[Q42-Q65] 検証済みのCDCP問題集と解答で合格保証もしくは全額返金 [2024年07月]

検証済みのCDCP問題集と解答で合格保証もしくは全額返金 [2024年07月]

CDCPのPDF問題集で2024年07月09日最近更新された問題

質問 # 42
Which of statements below is true?

• A. Multi-mode cabling can cross longer distances.
• B. Single-mode cabling can use both LED and laser as a light source.
• C. Single-mode cabling is more expensive than multi-mode cabling.
• D. Multi-mode cabling is more expensive than single-mode cabling.

正解：C

解説：
Single-mode cabling and multi-mode cabling are two types of fiber optic cables that differ in their core diameter, wavelength, light source, bandwidth, distance, and cost. Single-mode cabling has a smaller core diameter and uses a laser as a light source, which enables it to transmit data over longer distances and higher bandwidths. However, single-mode cabling is also more expensive than multi-mode cabling, because it requires more precise alignmentand splicing, and more costly light sources and connectors. Multi-mode cabling has a larger core diameter and uses LEDs or VCSELs as a light source, which makes it cheaper and easier to install and maintain. However, multi-mode cabling also has a shorter distance and lower bandwidth than single-mode cabling, because it suffers from more modal dispersion and attenuation.
References:
1: Data Center Cabling: Single Mode vs Multimode Fibers2, page 1, section 1 3: Single Mode vs Multimode Fiber Cable Guide4, page 1, section 1 5: Single-Mode vs. Multi-Mode Fiber Cables: Explained6, page 1, section 1 7: 2 Types of Fiber Optic Cable: Single Mode vs. Multimode Fiber8, page 1, section 1

質問 # 43
What should be considered when implementing hot- or cold-aisle containment in an existing computer room?

• A. It creates potential issues with the existing fire suppression system(s).
• B. The delta-T of the equipment will increase too much causing reliability issues.
• C. Equipment will get too hot at the rear (back) of the rack potentially resulting in more ICT hardware failures.
• D. It will be more difficult to install power and network cabling in the contained area.

正解：A

解説：
Hot- or cold-aisle containment is a strategy to improve the cooling efficiency and reduce the energy consumption of data centers by isolating the hot exhaust air from the cold supply air. However, implementing this strategy in an existing computer room may create potential issues with the existing fire suppression system(s), such as:
*The containment barriers may interfere with the distribution and activation of the fire suppression agents, such as water, gas, or aerosol, and reduce their effectiveness in extinguishing a fire.
*The containment barriers may create pockets of high temperature and pressure that could damage the equipment or the containment structure itself in the event of a fire.
*The containment barriers may obstruct the access and visibility of the fire detection and alarm devices, such as smoke detectors, heat sensors, or manual call points, and delay the response time of the fire suppression system(s).
*The containment barriers may violate the local fire codes and regulations that specify the minimum clearance and ventilation requirements for the data center.
Therefore, when implementing hot- or cold-aisle containment in an existing computer room, it is important to consider the impact on the existing fire suppression system(s) and take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and compliance of the data center, such as:
*Consulting with the fire authorities and the fire suppression system vendor to assess the compatibility and suitability of the containment solution with the existing fire suppression system(s).
*Modifying or upgrading the existing fire suppression system(s) to accommodate the containment solution, such as relocating or adding fire suppression devices, adjusting the discharge rate and pressure, or installing a secondary fire suppression system within the contained area.
*Installing fire-rated containment barriers that can withstand high temperatures and resist the spread of fire and smoke, and that have self-closing or automatic release mechanisms in case of a fire.
*Installing fire detection and alarm devices within the contained area and ensuring their proper integration and communication with the existing fire suppression system(s).
*Conducting regular testing and maintenance of the fire suppression system(s) and the containment solution to ensure their functionality and reliability.
References: EPI Data Centre Framework, Module 4: Fire Protection, page 10-11. EPI Data Centre Professional (CDCP®) Reference Materials, page 66-67. 1, 2, 3.

質問 # 44
What needs to be installed in the battery room when using Lithium-ion batteries?

• A. A battery management system to monitor and prevent unsafe temperatures during charging/discharging.
• B. A proper supply of distilled water.
• C. High capacity air-conditioning equipment since Lithium-ion batteries are sensitive to high temperatures, which can reduce their lifetime.
• D. A proper ventilation system since Lithium-ion batteries produce highly flammable Hydrogen gas during charging.

