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USGBC LEED-Green-AssociateのPDF問題格別な練習LEED Green Associate Exam
質問 # 99
Designers and builders can construct a green building that uses significantly less water than a conventional building by incorporating which opportunity?
- A. Invasive plant landscapes
- B. Use of potable water
- C. Not tracking water metering
- D. Native plant landscapes
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
Designers and builders can construct a green building that uses significantly less water than a conventional building by incorporating native plant landscapes. Native plant landscapes are plants that are adapted to the local climate and soil conditions, and require little or no irrigation, fertilization, or pesticides. They also provide habitat for wildlife, reduce stormwater runoff, and enhance the aesthetic value of the site. The LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook states that one of the intents of the Sustainable Sites category is to
"conserve water by using native or adapted plants" [1, p. 13]. References: [LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook], [Native Plants | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]
質問 # 100
The LEED Project team performs an initial review that indicates 34 credit points can be achieved from the credit categories. How many additional points would result in the project achieving LEED Silver?
- A. 30 additional points
- B. 20 additional points
- C. 10 additional points
- D. 15 additional points
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
LEED certification is awarded based on the number of points a project earns across several categories of green building performance. The range of points required to achieve LEED Silver is 50-59, out of a possible 110 points. The other levels of LEED certification are: Certified (40-49 points), Gold (60-79 points), and Platinum (80 or more points)12. Therefore, if a project initially has 34 credit points, it would need 20 additional points to reach the minimum threshold for LEED Silver. References: LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook1, LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide2
質問 # 101
An owner of newly acquired land wants to design a building that uses materials that have minimal impact on the environment. Which of the following strategies would help achieve this goal?
- A. Life-cycle assessment
- B. Life-cycle costing
C Simple payback - C. Environmental assessment
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
A life-cycle assessment (LCA) is a strategy that can help an owner of newly acquired land design a building that uses materials that have minimal impact on the environment. An LCA is a method that evaluates the environmental impacts of a product or material over its entire life cycle, from extraction to disposal. An LCA can measure the impacts on various categories, such as energy use, water use, greenhouse gas emissions, resource depletion, and waste generation. An LCA can help compare different products or materials based on their environmental performance and select the ones that have the lowest impact13. References: LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook1, EPA's Life Cycle Assessment3
質問 # 102
Which of the following may be awarded to a Green Building professional who "distinguishes professional leadership, contribution to the standards of practice and body of knowledge and continual improvement in the field"?
- A. LEED Fellow
- B. LEED for Homes Green Rater
- C. LEED AP
- D. LEED Green Associate
正解：D
質問 # 103
For benchmarking purposes, a baseline building performance is evaluated (by means of energy simul-ation model), as defined in
- A. ASHRAE 55-2010
- B. ASHRAE 52.2-2007
- C. ASHRAE 90.1-2010. Appendix G
- D. ASHRAE 62 1-2010
正解：C
解説：
ASHRAE 90.1-2010, Appendix G is the referenced standard for defining the baseline building performance for energy simulation modeling in LEED v4 for Building Design and Construction. The baseline building is a hypothetical building that represents the minimum energy performance required by ASHRAE 90.1-2010, which is a standard for energy efficiency in buildings. The baseline building is used as a benchmark to compare the proposed design of the project and to calculate the percentage of energy cost savings achieved by the project. The baseline building performance is evaluated by following the procedures and assumptions specified in Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1-2010, such as building envelope, lighting, HVAC systems, service water heating, and renewable energy.
The other options are not relevant to the question, as they are standards for different aspects of green building, such as thermal comfort (ASHRAE 55-2010), air filtration (ASHRAE 52.2-2007), and ventilation (ASHRAE 62.1-2010).
