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USGBC LEED LEED-AP-BD-C試験と認定テストエンジン
USGBC LEED-AP-BD-C 認定試験の出題範囲：
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質問 # 52
For Location and Transportation Credit, Access to Quality Transit, a project team preparing timetables and service-level documentation must ensure the materials include
- A. confirmation that each qualifying route features paired route service (service in opposite directions)
- B. verification that a weighted building average has been used for each qualifying functional entry
- C. verification that a weighted daily average has been used for each qualifying route
- D. confirmation that functional entries of the project are within 3/4 mi. (1.20 km) of the stop
正解：C
解説：
This option requires the project team to calculate the weighted daily average of the number of trips per day for each qualifying route, using the formula provided in the LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide. This option ensures that the transit service frequency is accurately represented and meets the minimum thresholds for weekday and weekend trips, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2 of the guide.
質問 # 53
What type of project would benefit from showing compliance with Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite, Minimum Energy Performance, Option 2. Prescriptive Compliance: ASHRAE 50% Advanced Energy Design Guide?
- A. One in which the project team wants to achieve efficiency trade-offs between systems, offsetting the lower efficiency of one system by the improved efficiency of another
- B. One in which the project team wants to explore the energy performance and load reduction effects of several envelope and lighting designs and mechanical systems
- C. One in which the budget and timeline would benefit from simplified decision making and analysis during the project design
正解：C
解説：
One in which the owner wants an estimate of the carbon reductions or lower operating costs (energy savings, demand charge savings) from energy strategies, beyond a simple calculation for individual energy conservation measures Explanation:
This option allows the project to comply with the minimum energy performance prerequisite by following the prescriptive recommendations of the ASHRAE 50% Advanced Energy Design Guide (AEDG) for the applicable building type and climate zone1. This option simplifies the decision making and analysis process by providing clear and specific guidance on how to achieve 50% energy savings compared to the baseline standard2. This option also reduces the need for energy modeling and documentation, which can save time and money for the project3.
質問 # 54
What is a benefit of including the public in a charrette for a new school before the pre-design phase?
- A. The owner can determine financial strategies based on the public's input
- B. It will help streamline the permitting process
- C. Neighbors can plan for future construction
- D. Potential partnerships with the community can be revealed
正解：D
解説：
A charrette is a collaborative design process that involves multiple stakeholders, such as the owner, the design team, the community, and the users. By including the public in a charrette for a new school before the pre-design phase, potential partnerships with the community can be revealed. For example, the school might share facilities or resources with a nearby library, park, or community center. This can enhance the social and environmental benefits of the project, as well as reduce costs and increase efficiency. Reference: LEED BD+C Reference Guide, Introduction, page 171; LEED BD+C Reference Guide, Integrative Process, page 291
質問 # 55
What is the reference standard that defines the requirements for LEED energy modeling?
- A. ASHRAE 62.1-2010
- B. Core Performance Guide
- C. ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide
- D. ASHRAE 90.1-2010 Appendix G
正解：D
解説：
Detailed
ASHRAE 90.1-2010 Appendix G is the reference standard used for energy modeling in LEED projects. It establishes guidelines for baseline building performance and energy simulation comparisons, allowing project teams to demonstrate energy performance improvements relative to code-minimum buildings.
質問 # 56
Which of the following strategies would be considered an acceptable minor improvement within the wetland buffer for Location and Transportation Credit, Sensitive Land Protection?
- A. Remove trees that are less than 6 inches (15.24 cm) diameter at breast height
- B. Provide a vehicular access drive that is less than 16 ft. (5 m) in width
- C. Change the grade to install a security fence
- D. Build a two-story fitness facility
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
Providing a vehicular access drive that is less than 16 ft. (5 m) in width is considered an acceptable minor improvement within the wetland buffer for Location and Transportation Credit, Sensitive Land Protection.