正解：A

解説：
According to the EPI Data Centre Training Framework, lithium-ion batteries are becoming more popular in data centres due to their higher energy density, longer lifespan, and lower maintenance costs compared to lead-acid batteries1. However, lithium-ion batteries also have some drawbacks, such as higher initial cost, stricter safety requirements, and potential thermal runaway risks1. Therefore, a battery management system (BMS) is essential to monitor and control the voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge of each battery cell or module, and to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, or overheating23. A BMS can also communicate with the UPS system and provide information on the battery status, performance, and health2.
References: 1: EPI Data Centre Training Framework, Module 5: Power, Section 5.3.2: Battery Technologies, Page 5-19 2: Benefits of Lithium-ion batteries for data centers at the edge,Data Center Knowledge, Page 1 3:
Lithium-Ion Batteries in Data Centers, Data Center Systems, Inc, Page 1

質問 # 45
Which Class of Fire involves combustible metals or combustible metal alloys such as magnesium, sodium and potassium?

• A. Class C
• B. Class D
• C. Class B
• D. Class A

正解：B

解説：
Class D fires involve combustible metals or combustible metal alloys such as magnesium, sodium and potassium. These metals can react violently with water, air, or other chemicals, and require special extinguishing agents1 References: 1: EPI Data Centre Professional (CDCP®) Reference Materials, page 16.

質問 # 46
Which one of the following does a Physical Infrastructure consists of in a Data Centre?

• A. Hub
• B. Switch
• C. Rack
• D. Server

正解：C

解説：
A physical infrastructure in a Data Center consists of racks, which are metal frames used to store and organize server and other IT equipment. The racks are usually arranged in rows and columns, and they can be used to hold servers, storage devices, and other pieces of IT equipment. The racks can also be used to organize cables and other components to ensure that the Data Center is kept organized and efficient.

質問 # 47
A fire extinguisher in the data centre is found which is classed as ABC.
Is this suitable?

• A. Only for fires not related to electrical power
• B. Depends on the brand
• C. Yes
• D. No

正解：D

解説：
A fire extinguisher in the data centre that is classed as ABC is not suitable, because it contains dry chemical powder that can damage the ICT equipment and the data. ABC fire extinguishers are designed to fight Class A, B, and C fires, which are fueled by combustible materials, flammable liquids or gases, and electrical equipment, respectively. However, the dry chemical powder can leave a corrosive residue on the ICT equipment, which can cause short circuits, data loss, or malfunction. Moreover, the dry chemical powder can be difficult to clean, especially from the small spaces and crevices of the ICT equipment. Therefore, ABC fire extinguishers are not recommended for data centres, and should be replaced with more suitable fire extinguishers, such as clean agent fire extinguishers, which use gas or liquid that does not leave any residue or harm the ICT equipment.
References:
1: CDCP Preparation Guide, page 24, section 2.4.3 2: Data Center Fire Suppression: Overview & Protection Guide3, page 1, section 1 4: Fire Extinguisher Classes and Suitability5, page 1, section 1 6: SAFETY DATA SHEET Commercial ABC Dry Chemical (Fire Extinguishing Agent ...7, page 1,

質問 # 48
Which one of the following is an example of Direct Cost?

• A. Negative public relations
• B. Damaged brand perception
• C. Legal fees
• D. Reduced customer satisfaction

正解：C

解説：
Legal fees are an example of direct cost because they can be directly attributed to a specific project, product, or service. Legal fees are incurred for the purpose of obtaining legal advice, drafting contracts, resolving disputes, or complying with regulations related to the core business activity. Legal fees are not general overhead expenses that are shared by multiple cost objects.
References: EPI Data Centre Training Framework, CDCP Preparation Guide, Direct Cost - Overview, Examples, Tax Implications

質問 # 49
Escape route signage should be placed where?