質問 # 104
When a developer builds a new shopping center in a rural area, one externality might be
- A. an increase in traffic on adjacent roads
- B. an increase in profits for the developer
- C. an increase in the fees for customer parking
- D. an increase in installation of rooftop solar
正解：A
解説：
An externality is a consequence of an economic activity that affects other parties who are not directly involved in the activity. Externalities can be positive or negative, depending on whether they create benefits or costs for others. When a developer builds a new shopping center in a rural area, one externality might be an increase in traffic on adjacent roads. This is a negative externality because it imposes costs on other road users who are not part of the development project, such as increased travel time, fuel consumption, air pollution, noise pollution, and accident risk13. Reference: LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook1, Investopedia's Externality
質問 # 105
Which of the following components comprise the Indoor Environmental Quality credit category?
- A. Community connectivity, tobacco smoke control, green cleaning
- B. Light, sound, occupant experience
- C. Recycled content, low Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) emissions materials, non point source pollution
- D. Energy, site, water reduction
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
Light, sound, occupant experience are some of the components that comprise the Indoor Environmental Quality credit category. The Indoor Environmental Quality credit category aims to provide a healthy, comfortable, and productive indoor environment for building occupants by addressing various factors that affect their well-being, such as thermal comfort, lighting quality, acoustic quality, air quality, and occupant control. The LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook states that one of the intents of the Indoor Environmental Quality category is to "enhance indoor environmental quality (IEQ) by improving the design, construction and operation of buildings" [1, p. 16]. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook,
[Indoor Environmental Quality | U.S. Green Building Council]
質問 # 106
An owner of newly acquired land wants to design a building that uses materials that have minimal impact on the environment. Which of the following strategies would help achieve this goal?
- A. Life-cycle costing
C Simple payback - B. Life-cycle assessment
- C. Environmental assessment
正解：A
質問 # 107
Which of the following demonstrates life-cycle approach to development or design?
- A. Renovating an existing building using recycled and salvaged building materials
- B. Designing a building envelope with the most advanced technology to maximize insulation values, regardless of what materials are used
- C. Purchasing and demolishing a 100-year-old apartment building to build a new. energy-efficient building
- D. Locating a new building in a dense district with a diversity of uses and plentiful transit routes
正解：A
解説：
Renovating an existing building using recycled and salvaged building materials is an example of a life-cycle approach to development or design. A life-cycle approach is an approach that considers the environmental impacts of a product or a project from cradle to grave, or from extraction of raw materials to disposal or reuse. Renovating an existing building using recycled and salvaged building materials reduces the environmental impacts associated with new construction, such as land use change, resource depletion, energy consumption, waste generation, and greenhouse gas emissions. The LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook states that one of the intents of the Materials and Resources category is to "promote life-cycle assessment as a means of evaluating environmental impacts" [1, p. 15]. Reference: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, [Life Cycle Assessment | U.S. Department of Energy]
質問 # 108
Which of the following is an Environmental Concern when referring to Energy and Atmosphere?
- A. Occupant comfort
- B. Resource depletion
- C. Ventilation levels
- D. Use of native species
正解：B
解説：
Resource depletion is a major environmental concern related to energy use. The extraction and use of non-renewable energy resources (such as fossil fuels) can lead to their depletion over time. This is why strategies that reduce energy use or utilize renewable energy sources are important in green building practices. Reference: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 109
LEED considers products to be environmentally preferable materials when they are
- A. cost effective
- B. locally extracted, manufactured and purchased
- C. transported by air rather than rail
- D. materials with more life-cycle impact
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
LEED considers products to be environmentally preferable when they are locally extracted, manufactured, and purchased. This is because local sourcing reduces the environmental impact associated with transportation, supports local economies, and can often ensure that the materials are suitable for the local climate and conditions. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 110
A project plans to build a campus of buildings. Which of the following strategies should the project team consider to reduce energy demand?
- A. Design buildings to shade each other
- B. Purchase carbon offsets
- C. Enroll in a demand response program
- D. Select HVAC equipment without refriqerants
正解：A
質問 # 111
A project has 16 employees working for four hours per day, 20 employees working six hours per day, and 10 employees working eight hours per day. What is the Full Time Equivalent (FTE) occupancy of the project?
