[2026年02月21日]CPT試験問題集PDF正確率保証と更新された問題
合格させるCPT試験にはリアルテストエンジンPDFには230問題あります
質問 # 127
A client's low-back arches during a pulling assessment. The trainer should identify this as an indication that which of the following muscles are overactive?
- A. Middle and lower trapezius
- B. Hip flexors and erector spinae
- C. Intrinsic core stabilizers
- D. Upper trapezius and levator scapulae
正解：B
解説：
In the pulling assessment, an excessive low-back arch indicates overactivity in the hip flexors and erector spinae. The NASM CPT7 Study Guide explains that these muscles contribute to anterior pelvic tilt and lumbar extension when overactive.
Underactive muscles in this scenario typically include the intrinsic core stabilizers and gluteus maximus, which are not adequately resisting the pull into lumbar extension. Other muscle groups listed-middle/lower trapezius, upper trapezius, and levator scapulae-are more relevant to scapular movement and postural compensations in the upper body, not lumbar extension patterns. Thus, the overactive muscles here are hip flexors and erector spinae.
質問 # 128
Which of the following instructions should a personal trainer give a client during static stretching?
- A. Hold the stretch for 1 to 2 seconds and repeat for 5 to 10 repetitions.
- B. Complete one to three sets and hold each stretch for 30 seconds.
- C. Complete one set of 10 repetitions for three or more exercises.
- D. Sustain pressure on a tender spot for a minimum of 30 seconds.
正解：B
解説：
For static stretching, NASM recommends holding each stretch for about 30 seconds to allow for relaxation of the muscle via autogenic inhibition. The guide outlines completing 1-3 sets per muscle group, particularly after workouts or as part of a corrective flexibility program. This method helps increase joint range of motion, correct muscle imbalances, and reduce tension in overactive muscles. Shorter holds (1-2 seconds) are used in dynamic warm-ups, not static stretching.
質問 # 129
When a client is performing a dumbbell chest press, the trainer should spot the client in which of the following locations?
- A. Dumbbell
- B. Elbows
- C. Wrist
- D. Forearms
正解：C
解説：
When spotting a dumbbell chest press, NASM recommends placing the hands at the client's wrists to help control the path of the dumbbells without restricting elbow movement.
Spotting at the elbows or forearms offers less stability and could allow the weight to drift into unsafe positions. Holding the dumbbells directly can disrupt the client's grip and balance. By spotting at the wrists, the trainer can assist only as much as needed while allowing the client to maintain proper form.
質問 # 130
A trainer notices that a client's shoulders elevate and his head migrates forward during a pushing assessment.
Which of the following muscles may be overactive?
- A. Middle and lower trapezius
- B. Deep cervical flexors and erector spinae
- C. Intrinsic core stabilizers and latissimus dorsi
- D. Upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
正解：D
解説：
When shoulders elevate and the head moves forward during a pushing assessment, NASM identifies overactive muscles including the upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and levator scapulae. These compensations suggest dominance of neck and shoulder elevators combined with underactivity of stabilizers such as the deep cervical flexors and mid/lower trapezius. Corrective strategies involve inhibiting and stretching the overactive muscles, then activating the underactive ones to restore optimal pushing mechanics.
質問 # 131
In the resistance training portion of maximal strength training, which of the following is the appropriate repetition range?
- A. 6 to 10
- B. 1 to 5
- C. 12 to 15
- D. 20 to 25
正解：B
解説：
In maximal strength training (Phase 4 of the OPT model), the NASM CPT7 Study Guide prescribes a repetition range of 1 to 5 to optimize maximal force output. This phase uses heavy loads (85-100% of 1RM) with longer rest periods (3-5 minutes) to promote neural adaptations, increased motor unit recruitment, and enhanced intramuscular coordination. The focus is on improving absolute strength rather than hypertrophy or muscular endurance.
質問 # 132
The nucleus and other organelles are contained within which of the following structures?
- A. Dendrites
- B. Cell body
- C. Sarcolemma
- D. Axon
正解：B
解説：
In the structure of a neuron, the cell body (soma) contains the nucleus and other organelles essential for cell metabolism and function. The NASM CPT7 Study Guide notes that neurons have three primary components:
cell body, axon, and dendrites.
The axon transmits electrical signals away from the cell body, dendrites receive incoming signals, and the sarcolemma is the plasma membrane surrounding muscle fibers-not neurons. Therefore, the nucleus and organelles are contained within the cell body.
質問 # 133
Which energy source is initially utilized at the beginning of an aerobic activity session?
- A. Cortisol
- B. Insulin
- C. Glucose
- D. Protein
正解：C
質問 # 134
A trainer is developing an exercise program for a client who has coronary heart disease. Which of the following is an appropriate modification?
- A. Encourage the client to clench his fists during exercise.
- B. Reduce frequency to 2 days per week.