• A. Only at the main entrance of the data centre building
• B. At every door providing a pathway
• C. At every door including riser doors, doors of storage closets etc.
• D. Only at emergency escape doors

正解：B

解説：
Escape route signage should be placed at every door providing a pathway to the exit or the assembly area, according to the CDCP Preparation Guide1 and the EU Safety/Health Signs Directive2. Escape route signage is used to guide the occupants of the data centre fromwherever they are in the building, via a place of relative safety (the escape route), to the place of ultimate safety (the assembly area). Escape route signage should not be limited to only emergency escape doors or the main entrance of the data centre building, as these may not be accessible or visible from all locations. Escape route signage should also not include doors that do not lead to the exit or the assembly area, such as riser doors, doors of storage closets, or doors of other rooms, as these may confuse or mislead the occupants. Escape route signage should be placed at every door that provides a pathway to the exit or the assembly area, and should indicate the direction and distance of the escape route using pictograms, arrows, and words. Escape route signage should also be designed and installed in accordance with the relevant standards and codes, such as BS 5499 and ISO 7010.
References:
1: CDCP Preparation Guide, page 24, section 2.4.3 2: EU Safety/Health Signs Directive3, page 1, section 1

質問 # 50
The temperature and humidity values indicated on the display of the Computer room air conditioner unit are the values measured at which point?

• A. It is the value measured at the intake of the air conditioner.
• B. It is the value measured at the front of the rack of the aisle the air conditioner is situated.
• C. It is the value measured at the exhaust (outlet) of the air conditioner.
• D. It is the average value between the intake and exhaust (outlet) of the air conditioner.

正解：A

解説：
According to the IBM document on temperature and humidity design criteria1, the temperature and humidity values indicated on the display of the computer room air conditioner unit are the values measured at the intake of the air conditioner. This is because the intake is where the air conditioner draws the air from the computer room and cools and dehumidifies it before sending it back to the computer room. The display shows the current conditions of the computer room air, which are used to adjust the cooling and dehumidifying operations of the air conditioner. The values measured at the exhaust (outlet) of the air conditioner are not displayed, as they are not relevant for the computer room environment. The values measured at the front of the rack of the aisle the air conditioner is situated are also not displayed, as they may vary depending on the distance and location of the rack. The average value between the intake and exhaust (outlet) of the air conditioner is not displayed, as it does not reflect the actual conditions of the computer room air or the air conditioner performance.
References: 1: Temperature and humidity design criteria - IBM

質問 # 51
An optical fiber cable comes with the specifications 50/125 um.
What do the numbers represent?

• A. The first number represents the diameter of the core; the second number represents the actual diameter cable including the buffer and jacket.
• B. The first number represents the distance for a 10 Gb/s connection; the second number represents the distance for a 1 Gb/s connection.
• C. The first number represents the required distance to single-phase power cabling; the second number represents the required distance to three-phase cabling.
• D. The first number represents the diameter of the core; the second number represents the diameter of the cladding in microns.

正解：D

解説：
Optical fiber cables are composed of a core, a cladding, and a coating. The core is the central part of the fiber that carries the light signal. The cladding is the layer surrounding the core that reflects the light back into the core and prevents signal loss. The coating is the protective layer that covers the cladding and provides mechanical strength and environmental protection. The specifications of an optical fiber cable indicate the dimensions of the core and the cladding in microns (m), which are one millionth of a meter. For example, a
50/125 m cable has a core diameter of 50 m and a cladding diameter of 125 m. The coating diameter is usually
250 m, but it is not part of the specifications.
References: Multimode Optical Fiber Selection & Specification - Corning, Optical Fiber OM3 (50/125µm Multimode Fiber), 50/125 Graded-Index OM2 Optical Fiber - OFS

質問 # 52
The UPS vendor is offering the latest model of their UPS to you. The vendor indicates that the UPS is categorized as VFD class.
Is this UPS a fit for your mission-critical data centre?

• A. Yes
• B. Yes, but only if they install it with a 12-pulse rectifier.
• C. No
• D. Yes, but only if you oversize the battery bank with 10%.