- A. 33
- B. 0
- C. 1
- D. 2
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The Full Time Equivalent (FTE) occupancy of a project is a measure of how many people occupy a building or space on a regular basis. The FTE occupancy is calculated by dividing the total number of hours worked by all occupants in a week by the standard weekly hours for one FTE occupant. The standard weekly hours for one FTE occupant is typically 40 hours per week1 . For this project, the FTE occupancy is calculated as follows:
16 employees x 4 hours/day x 5 days/week = 320 hours/week 20 employees x 6 hours/day x 5 days/week =
600 hours/week 10 employees x 8 hours/day x 5 days/week = 400 hours/week Total hours/week = 1320 hours/week FTE occupancy = 1320 hours/week / 40 hours/week = 33 Therefore, the FTE occupancy of the project is 33. References: LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook1, LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide
質問 # 112
LEED considers products to be environmentally preferable materials when they are
- A. cost effective
- B. locally extracted, manufactured and purchased
- C. transported by air rather than rail
- D. materials with more life-cycle impact
正解：B
質問 # 113
A building owner has set a goal of reducing water use by 20% for the upcoming year. Which of the following strategies will aid in reducing indoor water demand to achieve the water reduction goal set by the owner?
- A. Using potable water for flush functions
- B. Installing dual-flush toilets
- C. Installing building-level water meters
- D. Collecting rainwater in cisterns
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
Installing dual-flush toilets can significantly reduce indoor water demand. Dual-flush toilets have two flush options: a half flush for liquid waste and a full flush for solid waste. By using less water for liquid waste, these toilets can reduce overall water consumption by up to 30%, helping to achieve the owner's water reduction goal. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 114
The use of native plant species, captured rainwater and evapotranspiration controllers are all strategies that contribute to
- A. stormwater runoff control
- B. process water reduction
- C. reducing graywater demand
- D. outdoor water use reduction
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The use of native plant species, captured rainwater, and evapotranspiration controllers are all strategies that can contribute to reducing outdoor water use. Native plants are adapted to local conditions and typically require less water than non-native species. Captured rainwater can be used for irrigation, reducing the need for potable water. Evapotranspiration controllers adjust irrigation schedules based on weather conditions and plant needs, preventing overwatering. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 115
Which third party certification is recommended to use when specifying sustainable cleaning products?
- A. Design for the Environment
- B. Greenguard"
- C. Green Label Plus*
- D. Green Seal"
正解：D
解説：
Green Seal is a third-party certification program that evaluates the environmental impacts of cleaning products and services. It has standards for various categories of products, such as cleaners, paper products, hand soaps, and floor care. Green Seal certified products meet rigorous performance, health, and environmental criteria. By using Green Seal certified products, projects can reduce the exposure of building occupants and maintenance personnel to potentially harmful chemicals, improve indoor air quality, and support sustainable purchasing practices. Reference: LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Operations and Maintenance, p. 109 1; Green Seal website
質問 # 116
Which statement is the U.S. Green Building Council vision?
- A. A transformed built environment leading to a sustainable future
- B. To transform the building and construction sector across three strategic areas - climate action, health and wellbeing and resources and circularity
- C. Buildings and communities will regenerate and sustain the health and vitality of all life within a generation
- D. Meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement and improving the lives of millions of citizens through better buildings
正解：C
解説：
The statement that is the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) vision is: Buildings and communities will regenerate and sustain the health and vitality of all life within a generation. USGBC is a non-profit organization that promotes sustainability in the building industry through its LEED rating system, education programs, advocacy initiatives, and research projects. USGBC's vision reflects its commitment to transforming the built environment into one that supports human health, environmental quality, social equity, and economic prosperity1 . Reference: LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook1, USGBC's Vision
質問 # 117
Which class of refrigerants contributes the most to ozone depletion potential (ODP)?
