option A- The IPO primarily supports global procurement professionals and organizations in reducing & optimizing their procurement and supply chain strategies. While it may offer insights into sustainable procurement, it does not specialize in environmental or sustainability management across broader operational areas like GEMI does.
Option C- UNEP sets international environmental agendas and fosters policies at the government level, but it does not provide the practical tools and peer collaboration specifically tailored for businesses.
Option D- Greenpeace is an independent global campaigning organization focused on confronting environmental issues such as climate change, deforestation, and ocean protection through activism and advocacy. Its primary approach involves raising public awareness and pressuring corporations and governments to adopt environmentally friendly practices, rather than providing businesses with practical tools or platforms for internal sustainability improvements.
Reference:
LO-2.1; Page 170; Use of risk mitigation strategies to achieve ESG objectives to secure ethical and sustainable procurement and supply arrangements
質問 # 53
Smith Industries, a production company, plans to hire an external organization to audit its operations. Which TWO qualifications should be required when selecting an independent third-party auditor?
- A. At least 5 years of experience
- B. Appropriate professional qualification
- C. Be approved by a certified body
- D. Have strong communication skills
正解：C
解説：
Choice B - Approval or accreditation by a recognized certification body ensures that the auditor operates according to established professional and ethical standards. This is critical for maintaining trust and the reliability of the audit process.
Choice D- A formal qualification demonstrates the auditor's foundational knowledge and competency in auditing principles and methodologies. This is mandatory as it establishes the credibility and technical ability of the auditor.
Incorrect answer:
Choice A -Experience indicates practical exposure to audits, which can contribute to the auditor's ability to handle complex or unique scenarios. While valuable, this is not always mandatory, as less experienced auditors can still possess the necessary skills if well-qualified.
Choice C -Strong communication skills enable the auditor to clearly convey findings, recommendations, and areas for improvement to the organization. While important, this is often considered a soft skill rather than a mandatory criterion.
Reference:
LO-2.3; Page 210; Sourcing third parties for auditing services
質問 # 54
A procurement team runs a tender for new office furniture, prioritising cost. What is the main risk of this approach?
- A. Suppliers may sacrifice sustainability agenda
- B. Rushed tender process
- C. Not receiving any bids
- D. Receiving too many bids
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
When cost is the overriding priority, suppliers may compromise on sustainability. The L5M5 study guide explains that cheap materials may be unsustainably sourced (e.g., timber from non-certified forests). This is particularly highlighted in the old syllabus under LO 3.4, which noted risks when cost or speed is prioritised over ESG. Procurement professionals must balance cost, quality, speed, and sustainability to avoid reputational damage and unethical practices. Focusing solely on cost undermines long-term ESG commitments.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, section on sustainability vs cost priorities
質問 # 55
Berty Boo Ltd conducts an audit checking compliance with regulations, policies, and risk procedures. What type of audit is this?
- A. Compliance audit
- B. Benchmarking audit
- C. Third-party audit
- D. External audit
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
A compliance audit evaluates whether an organisation adheres to regulatory requirements, security policies, and internal risk management procedures. The L5M5 study guide (p.207) highlights that this is distinct from external audits (conducted by outsiders), third-party audits (commissioned independently), and benchmarking audits (comparing against industry peers). Procurement professionals must use compliance audits to ensure suppliers meet legislative and regulatory standards, reducing risks of non-compliance, fines, and reputational damage.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.207
質問 # 56
EcoTech Solutions, a small business based in Canada, is exploring the possibility of developing its own environmental management system rather than adopting a widely recognized standard. What are two potential advantages of this approach? Select any TWO
- A. It ensures compliance with local regulations and requirements
- B. This is a form of greenwashing
- C. It may be simpler for customers to understand
- D. It could result in lower implementation costs
正解：A、D
解説：
Choice B- An organisation specific system can be specifically designed to address local environmental regulations, ensuring the business remains compliant with the laws in its area.
Choice D- This is a advantage, as creating a custom environmental management system could have fewer expenses compared to adopting a global certification, such as ISO.
Incorrect answer:
Choice A- While a custom system could be tailored to local needs, it does not guarantee that customers will find it easier to understand than an internationally recognized standard.
Choice C- This is not necessarily true. Developing a custom system is not inherently greenwashing unless the system is used to falsely claim environmental achievements or mislead consumers.
Reference:
LO-3.2; Page 288-289; Role of industry standards and frameworks used by organizations in securing ESG considerations and ethical standards
質問 # 57
What is the term for a clause in a contract that, if breached, allows the injured party to claim damages but does not result in the termination of the contract?
- A. Warranty
- B. Representation
- C. Condition
- D. Innominate term
正解：A
解説：
Choice C- A warranty in a contract is a term that, if breached, allows the injured party to claim damages but does not give them the right to terminate the entire contract. Therefore, this is the answer.
Incorrect answer:
Choice A- A representation is a statement made by one party to another, often during pre-contractual negotiations, to induce them to enter into a contract. Representations are not terms of the contract, so their breach does not directly impact the contract itself in the same way as a condition, warranty, or innominate term. Since the question specifies a contractual clause, representation cannot be the correct answer.
Choice B- A condition is a fundamental term of the contract. Breaching a condition gives the injured party the right to: Terminate the contract, and Claim damages. The question explicitly states that the clause should not allow for termination of the contract. Therefore, a condition does not fit the criteria.
Choice D- An innominate term does not have a predefined classification as a condition or warranty. Its treatment depends on the severity of the breach: If the breach is serious, it could lead to termination (similar to a condition) or if the breach is minor, it only results in damages (similar to a warranty). Since the question specifies a clause that does not allow for termination regardless of the breach's impact, this term is too flexible to be the correct answer.
Reference:
LO-2.2; Page 190-191; Monitoring Contract Performance
質問 # 58
Which of the following strategies is primarily designed to lower business costs while also considering social and environmental impacts?
- A. Increasing Product Prices
- B. Cutting Workforce Salaries
- C. Value Engineering
- D. Outsourcing
正解：C
解説：
Choice B- Value engineering is a structured approach to improving the value of products or services by analyzing their functions. It aims to reduce costs without sacrificing quality, thereby enhancing overall efficiency. It reviews and amends new products like reworking or developing new processes so that fewer raw materials are used or wasted in production of goods. This method encourages innovation and sustainability, often leading to more environmentally friendly processes and materials, and can also foster positive social outcomes by improving product design and usability.
Incorrect answer:
Choice A- Outsourcing involves contracting third-party companies to handle certain business functions or processes. While it can reduce costs by utilizing cheaper labor or specialized services, it often does not address social or environmental impacts. In some cases, outsourcing can lead to negative consequences, such as job losses in the local economy or reliance on suppliers with poor labor practices.
Choice C- Increasing product prices is a straightforward way to improve profit margins, but it does not reduce costs. In fact, this strategy can alienate customers, especially in competitive markets. Additionally, it may not have any direct impact on social or environmental considerations, and could potentially lead to decreased accessibility for consumers.
Choice D- Cutting salaries is a short-term cost-saving measure that can severely impact employee morale, loyalty, and productivity. While it may reduce costs temporarily, it often leads to higher turnover rates and loss of skilled workers. This strategy can have negative social impacts on the workforce and may ultimately harm the company's reputation and long-term sustainability.
Reference:
LO-1.1; Page 28-29; The risks and rewards of adopting ESG considerations in securing ethical and sustainable procurement and supply arrangements
質問 # 59
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