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質問 # 62
A vice president (VP) of supply management receives numerous complaints regarding the length of time it takes to receive products after they have been ordered. This has resulted in the company losing business due to late customer deliveries. Which of the following is the FIRST step the VP should take in order to address this issue?
- A. Apply Winter's Model in order to improve forecast demand for the company's products
- B. Create a value stream map to identify bottlenecks in the order-to-delivery process
- C. Meet with engineering to discuss how the product is made in order to identify areas for improvement
- D. Meet with the company's 3PL provider to determine why they are taking so long to deliver product
正解：B
解説：
Creating a value stream map to identify bottlenecks is the first step in addressing delays in the order-to-delivery process. This visual tool helps pinpoint areas causing delays, enabling targeted improvements to streamline operations and reduce lead times.
質問 # 63
A project charter addresses which of the following areas?
- A. Problem statement, budget, timeline, work breakdown structure, project team, and sponsor's approval
- B. Problem statement, team, roles and responsibilities, cost structure, timelines, and sponsor's approval
- C. Problem statement, statement of work, resource requirements, milestones, and sponsor's approval
- D. Problem statement, scope, constraints, milestones, team and authority, risk, and sponsor's approval
正解：D
解説：
A project charter includes a problem statement, scope, constraints, milestones, team and authority, risk, and sponsor's approval. This comprehensive document outlines the project's framework, guiding its execution and ensuring alignment with organizational goals.
質問 # 64
An organization's capital expenditure policies are MOST closely aligned with which of the following types of assets?
- A. Fixed
- B. Intangible
- C. Current
- D. Deferred
正解：A
解説：
Capital expenditure policies primarily relate to fixed assets, as they involve investments in long-term assets that are capitalized and depreciated over time. Reference: Horngren, C. T., Datar, S. M., & Rajan, M. V.
(2015). Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis.
質問 # 65
A company purchases raw materials from a domestic supplier that offers competitive overland transportation rates. The firm requires the goods be delivered to its manufacturing plant. Which of the following Incoterms
2020 rules should be used if the firm wants risk to transfer at the manufacturing plant?
- A. CIP
- B. DAP
- C. FCA
- D. FOB
正解：B
解説：
DAP (Delivered at Place) specifies that the seller bears all risks and costs until the goods are delivered to the specified location, in this case, the manufacturing plant. This ensures risk transfer at the point of delivery.
Reference: Incoterms 2020 by ICC.
質問 # 66
Which of the following is calculated by taking the selling price of the buyer's end product and subtracting the required profit?
- A. Target cost
- B. Total cost
- C. Allowable cost
- D. Should cost
正解：A
解説：
Target cost is determined by subtracting the required profit margin from the selling price of the end product.
This calculation helps in setting a cost benchmark that guides the firm's production and pricing strategies, ensuring profitability while meeting market price points.
質問 # 67
A supplier of aircraft seating receives a forecast from a major aircraft manufacturer. The forecast information is considered confidential, and thus the supplier must sign a Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA). Given this situation, which of the following is MOST likely to be protected by the NDA?
- A. The name of the end customer submitting the request for bid
- B. The time frame expected for completion
- C. The number of aircraft anticipated to be built
- D. The start date of the project
正解：C
解説：
The number of aircraft anticipated to be built is most likely to be protected by the Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA). This information is sensitive as it can reveal the scale of the project, future business plans, and production capabilities, which competitors could exploit if they gained access. The NDA ensures that the supplier keeps this information confidential to protect the interests of the aircraft manufacturer. Other details like the time frame, start date, and the name of the end customer are also important but the quantity of aircraft directly ties to the company's strategic plans and capacity. References:
*Bagley, C. E., & Dauchy, C. E. (2018). The Entrepreneur's Guide to Law and Strategy. Cengage Learning.
*Seidel, G. (2014). Negotiating Business Transactions: An Extended Simulation Course. Aspen Publishers.
質問 # 68
A firm wants to contract with two suppliers to develop a cellphone tower servicing five million customers. The new technology is required within the next 36 months and has a large budget. The following suppliers are under consideration:
*Supplier A - Has been in business for 20 years; however, every two to three years, its labor force goes on strike
*Supplier B - An established business located in an overseas country which may charge an additional 2% duty on some imported goods
*Supplier C - An established business which has been closed on recent occasions by governing authorities due to health and safety violations
*Supplier D - Has the smallest facilities and workforce of the four, but will be expanding over the next three months and has successfully subcontracted work in order to meet timelines Based on this information, which two suppliers offer the BEST capacity and capability?
- A. Suppliers C and D
- B. Suppliers A and C
- C. Suppliers B and D
- D. Suppliers A and B
正解：C
解説：
Suppliers B and D offer the best capacity and capability for the project. Supplier B is established and can handle large budgets, despite potential duties, while Supplier D is expanding and has a successful track record of subcontracting to meet deadlines. These factors make them the most reliable choices for meeting the project's requirements within the 36-month timeline. Reference: Supplier selection criteria in supply chain management.
質問 # 69
Which of the following holds the supplier responsible for ensuring that stock is maintained at appropriate levels and replenished when needed at the purchaser s facility'
- A. Re-order point system
- B. ABC analysis
- C. Consignment
- D. Vendor-managed inventory
正解：D
解説：
Vendor-managed inventory (VMI) places the responsibility on the supplier to maintain stock lev-els at the purchaser's facility. This system enhances supply chain efficiency, reduces inventory costs, and ensures timely replenishment based on actual consumption patterns.