- A. Ammonia (NH3)
- B. Hydrochlorofluorocarbons {HCFCs}
- C. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
- D. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
正解：D
解説：
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are the class of refrigerants that contribute the most to ozone depletion potential (ODP). Ozone depletion potential is a measure of how much a substance can damage the ozone layer in the stratosphere, which protects life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation. CFCs are synthetic chemicals that contain chlorine, fluorine, and carbon atoms. They were widely used as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, solvents, and foam blowing agents until they were phased out by the Montreal Protocol due to their high ODP. The LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook states that one of the strategies for achieving energy and atmosphere efficiency is to "eliminate chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in new building HVAC&R systems" [1, p. 15]. Reference: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, [Ozone Depletion Potential | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]
質問 # 118
Which credit category attempts to reduce light pollution and discourages the development of previously undeveloped land?
- A. Sustainable Sites
- B. Energy and Atmosphere
- C. Regional Priority
- D. Location and Transportation
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The Sustainable Sites (SS) category addresses the site selection, design, construction, and operation of a project, as well as its impacts on the natural and built environment. One of the goals of this category is to reduce light pollution and discourage the development of previously undeveloped land. Light pollution is the excessive or inappropriate use of artificial lighting that can have adverse effects on human health, wildlife, ecosystems, and astronomy. Previously undeveloped land is land that has not been graded, cleared, or built upon prior to the current project and remains in a natural state. Developing previously undeveloped land can result in habitat loss, soil erosion, stormwater runoff, and increased infrastructure costs13. References: LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook1, LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide3
質問 # 119
Light trespass beyond the project boundary can be prevented by the use of
- A. shielded light fixtures
- B. up-lighting fixtures
- C. increasing the number of light fixtures
- D. flood light fixtures
正解：A
解説：
Shielded light fixtures are designed to direct light downwards and prevent it from spilling over into areas where it's not wanted, such as beyond the project boundary. This helps to prevent light trespass, which can be a form of pollution that disrupts ecosystems and human sleep patterns. Reference: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 120
The intent of waste management in the Materials and Resources credit category is to
- A. specify the use of green materials
- B. promote the use of rapidly renewable resources
- C. reduce the amount of waste and toxins hauled to landfills
- D. increase the use of pre-consumer/post-consumer recycled content
正解：C
解説：
The intent of waste management in the Materials and Resources credit category is to reduce the amount of waste and toxins hauled to landfills. This can be achieved through strategies such as recycling, composting, reusing materials, and reducing overall material consumption. By reducing waste, we can conserve natural resources, reduce pollution from waste treatment and disposal processes, and decrease the demand for landfill space. Reference: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 121
Which label or certification indicates reduced water consumption for appliances?
- A. GREENGUARD
- B. ENERGY STAR
- C. ASHRAE 90.1
- D. ISO 14001:2015
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
ENERGY STAR is a program run by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and U.S. Department of Energy that promotes energy efficiency. Products that earn the ENERGY STAR label meet strict criteria for energy efficiency and often for water efficiency as well, helping consumers save money on utility bills and protect the environment through energy-efficient products and practices. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 122
Which strategy promotes sustainable purchasing during construction?
- A. Implement an erosion and sedimentation plan
- B. Reduce regional materials expense by 10%
- C. Develop a construction purchasing policy
- D. Specify green electronic equipment
正解：C
解説：
Developing a construction purchasing policy is a strategy that promotes sustainable purchasing during construction. A construction purchasing policy is a document that outlines the criteria and requirements for selecting materials, products, and services that have lower environmental impacts and support human health during construction. A construction purchasing policy can address issues such as recycled content, regional materials, certified wood, low-emitting materials, rapidly renewable materials, durability, life cycle assessment, waste reduction, and indoor air quality. The other options are not strategies that promote sustainable purchasing during construction. Specifying green electronic equipment is relevant for operations purchasing, not construction purchasing. Reducing regional materials expense by 10% does not necessarily imply sustainable purchasing, as regional materials may have higher or lower environmental impacts depending on their source and transportation methods. Implementing an erosion and sedimentation plan is a strategy that protects water quality during construction, but does not address sustainable purchasing. Reference: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, page 24; USGBC, [Guide to LEED Certification: Commercial], page 12.
質問 # 123
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