This credit requires avoiding development on land that meets one or more of the following criteria: prime farmland, floodplains, threatened or endangered species habitat, water bodies, wetlands, or land within 100 feet (30 meters) of these water bodies or wetlands1. However, the credit allows minor improvements within the wetland buffer if they are necessary for the project and have minimal environmental impact2. Examples of minor improvements include trails, boardwalks, stormwater outfalls, and utility crossings2. References:
Credit: Sensitive land protection | U.S. Green Building Council
NC-v4.1 LTc2: Sensitive land protection | LEEDuser
質問 # 57
According to the Integrative Process Credit, the discovery phase of energy-related systems should identify
- A. transportation options
- B. thermal comfort ranges
- C. ventilation rates
- D. functional performance tests
正解：C
解説：
According to the LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, the discovery phase of energy-related systems should identify ventilation rates, along with other factors such as building orientation, envelope attributes, lighting levels, plug and process loads, and programmatic and operational parameters1.
These factors should be used to create a preliminary "simple box" energy model to evaluate the energy performance of the building and explore potential strategies to reduce energy use1. The other options are not relevant for the discovery phase of energy-related systems. Functional performance tests are part of the implementation phase1. Thermal comfort ranges are related to indoor environmental quality2. Transportation options are related to sustainable sites3. References: IP Credit Integrative Process, LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction4123
質問 # 58
Which rating system is being used if all of the credits below have been submitted towards certification?
- Location and Transportation Credit, Reduced Parking Footprint
- Energy and Atmosphere Credit, Fundamental Refrigerant Management
- Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Acoustic Performance
- Materials and Resources Credit, Persistent, Bio accumulative, and Toxic (PBT) Source Reduction - Lead, Cadmium, and Copper
- A. Building Design and Construction: Hospitality
- B. Building Design and Construction: Schools
- C. Building Design and Construction: Data Centers
- D. Building Design and Construction: Healthcare
正解：A
解説：
The rating system that is being used if all of the credits below have been submitted towards certification is Building Design and Construction: Hospitality. This is because the Location and Transportation Credit, Reduced Parking Footprint and the Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Acoustic Performance are only available for the Hospitality rating system among the four options. The other two credits are common for all the rating systems. References: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, p. 301; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, p. 401; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, p. 411; LEED v4:
Building Design + Construction Guide, p. 421
質問 # 59
Which system is eligible for the Energy and Atmosphere Credit, Renewable Energy Production?
- A. Tidal-based electrical production
- B. Municipal solid waste combustion
- C. Passive solar and daylighting strategies
- D. Ground-source heat pumps
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
Tidal-based electrical production is eligible for the Energy and Atmosphere Credit, Renewable Energy Production. This credit rewards projects that use renewable energy systems to offset building energy cost.According to the LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, renewable energy systems are defined as "those that use resources that are naturally replenished within a 100-year or shorter cycle and that are greenhouse gas neutral on an annual basis"1. Tidal-based electrical production meets this definition, as it uses the kinetic energy of the tides to generate electricity without emitting greenhouse gases. The other options are not eligible for this credit, as ground-source heat pumps are not considered renewable energy systems, municipal solid waste combustion is not greenhouse gas neutral, and passive solar and daylighting strategies do not offset building energy cost.References: LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, Energy and Atmosphere Category, EAc Renewable Energy Production, page 572.
質問 # 60
A new athletic facility contains a laundry room which is adjacent to the locker rooms. Which strategy will contribute toward the Interior Cross-Contamination Prevention strategy in Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies?
- A. Naturally ventilate the laundry space per ASHRAE 62.1-2010
- B. Relocate the laundry facility to the basement
- C. Install particle filters, with a MERV of 13 or higher or F7
- D. Provide a ventilation system specifically for the laundry facility that has no recirculating air
正解：D
解説：
The strategy that will contribute toward the Interior Cross-Contamination Prevention strategy in Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies is to provide a ventilation system specifically for the laundry facility that has no recirculating air. This is because the laundry facility is a space where hazardous gases or chemicals may be present or used, such as detergents, bleach, or fabric softeners.