正解：C

解説：
A UPS (uninterruptible power supply) that is categorized as VFD class is not a fit for your mission-critical data centre, because it does not provide adequate protection against voltage and frequency variations. VFD stands for Voltage and Frequency Dependent, which means that the output voltage and frequency of the UPS depend on the input voltage and frequency. VFD UPSs are also known as offline, standby, or line-interactive UPSs. They typically switch to battery power only when the input power fails or goes beyond a certain threshold. However, this switching may cause a brief interruption or a transient in the output power, which can affect the performance and reliability of the ICT equipment. Moreover, VFD UPSs do not filter or regulate the input power, which means that they pass on any voltage or frequency fluctuations, harmonics, or noise to the output power. These power quality issues can also damage or degrade the ICT equipment and the data.
For your mission-critical data centre, you need a UPS that is categorized as VFI class, which stands for Voltage and Frequency Independent. VFI UPSs are also known as online, continuous, or double-conversion UPSs. They provide a constant and clean output power that is independent of the input power. VFI UPSs convert the input AC power to DC power, and then convert it back to AC power with the desired voltage and frequency. This double conversion process isolates the output power from the input power, and eliminates any power quality issues. VFI UPSs also have zero switching time, which means that they do not cause any interruption or transient in the output power when switching to battery power. VFI UPSs are designed to protect the ICT equipment and the data from any adverse effects of voltage and frequency variations, and to ensure the highest level of availability and reliability.
References:
1: CDCP Preparation Guide, page 17, section 2.3.1 2: Understanding UPS Classification: Fuji Electric's Technical Guide3, page 1, section 1 4: Uninterruptible Power Supplies Key Product Criteria5, page 1, section
1 6: UPS Function: Reduced Input Voltage for VFDs - KEB7, page 1, section 1

質問 # 53
What is the current recommended temperature for ICT equipment as described in the ASHREA TC 9.9 guideline?

• A. 18-27 C (64.4 - 80.6°F)
• B. 20-40 °C (68 - 104 °F)
• C. 25-45 °C (77 - 113 °F)
• D. 8-18 C (46.4 -64.4 °F)

正解：A

解説：
The current recommended temperature for ICT equipment as described in the ASHRAE TC 9.9 guideline is
18-27 C (64.4 - 80.6°F). This is the recommended range for the dry-bulb temperature at the inlet of the servers, which is the most critical parameter for ensuring the optimal performance and reliability of the ICT equipment. The recommended range is based on the thermal specifications of the majority of the ICT equipment in the market, as well as the energy efficiency and environmental considerations of the data centre cooling systems. The recommended range is suitable for Classes A1 to A4 of the ASHRAE thermal guideline classes, which cover different types and generations of ICT equipment.
References:
1: 2021 Equipment Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments - ASHRAE2, page 1, Table 2.1 3:
ASHRAE TC9.9 Data Center Power Equipment Thermal Guidelines and Best Practices4, page 10, section 2.1
5: Does your Data Center Follow ASHRAE TC 9.9 Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments?6, page 1, section 1

質問 # 54
Which Class of Fires involves energized electrical equipment?

• A. Class C
• B. Class B
• C. Class A
• D. Class K

正解：A

解説：
Class C fires involve energized electrical equipment, such as computers, servers, switches, cables, and wiring.
These fires require the use of non-conductive extinguishing agents, such as carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or clean agent, to prevent electrical shock and damage to the equipment. Water-based extinguishers, such as Class A or K, are not suitable for Class C fires, as water can conduct electricity and cause electrocution or short circuits.
References: EPI Data Centre Training Framework, CDCP Preparation Guide, ABCs of Fire Extinguishers

質問 # 55
Which type of Humidifier is composed of water-filled canister containing electrodes?

• A. Ultrasonic Humidifier
• B. Steam Canister Humidifier
• C. Infrared Humidifiers
• D. Water Canister Humidifier

正解：B

解説：
A steam canister humidifier is a type of humidifier that uses electricity to heat water in a canister containing electrodes. The water conductivity and the water level determine the amount of current and steam production.
The steam canister humidifier is also known as an electrode boiler humidifier or an electrode steam humidifier123.
References: 1: EPI Data Centre Professional (CDCP®) Reference Materials, page 192: Electrode and resistive type humidifiers compared | steamovap technologies inc3: Know-How | Electrode Steam Humidifier - Condair Group.

質問 # 56
Which one of the following is a device that uses circulating chilled water to remove heat?

• A. Computer Room Air Suspension Unit (CRAS)
• B. Computer Room Air Suppression Unit (CRAS)
• C. Computer Room Air System Unit (CRAS)
• D. Computer Room Air Handling Unit (CRAH)

正解：D

解説：
A computer room air handling unit (CRAH) is a device that uses circulating chilled water to remove heat from the data center environment. A CRAH consists of a fan, a coil, and a filter. The fan draws the warm air from the data center and passes it through the coil, where the heat is transferred to the chilled water. The chilled water is supplied by a chiller or a cooling tower, and the cooled air is returned to the data center. A CRAH is different from a computer room air conditioning unit (CRAC), which uses a refrigerant instead of chilled water to cool the air.
References:
*EPI Data Centre Professional (CDCP®) Preparation Guide, page 36
*Chilled Water Systems: Applications and Common Uses
*The Principles of Basic Refrigeration: What is a chiller?