- C. Perform exercises in a supine or prone position.
- D. Adjust tempo to avoid extended isometrics.
正解：D
解説：
For clients with coronary heart disease, the NASM CPT7 guidelines recommend avoiding prolonged isometric holds because they can significantly increase blood pressure, placing unnecessary strain on the cardiovascular system. The study guide emphasizes adjusting tempo to reduce extended isometric contractions and focusing on controlled concentric and eccentric actions to maintain circulation and avoid excessive cardiovascular load. Recommended programming includes low-to-moderate intensity, gradual warm-ups, and monitoring of exertion levels, often using the talk test or RPE scale for safety .
According to the NASM CPT7 Study Guide, Zone Two in stage training is characterized by working just below the anaerobic threshold, where the body transitions from primarily aerobic energy production toward greater reliance on anaerobic systems. This zone corresponds to an intensity where the client's breathing rate increases but is still manageable for extended periods. The guide explains that in stage training, Zone 2 is designed to improve the ability to sustain higher intensities for longer durations, enhancing lactate threshold and aerobic capacity. Training near the anaerobic threshold challenges the cardiovascular system while still being sustainable for a moderate duration, making it ideal for endurance development and preparing for higher-intensity efforts in Zone 3 .
質問 # 135
Which of the following is a benefit of aerobic exercise?
- A. Decreases LDL cholesterol
- B. Increases blood pressure
- C. Increases resting pulse rate
- D. Decreases HDL cholesterol
正解：A
質問 # 136
What is stroke volume (SV)?
- A. The duration of time that it takes to complete a cycle of blood movement throughout the cardiac system.
- B. The actual volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle of the heart in one beat.
- C. The measured volume of blood that is pumped throughout the cardiac system in one cycle.
- D. The duration of time and volume ratio that exists between the beginning and end of the cardiac system cycle.
正解：B
質問 # 137
A client's knee moves inward during the single-leg squat assessment. Which of the following muscles may be overactive?
- A. Gluteus maximus
- B. Vastus medialis oblique (VMO)
- C. Tensor fascia latae (TFL)
- D. Gluteus medius
正解：C
解説：
In the single-leg squat assessment, inward movement of the knee (valgus collapse) indicates possible overactivity in muscles that internally rotate and abduct the hip, combined with underactivity in muscles that externally rotate and abduct the hip. NASM's movement assessment guidelines identify the tensor fascia latae (TFL), along with the adductor complex and vastus lateralis, as common overactive contributors to knee valgus. The Study Guide links this compensation to "altered length-tension relationships" where overactive TFL can inhibit the gluteus medius and maximus, leading to poor hip stabilization. The valgus motion increases stress on the knee joint and the kinetic chain above and below it. The corrective strategy involves inhibiting and lengthening the overactive TFL through self-myofascial release and static stretching, while activating the underactive gluteal muscles and integrating functional movement patterns. In contrast, the gluteus medius and maximus are typically underactive in this scenario, and the VMO plays a role in patellar tracking rather than causing knee valgus.
質問 # 138
A trainer observes that a client's knees turn in during an overhead squat assessment. Which of the following exercises should the trainer recommend?
- A. Lateral tube walking
- B. Seated leg press
- C. Hamstring curl
- D. Hip adduction
正解：A
解説：
When a client's knees turn inward during the overhead squat assessment, NASM identifies probable overactive and underactive muscles. Underactive muscles often include the gluteus medius and maximus.
Corrective strategies involve strengthening these abductors, and lateral tube walking is a targeted exercise for the gluteus medius, which helps control femoral internal rotation and knee valgus. The guide emphasizes integrating these corrective exercises into a full warm-up or stabilization phase to address faulty movement patterns .
質問 # 139
A trainer notices a client shrug their shoulders during a cable press. Which of the following stretches should the trainer recommend to help the client lengthen the overactive muscles?
- A. Static soleus stretch
- B. Static erector spinae stretch
- C. Static upper trapezius/scalene stretch
- D. Static ball latissimus dorsi stretch
正解：C
解説：
When a client shrugs their shoulders during a cable press, NASM's movement assessment principles indicate overactivity of the upper trapezius and scalenes-secondary muscles of respiration and neck movement. The guide points out in the respiratory system section that "abnormal breathing patterns... are associated with the use of secondary respiratory muscles (sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, or scalenes)." Overactivity in these muscles during upper body pushing movements reflects compensations, often due to weakness or under- recruitment of the prime movers (pectorals, deltoids, triceps) or stabilizers. Static stretching is recommended for overactive muscles to restore normal length-tension relationships. The "static upper trapezius/scalene stretch" directly addresses the tightness and helps improve overhead or forward pressing mechanics by reducing unwanted scapular elevation. Other stretches listed in the options (soleus, erector spinae, latissimus dorsi) target entirely different regions-lower leg, lower back, or lateral back muscles-and would not address the observed compensation. This correction aligns with NASM's flexibility continuum: inhibit (SMR)
# lengthen (static stretch) # activate (strengthen underactive muscles) # integrate (dynamic movements), restoring balanced shoulder mechanics.