According to the LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, the project must
"sufficiently exhaust each space where hazardous gases or chemicals may be present or used (e.g., garages, housekeeping and laundry areas, copying and printing rooms), using the exhaust rates determined in EQ Prerequisite Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance or a minimum of 0.50 cfm per square foot (2.54 l/s per square meter), to create negative pressure with respect to adjacent spaces when the doors to the room are closed. For each of these spaces, provide self-closing doors and deck-to-deck partitions or a hard-lid ceiling."
1 Therefore, option D is the correct answer. The other options will not prevent cross-contamination from the laundry facility to the locker rooms. Relocating the laundry facility to the basement (option A) may reduce the exposure of the occupants to the laundry chemicals, but it will not eliminate the possibility of cross- contamination to other spaces in the basement. Naturally ventilating the laundry space per ASHRAE 62.1-
2010 (option B) may not provide sufficient exhaust to create negative pressure and prevent cross- contamination, especially if the outdoor air quality is poor or the natural ventilation is not well designed.
Installing particle filters, with a MERV of 13 or higher or F7 (option C) may improve the air quality in the laundry space, but it will not prevent the hazardous gases or chemicals from escaping to the adjacent spaces through the ventilation system or the gaps in the doors or ceiling. References: LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, p. 6881; ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010, Section 6.2.52
質問 # 61
Which strategy should be employed to improve daylighting when designing a new building?
- A. Increase the building depth
- B. Increase the height of interior partitions
- C. Increase the number of skylights
- D. Decrease the number of exterior light shelves
正解：C
解説：
Increase the number of skylights
Skylights are openings in the roof or ceiling that allow natural light to enter the building. They can improve daylighting by providing more uniform and diffuse illumination, reducing the need for artificial lighting, and enhancing the visual comfort and well-being of occupants. Skylights can also reduce cooling loads by minimizing solar heat gain through the roof. However, skylights must be designed carefully to avoid glare, overheating, and heat loss issues.
References:
* Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4 - Pages 279-2801
* Daylighting | WBDG - Whole Building Design Guide1
質問 # 62
When using the Integrative Process, what is the best way for the LEED AP to assess the impact of indoor and outdoor water consumption in a Building Design and Construction project?
- A. At the completion of schematic design, count the fixtures and apply the maximum flow rate
- B. Install permanent metering on both the water sources and the waste water leaving the site
- C. Perform a preliminary water budget analysis before the completion of schematic design
- D. Estimate consumption by using 20 gal. per day (76 I per day) for each Full Time Equivalent (FTE) scheduled to occupy the building
正解：C
解説：
When using the Integrative Process, the best way for the LEED AP to assess the impact of indoor and outdoor water consumption in a Building Design and Construction project is to perform a preliminary water budget analysis before the completion of schematic design. This analysis should include the following steps1:
* Identify the project's water sources and uses, such as potable water, reclaimed water, rainwater, graywater, blackwater, irrigation, cooling towers, etc.
* Estimate the baseline water consumption for each use based on the applicable codes, standards, and benchmarks.
* Identify potential water conservation strategies that can reduce the demand or increase the supply of water, such as low-flow fixtures, native landscaping, rainwater harvesting, graywater reuse, etc.
* Evaluate the feasibility, cost-effectiveness, and environmental benefits of each strategy using a life- cycle approach.
* Select the most appropriate strategies and document how they inform the design decisions and meet the project goals.
* Compare the projected water consumption with the baseline and calculate the percentage reduction.
Performing a preliminary water budget analysis before the completion of schematic design allows the LEED AP to identify opportunities for water efficiency and innovation early in the design process. It also helps to optimize the integration of water systems with other building and site systems, such as energy, materials, indoor environmental quality, etc. Moreover, it supports the achievement of other LEED credits related to water efficiency, such as WE Prerequisite 1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction, WE Prerequisite 2: Indoor Water Use Reduction, WE Credit 1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction, WE Credit 2: Indoor Water Use Reduction, WE Credit 3: Cooling Tower Water Use2.