質問 # 57
Which one of the following is an Objective of Data Center Fire Protection?

• A. Information
• B. Depression
• C. Representation
• D. Suppression

正解：D

解説：
The objective of data center fire protection is to suppress or extinguish a fire before it can cause significant damage to the equipment, personnel, or business continuity. Fire suppression systems are designed to reduce the heat, oxygen, or fuel elements of the fire triangle, and to limit the spread of fire and smoke. Fire suppression systems can be classified into two types: water-based and gas-based. Water-based systems include sprinklers, mist, and water spray systems, which use water as the extinguishing agent. Gas-based systems include inert gas, halocarbon, and clean agent systems, which use gases or chemicals as the extinguishing agent. The choice of fire suppression system depends on several factors, such as the fire risk, the type of fuel, the environmental impact, the reliability, the cost, and the compatibility with the data center equipment and operations.
References:
*EPI Data Centre Professional (CDCP®) Preparation Guide, page 31
*A Comprehensive Approach To Data Center Fire Safety

質問 # 58
Which formula can be used to define risk?

• A. Risk = Security * Criminality
• B. Risk = Time * Quality
• C. Risk = Probability * Cost
• D. Risk = Impact * Probability

正解：D

解説：
According to the CDCP Preparation Guide1, risk can be defined as the product of impact and probability.
Impact is the measure of the negative consequences or losses that may result from a risk event, such as downtime, data loss, or damage to the data centre. Probability is the measure of the likelihood or frequency of a risk event occurring, based on historical data, expert judgment, or statistical analysis. By multiplying impact and probability, risk can be quantified and compared, which helps in prioritizing and mitigating the risks. For example, a risk event that has a high impact but a low probability may have the same risk level as a risk event that has a low impact but a high probability.
References:
1: CDCP Preparation Guide, page 25, section 2.5.1 2: Data center risk assessment: A decision-making tool3, page 1, section 1 4: Accounting for Risk in Your Data Center Design/Build Strategy5, page 1, section 1 6: A Novel Framework for Data Center Risk Assessment7, page 1, section 1

質問 # 59
Which source is used in fiber cable to transmit data?

• A. Signals
• B. Pulse
• C. Light
• D. Electric

正解：C

解説：
Fiber-optic cables use light as the source to transmit data. Light pulses are modulated to carry information through an optical fiber. The light is confined in the core of the fiber by total internal reflection at the core-cladding interface. The light travels along the fiber with minimal loss or interference, making it suitable for long-distance and high-bandwidth applications.
References: EPI Data Centre Training Framework, Principle of Data transmission through fiber optic cables, Fiber-optic communication

質問 # 60
The expected time to Recover/Repair from a system from a failure is defined as.

• A. MTTR
• B. MLBF
• C. MTBF
• D. MCBF

正解：A

解説：
The expected time to recover or repair from a system from a failure is defined as MTTR (mean time to recovery or mean time to repair). MTTR is the average time it takes to restore a system or product to its normal operation after a failure. MTTR includes the time spent on detecting, diagnosing, and fixing the problem. MTTR is an important metric for measuring the reliability and availability of a system or product, as well as the efficiency and effectiveness of the incident management process. A lower MTTR indicates a faster and more reliable recovery or repair process.
References:
*EPI Data Centre Professional (CDCP®) Preparation Guide, page 17
*What is MTTR? | IBM
*Explained: All Meanings of MTTR and Other Incident Metrics

質問 # 61
What is the main risk for a data centre when the water supply fails?

• A. Failure to the water supply could result in DX cooling systems to fail.
• B. Failure to the water supply could result in IT failure and/or denial of access to operate.
• C. Failure to the water supply could cause issues for the cooling of back-up generators.
• D. Failure to the water supply could result in sudden changes of the relative humidity in the Computer room.