質問 # 70
A manufacturing firm is preparing a materials requirement plan for the next six weeks. The information is as follows:
Master Production Schedule
Week123456
Item A51015202530
Other Relevant Information
ItemItem's ParentItem's Lead TimeItem's Lot SizeItem's Current Inventory ANone1 weekLFL20 BA2 weeks105 CB3 weeks205 How many levels does the product structure have in the bill of materials?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
正解：D
解説：
The bullwhip effect describes the phenomenon where order variability increases as it moves up the supply chain. In this case, XYZ Company's unpredictable order patterns cause Supplier A to maintain higher safety stock. This is due to demand fluctuations amplified by XYZ's overordering to compensate for stockouts, leading to inefficiencies and increased costs throughout the supply chain.
質問 # 71
When executing a new project, which of the following is MOST important to a smooth transition?
- A. Technological skills
- B. Collaboration
- C. Change management
- D. Continuous improvement
正解：C
解説：
Change management is crucial for smooth transitions in projects. It addresses the human and organizational aspects of change, ensuring stakeholder buy-in and reducing resistance. Effective change management facilitates successful implementation and integration of new initiatives. Reference: Kotter, J. P. (1996).
Leading Change.
質問 # 72
A company produces and distributes its products in the continental United States, mostly to customers located in metropolitan areas. The company conducts an ABC analysis to classify items, and determines that A and B items have variable demand, while C items have relatively stable demand. The logistics group wants to use this information to minimize transportation costs. Which of the following is the BEST combination of modes for the firm to use in order to minimize costs?
- A. Use intermodal rail for A and B items, air freight for C items, and motor carriage only as needed
- B. Use motor carriage for A and B items, intermodal rail for C items, and air freight only as needed
- C. Use air freight for A and B items, motor carriage for C items, and intermodal rail only as needed
- D. Use water service for A and B items, motor carriage for C items, and air freight only as needed
正解：B
解説：
To minimize transportation costs, the logistics group should use motor carriage for A and B items, intermodal rail for C items, and air freight only as needed. Motor carriage provides flexibility and is cost-effective for variable demand items (A and B items), especially when these items need timely deliveries in metropolitan areas. Intermodal rail is ideal for C items with stable demand as it is more cost-effective for transporting large volumes over long distances. Air freight, being the most expensive, should be reserved for urgent needs only.
This combination leverages the strengths of each transportation mode to optimize cost and efficiency.
References:
*Coyle, J. J., Langley, C. J., Novack, R. A., & Gibson, B. J. (2016). Supply Chain Manage-ment: A Logistics Perspective. Cengage Learning.
*Murphy, P. R., & Knemeyer, A. M. (2018). Contemporary Logistics. Pearson.
質問 # 73
A company finds that delays and cost overruns are creating problems in its service contracts. To improve this situation, which of the following should the firm do FIRST?
- A. Establish progress milestones and monitoring for existing contracts
- B. Convert cost reimbursable contracts into fixed prices
- C. Revise the company's standard contract template for all of its services
- D. Renegotiate pricing with current service suppliers
正解：A
解説：
Establishing progress milestones and monitoring allows the company to track performance and address issues promptly, reducing delays and cost overruns. It provides clear checkpoints and accountability in service contracts. References: Effective contract management involves setting measurable milestones to ensure timely and cost-effective project completion.
質問 # 74
A manufacturer has facilities around the world and purchases steel from various global markets. The firm uses decentralized purchasing, with a procurement team in each of its various markets. Management would like to see a corporate approach to steel procurement. Which of the following should the firm's supply manager recommend?
- A. A corporate steering committee to advise on strategy and act as a liaison with major suppliers
- B. A lead business unit for steel, to interface and handle procurement and strategy for each market
- C. Regional procurement groups that focus on steel negotiations and strategies for each market
- D. A sourcing committee with a representative from each market, to facilitate global steel strategy
正解：D
解説：
A sourcing committee with representatives from each market is recommended to facilitate a corporate approach to global steel procurement. This structure promotes coordination and unified strategies across markets, optimizing procurement processes and leveraging corporate buying power.
質問 # 75
Which of the following refers to the percentage of order requirements met through stock that is present on the shelf?
- A. Fill rate
- B. Inventory turnover
- C. Lead time
- D. Buffer stock
正解：A
質問 # 76
BCD, Inc. owns five warehouses in various locations around the country. Three of these warehouses are performing poorly. BCD asks supply management to review options for improving this situation. Which of following is the BEST course of action for supply management to take?
- A. Continue operating all the warehouses, but relocate the most important stock to the better-performing locations
- B. Conduct network redesign and optimization to support the business, increase productivity, and lower costs
- C. Close the three locations that are performing poorly, and move all the existing stock to the remaining two warehouses
- D. Determine the optimal number and Ideal locations of warehouses in order to serve the customer base most effectively
正解：B
解説：
Conducting network redesign and optimization is the best course of action. This approach analyz-es the entire supply chain network to improve performance, increase productivity, and reduce costs, ensuring that warehouse locations and operations align with business goals and customer needs.
質問 # 77
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