References:
* Understanding Integrative Design in LEED v41
* LEED v4 for Building Design and Construction2
質問 # 63
During the early stages of a LEED for Schools project, the team was able to reduce the number of lighting fixtures in classrooms by 25% because the project team selected paint color whose light reflectance value was
75% instead of the initially proposed 64% value. This strategy is an example of applying which of the following credits to the project?
- A. Innovation Credit, Innovation
- B. Integrative Process Credit
- C. Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Interior Lighting, Option 1. Lighting Control
- D. Materials and Resources Credit, Interiors Life-Cycle Impact Reduction
正解：B
解説：
The Integrative Process Credit is a credit in LEED Building Design and Construction that supports high- performance, cost-effective project outcomes through an early analysis of the interrelationships among systems1. The credit requires project teams to perform analyses for both energy- and water-related systems before completing the schematic design, and to use the findings to inform the owner's project requirements, basis of design, and design and construction documents1. The example given in the question is an illustration of how selecting a paint color with a higher light reflectance value can reduce the energy use and cost of lighting fixtures, which is an energy-related system. This strategy shows how the project team applied an integrative process to evaluate the impacts of different design options on the building performance and environmental benefits. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Integrative Process Credit.
References:
* Integrative Process
質問 # 64
A project's massing and site orientation can have a direct impact on which of the following prerequisites?
- A. Construction Activity Pollution Prevention
- B. Fundamental Commissioning and Verification
- C. Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance
- D. Minimum Energy Performance
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
Minimum Energy Performance
A project's massing and site orientation can have a direct impact on the minimum energy performance prerequisite, which requires projects to demonstrate a percentage of energy cost savings compared to a baseline building. Massing and orientation affect the amount of solar heat gain, daylight availability, natural ventilation potential, and wind exposure of the building, which in turn influence the heating, cooling, lighting, and ventilation loads and strategies. By optimizing the massing and orientation of the building, projects can reduce their energy consumption and improve their thermal and visual comfort.
References:
Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4 - Pages 279-2801 Building Massing & Orientation | Sustainability Workshop2
質問 # 65
When preparing the Sustainable Sites Prerequisite, Construction Activity Pollution Prevention, the ConstructionGeneral Permit must contain which of the following?
- A. Installation plan for perimeter control
- B. Waste Management Plan
- C. Minimum standards for equipment exhaust
- D. Building orientation on the site
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The Construction General Permit (CGP) for the Sustainable Sites Prerequisite, Construction Activity Pollution Prevention, must contain an installation plan for perimeter control.This is part of the Erosion and Sedimentation Control (ESC) Plan, which is designed to prevent loss of soil during construction by stormwater runoff and/or wind erosion, prevent sedimentation of storm sewer or receiving streams, and prevent polluting the air with dust and particulate matter1.
References:
* Sustainable Sites Prerequisites | GlobalSpec
質問 # 66
Which of the following Building Product Disclosure and Optimization credits under the Materials and Resources category would a project team achieve by using insulation material that is cradle-to-cradle V3 Gold certified?
- A. Sourcing of Raw Materials, Option 1. Raw Material Source and Extraction Reporting and Material Ingredients, Option 2. Material Ingredient Optimization
- B. Material Ingredients, Option 2. Leadership Extraction Practices and Environmental Product Declarations, Option 1. Environmental Product Declarations (EPD)
- C. Sourcing of Raw Materials, Option 2. Leadership Extraction Practices and Material Ingredients, Option 2. Material Ingredient Optimization
- D. Material Ingredients, Option 1. Material Ingredient Reporting and Material Ingredients, Option 2. Material Ingredient Optimization
正解：D
解説：
Detailed
Cradle-to-cradle certification (Gold level) meets the requirements for Material Ingredient Optimization under Option 2. It demonstrates the product's compliance with advanced environmental standards, supporting the LEED focus on transparency and optimization of building materials to minimize their environmental and human health impacts.