正解：C

解説：
Back-up generators are essential for providing power to the data centre in case of a utility outage. However, back-up generators also generate a lot of heat, which needs to be dissipated by a cooling system. The cooling system may rely on water supply, either from the municipal network or from a dedicated tank. If the water supply fails, the cooling system may not function properly, leading to overheating and potential damage to the generators. This could compromise the reliability and availability of the data centre power supply and cause downtime or data loss.
References:
1: CDCP Preparation Guide, page 18, section 2.3.2 2: Data Center Generator Cooling Systems3, page 1, section 1 4: Data Center Cooling Systems5, page 1, section 1

質問 # 62
What are the four main components of a refrigeration circuit?

• A. Thermostat, monitoring interface, indoor unit, outdoor unit
• B. Evaporation, membrane filter, monitor sensor, pressure valve
• C. Condenser, expansion valve, buffer tank, de-icing unit
• D. Evaporator, compressor, condenser, expansion valve

正解：D

解説：
The four main components of a refrigeration circuit are the evaporator, the compressor, the condenser, and the expansion valve, according to the CDCP Preparation Guide1 and various web sources234. A refrigeration circuit is a system that transfers heat from a low-temperature region to a high-temperature region, using a working fluid called refrigerant. The refrigeration circuit operates in a closed loop, where the refrigerant changes its state from liquid to vapor and back to liquid, while absorbing and releasing heat. The four main components of the refrigeration circuit perform the following functions:
*The evaporator is a heat exchanger that absorbs heat from the low-temperature region, such as the data centre room, and transfers it to the refrigerant. The refrigerant enters the evaporator as a low-pressure, low-temperature liquid, and leaves the evaporator as a low-pressure, low-temperature vapor.
*The compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant vapor.
The refrigerant enters the compressor as a low-pressure, low-temperature vapor, and leaves the compressor as a high-pressure, high-temperature vapor.
*The condenser is another heat exchanger that releases heat from the refrigerant to the high-temperature region, such as the outside air or water. The refrigerant enters the condenser as a high-pressure, high-temperature vapor, and leaves the condenser as a high-pressure, low-temperature liquid.
*The expansion valve is a device that reduces the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant liquid. The refrigerant enters the expansion valve as a high-pressure, low-temperature liquid, and leaves the expansion valve as a low-pressure, low-temperature liquid. The expansion valve also controls the flow of the refrigerant into the evaporator, depending on the cooling load.
References:
1: CDCP Preparation Guide, page 19, section 2.3.3 2: The Refrigeration Cycle5, page 1, section 1 3:
Fundamentals of Cooling in Data Center6, page 1, section 1 4: The Refrigeration System, Its Four Main Components, And Their Functions7, page 1, section 1

質問 # 63
Cost of Downtime can be classified as.

• A. Classified and Declassified
• B. Mean and Median
• C. Direct and Indirect
• D. Up and Down

正解：C

解説：
Cost of downtime is the total amount of money lost due to a data centre outage or disruption. It can be classified into two categories: direct and indirect. Direct costs are the immediate and measurable expenses incurred during or after an outage, such as lost revenue, lost productivity, recovery costs, compensation costs, penalties, etc. Indirect costs are the long-term and intangible impacts of an outage, such as reputation damage, customer dissatisfaction, loss of market share, legal liabilities, etc. Both direct and indirect costs can vary depending on the type, duration, and severity of the outage, as well as the industry, size, and location of the data centre.
References:
*EPI Data Centre Training Framework1
*EPI Data Centre Competence Framework2
*Understanding the Cost of Data Center Downtime3
*Uptime Institute's 2022 Outage Analysis Finds Downtime Costs and Consequences Worsening
*[INFOGRAPHIC] The Cost of Downtime: 21 Stats You Need to Know

質問 # 64
Which one of the following is a Natural Disaster?

• A. Grid Failure
• B. Hurricanes
• C. Blackouts
• D. Human Error

正解：B

解説：
According to the CDCP® Preparation Guide, a natural disaster is a catastrophic event that is caused by natural forces and has a significant impact on human lives, property, and environment. Hurricanes are examples of natural disasters, as they are powerful storms that form over warm ocean waters and produce strong winds, heavy rain, storm surges, and flooding. Grid failure, blackouts, and human error are not natural disasters, but rather man-made or technological disasters that result from failures or errors in human systems or activities.
References: CDCP® Preparation Guide, page 9. Natural Disaster Readiness for Data Centers. EM-DAT - The international disaster database. PDC Global - Pacific Disaster Center.

質問 # 65
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