質問 # 140
Which of the following resistance training techniques should a trainer recommend for a 58-year-old client who prefers variations and has limited time for his workout?
- A. Multiple-set system
- B. Superset system
- C. Peripheral heart action system
- D. Horizontal loading system
正解：C
解説：
The Peripheral Heart Action (PHA) system alternates upper- and lower-body exercises to keep the blood circulating between the extremities, which also maintains an elevated heart rate. NASM notes that this method is ideal for clients with limited time who want variety, as it combines resistance and cardiovascular benefits.
The horizontal loading system trains all sets of one exercise before moving to the next, which is less time- efficient. The multiple-set system increases volume but doesn't necessarily save time. The superset system alternates two exercises with little rest, but doesn't inherently alternate upper and lower body. Thus, the PHA system is the most suitable for a time-limited client seeking variety.
質問 # 141
What is a symptom of overtraining?
- A. Sudden hair loss
- B. Trouble falling asleep
- C. Unexplained lean weight loss
- D. Decrease of bone density
正解：B
質問 # 142
Which of the following dynamic flexibility distortion patterns will create abnormal stress throughout the kinetic chain?
- A. Neutrality of the scapulae
- B. Patella tracking parallel with the foot
- C. Neutrality of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex
- D. Eversion of the foot
正解：D
解説：
In NASM's Human Movement Science section, dynamic flexibility distortion patterns are described as abnormal joint motion or posture during movement that can place undue stress on the kinetic chain. The frontal plane movements of the foot and ankle include eversion and inversion. NASM emphasizes that altered motion at the foot-such as excessive eversion-can disrupt alignment up the kinetic chain, impacting the knee, hip, and even shoulder positioning. The Study Guide notes that "the frontal plane... movements...
include abduction and adduction of the limbs, lateral flexion of the spine, and eversion and inversion at the foot and ankle complex." Excessive or poorly controlled eversion creates misalignment, leading to compensations such as knee valgus or excessive internal rotation of the femur. This, in turn, changes forces experienced by the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex (LPHC) and upper body. Such compensatory movement patterns are directly linked to increased injury risk, especially in the knee and lower back, and are common in overuse injuries. In contrast, "neutrality" of the LPHC or scapulae indicates correct posture, and proper patella tracking is a positive alignment characteristic-not a distortion. Therefore, eversion of the foot fits NASM's definition of a dynamic flexibility distortion pattern that "creates abnormal stress throughout the kinetic chain" by disrupting the optimal length-tension and joint alignment necessary for efficient movement.
質問 # 143
Which of the following is the proper lower extremity position when performing a ball squat?
- A. Internal rotation of the hip
- B. Pronation of the foot
- C. Knee over second toe
- D. Adduction of the hip
正解：C
解説：
NASM's resistance training technique guidelines emphasize maintaining proper lower extremity alignment to prevent injury and maximize movement efficiency. For squatting patterns-including the ball squat-the knees should track in line with the second toe, ensuring the tibia and femur remain in proper alignment and reducing valgus or varus stresses at the knee. This position also promotes balanced foot loading and optimal activation of the glutes, quadriceps, and hamstrings. The Study Guide warns that deviations such as hip adduction, foot pronation, or internal hip rotation during squatting increase abnormal stress through the kinetic chain, leading to compensatory patterns and potential overuse injuries. Therefore, "knee over second toe" represents the correct, safe position for the lower extremities in a ball squat.
質問 # 144
The connection point for a muscle group to a bone is called?
- A. Bifurcation
- B. Insertion
- C. Interconnection
- D. Transfer
正解：B
質問 # 145
A trainer is working with a client who is overweight. Which of the following is an appropriate position for the client to begin a row?
- A. Prone
- B. Supine
- C. Side-lying
- D. Standing
正解：D
解説：
When working with overweight or obese clients, exercise positions should optimize comfort, breathing, and movement efficiency while minimizing orthopedic stress. NASM's program design recommendations favor upright or incline positions for resistance training when possible, especially for those who may experience discomfort or breathing restriction in prone (face down) or supine (lying flat) positions. For a row, starting in a standing position-such as with cables, resistance bands, or a machine-allows the client to maintain spinal alignment, engage the core, and breathe freely, while accommodating a larger body mass. Side-lying and prone positions may be physically uncomfortable and limit range of motion for overweight individuals.
質問 # 146
Which of the following is the greatest contributor to an increased cardiovascular risk profile?
- A. Being underweight
- B. High caffeine intake
- C. Being sedentary
- D. Skipping meals
正解：C
質問 # 147
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