質問 # 67
Which of the following is required for a cooling tower or evaporative condenser in Water Efficiency Prerequisite, Indoor Water Use Reduction?
- A. Alkalinity testing and ENERGY STAR® rating
- B. Non potable water sources and bacteria testing
- C. Makeup water meters, conductivity controllers and overflow alarms
- D. Water treatment calculations and system performance narrative
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
Makeup water meters, conductivity controllers and overflow alarms
According to the Water Efficiency Prerequisite for Indoor Water Use Reduction, cooling towers and evaporative condensers must be equipped with makeup water meters, conductivity controllers and overflow alarms to reduce water consumption and prevent water waste. These devices help monitor and control the water quality, flow rate and level of the cooling system, and alert the operators of any malfunctions or leaks.
References: As per the LEED AP Building Design + Construction (LEED AP BD+C) V4 resources, the installation of makeup water meters, conductivity controllers and overflow alarms is a requirement for cooling towers and evaporative condensers under the Water Efficiency Prerequisite for Indoor Water Use Reduction.
This prerequisite aims to reduce indoor water consumption by setting baseline and efficiency standards for fixtures, fittings, appliances, equipment and processes. For cooling towers and evaporative condensers, the prerequisite also requires efficient drift eliminators that reduce drift to a maximum of 0.002% of recirculated water volume for counterflow towers and 0.005% of recirculated water flow for cross-flow towers. For more detailed information, you can refer to the web-based reference guide in the credit library at USGBC's official website.
質問 # 68
Which of the following prerequisites or credits are affected by using plug-in devices when attempting to achieve Indoor Environmental Quality Credit. Thermal Comfort?
- A. Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite. Minimum Energy Performance
- B. Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite. Building Level Energy Metering
- C. Energy and Atmosphere Credit. Demand Response
- D. Energy and Atmosphere Credit. Advanced Energy Metering
正解：A
解説：
Using plug-in devices can affect the energy performance of the building, which is one of the criteria for achieving Indoor Environmental Quality Credit. Thermal Comfort. The LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction states that "the project team must demonstrate that the proposed design meets the minimum energy performance requirements of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010, Appendix G, with errata"1. Plug-in devices are considered as part of the process loads in the energy model, and they can increase the energy consumption and demand of the building. Therefore, the project team must account for the plug-in devices in the energy model and ensure that the proposed design meets or exceeds the baseline performance rating.
Reference:
LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite: Minimum Energy Performance, page 2591 LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, Indoor Environmental Quality Credit: Thermal Comfort, page 7041
質問 # 69
The contractor has submitted waste hauling reports for review in order to achieve Materials and Resources Credit, Construction and Demolition Waste Management. Which of the following materials on the documentation contribute towards the credit?
- A. Wood derived fuel
- B. Items sent to the local incinerator
- C. Excavated soil
- D. Alternate Daily Cover
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
This option requires the project to classify wood derived fuel as a recycled material that contributes towards the credit, because it is a waste material that is converted into a useful energy source1. Wood derived fuel can be used for heating, electricity generation, or co-firing with other fuels2. According to the LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, recycled materials are those that have been reprocessed or remanufactured from recovered materials3.
References: = LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Wood Derived Fuels - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics, Wood-Derived Fuels | Energy and the Environment | US EPA.
質問 # 70
Sustainable Sites Credit, Site Assessment requires evaluation of
- A. vegetation, topography, archaeology
- B. topography, hydrology, human use
- C. soils, archeology, hydrology
- D. human health effects, climate, land value
正解：B
解説：
The Sustainable Sites Credit, Site Assessment requires the project to conduct and document a site inventory and analysis that evaluates the existing conditions and features of the site, such as topography, hydrology, human use, climate, vegetation, soils, and human health effects1. The purpose of the site assessment is to inform the design and development of the site in a way that protects, restores, and enhances the environmental quality and performance of the site1. The site assessment should include the following elements:
* Topography: The shape and elevation of the land surface, including slopes, drainage patterns, and erosion potential.
* Hydrology: The movement, distribution, and quality of water on the site, including surface water, groundwater, precipitation, and runoff.
* Human use: The current and planned use of the site and its surroundings, including zoning, land use, transportation, utilities, and cultural resources.
* Climate: The long-term weather patterns and conditions of the site, including temperature, humidity, wind, solar radiation, and precipitation.
* Vegetation: The types, distribution, and condition of plants on the site, including native, invasive, and endangered species, and their ecological functions and values.
* Soils: The physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil on the site, including texture, structure, organic matter, pH, fertility, and contamination.
* Human health effects: The potential impacts of the site conditions and features on the health and well- being of the occupants and the surrounding community, such as noise, air quality, water quality, and exposure to hazardous substances.
References:
* LEED Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4
* Sustainable Sites Credit, Site Assessment
* Site Assessment - SITES
* Site Assessment and Analysis - Whole Building Design Guide
質問 # 71
What supporting material is required for all LEED Building Design and Construction projects in order to document Location and Transportation Credit, Bicycle Facilities for the bicycle network?
- A. Photographs of bicycle network signage and directional signposts
- B. Vicinity map showing bicycle network, route and distance along network to eligible destination(s)
- C. Manufacturer specifications for the chosen bicycle storage facilities, including the number of bicycles supported by each bike rack
- D. Photographs of the installed bicycle storage and shower facilities
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
The Location and Transportation Credit, Bicycle Facilities, requires the project team to provide a vicinity map that shows the bicycle network, the route and the distance along the network to eligible destination(s) for all LEED Building Design and Construction projects. The vicinity map is a supporting material that demonstrates that the project site is within a 200-yard (180-meter) walking distance of a bicycle network that connects to at least one of the following: diverse uses, public transportation, recreation facilities, or schools1. The vicinity map must also show the scale and the north arrow, and indicate the project site and the eligible destination(s)2.
The photographs of bicycle network signage and directional signposts, the photographs of the installed bicycle storage and shower facilities, and the manufacturer specifications for the chosen bicycle storage facilities are not required for the bicycle network, but for the bicycle storage and shower facilities.
References:
*LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, Location and Transportation Credit:
Bicycle Facilities, page 1281
*LEED v4.1 Bicycle Storage Requirements
質問 # 72
A newly constructed school has installed solar thermal systems and wind turbines on site. To achieve the maximum number of Energy and Atmosphere points, which team members must be included?
- A. Energy Modeler and Commissioning (Cx) Agent
- B. Commissioning (Cx) Agent and Facilities Manager
- C. Construction Manager and Energy Modeler
- D. Energy Modeler and Contractor
正解：A
解説：
To achieve the maximum number of Energy and Atmosphere points, the project team must include an energy modeler and a commissioning agent. The energy modeler is responsible for performing the whole-building energy simulation that demonstrates the energy performance improvement over the baseline building, which is required for Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite 2 and Credit 11. The commissioning agent is responsible for verifying that the building's energy systems are installed, calibrated, and perform according to the owner's project requirements, basis of design, and construction documents, which is required for Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite 1 and Credit 31. The commissioning agent also ensures that the renewable energy systems are properly integrated and functioning2. The contractor and the construction manager are not directly involved in the energy modeling or commissioning process, although they must follow the design specifications and coordinate with the commissioning agent. The facilities manager is not required for achieving the Energy and Atmosphere points, although they may benefit from the training and documentation provided by the commissioning agent. References:
* LEED v4 for Building Design and Construction, p. 361
* Understanding Integrative Design in LEED v4, p. 92
質問 # 73
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