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ISQI CTAL-ATT（ISTQB Advancedレベルアジャイルテクニカルテスター）認定試験は、アジャイル環境で作業するソフトウェアテスターの技術的知識とスキルをテストするために設計されています。この認定は、さまざまな手法やツールを使用して、アジャイルチーム内でソフトウェアを効果的にテストするテスターの能力の検証を提供します。この認定は、ソフトウェアテスト業界で最も有名な需要のある認定の1つです。
質問 # 38
You have been working as a tester in an Agile team You have found that the user stories are being defined by the team but it is still unclear what will be a successful outcome Even after story elaboration you are still unclear as to what a story should do As a result, you're not really sure what to test or to know when you'll be done with testing This problem is becoming worse as completed stories are showcased but the product owner is unhappy with the results You've looked into the matter further and the comments from the product owner indicate that features are missing from the stories.The story is functioning correctly within the limited definition of the story but the product owner is expecting more functionality, such as error handling that isn't being defined in the story What technique should you implement that would help to further define the product owner's expectations and alleviate the issues that are arising during the show cases?
- A. A combination of TDD and BDD by the team to improve the pre-build testing
- B. ATDD by the team to better define the requirements
- C. TDD by the developers before they begin coding
- D. BDD by the developers when unit tests are being created
正解：B
質問 # 39
Why might static analysis be used on an Agile project'
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. To identify the causes of technical debt through the use of tools
- B. To clarify and simplify code design without changing its behavior
- C. To manually identify potential defects and thus avoid technical debt
- D. To implement a test-driven approach at the component level
正解：A
解説：
Static analysis in Agile projects is utilized to identify potential issues in code that could lead to technical debt.
This process involves using tools to analyze the code without actually executing it, which helps in detecting complex code, potential bugs, and areas of the code that may require refactoring. By identifying these issues early in the development process, teams can address them promptly, thus maintaining code quality and avoiding the accumulation of technical debt that could hinder future development efforts.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus includes learning objectives that cover the understanding of static code analysis and its role in identifying defects and technical debt as part of code review processes in Agile projects12.
質問 # 40
When test cases are re-run after refactoring, what should always be verified'?
- A. That they provide the same results as before
- B. That they provide better logging than before
- C. That tests that have now been made redundant are removed from the test set
- D. That the branch coverage is the same or increased
正解：A
質問 # 41
Which statement about test automation is TRUE?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Staff availability should not be allowed to constrain automated deployment
- B. Test suite coverage can be increased without the need for refactoring
- C. The number of test cases in the test suite increases by default from one iteration to another
- D. Test development time should not consider changes to the test environments)
正解：B
解説：
This statement is true because increasing test suite coverage refers to adding more test cases or enhancing existing ones to cover more features or scenarios. This can be done independently of refactoring, which is the process of restructuring existing code without changing its external behavior. While refactoring can improve the design and maintainability of both production code and test scripts, it is not a prerequisite for increasing test suite coverage.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus outlines the importance of test automation in Agile projects, including the ability to increase test coverage through various test automation strategies12.
質問 # 42
In a regression-averse lest approach what should be the focus of test automation?
- A. To continuously improve and update a set of tests that have been created
- B. To create an ever-growing set of regression tests
- C. To provide automated checklists to help guide the testing
- D. To implement automated unit testing to improve the overall quality
正解：A
質問 # 43
Which statement is correct regarding the use of exploratory testing for safety critical systems?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. It is not recommended, as manual black-box tests should be used instead
- B. It is highly recommended for all risk levels
- C. It is highly recommended for low risk levels only
- D. It should be used when black-box tests cannot be automated
正解：A
解説：
Exploratory testing is a type of testing that emphasizes the personal freedom and responsibility of the individual tester to continually optimize the quality of his/her work by treating test-related learning, test design, test execution, and test result interpretation as mutually supportive activities that run in parallel throughout the project. While exploratory testing can be highly effective in certain contexts, for safety-critical systems, it is generally not recommended. Safety-critical systems require a high degree of assurance and predictability that each component of the system behaves as expected under all circumstances. Manual black-box tests, which are more structured and can be thoroughly planned and documented, are preferred in these scenarios to ensure comprehensive coverage and traceability.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus and training materials provide guidance on the appropriate use of different testing techniques in various contexts, including the recommendation of structured manual black-box testing over exploratory testing for safety-critical systems1234.
質問 # 44
You are working in a project that developed a product that has reached a stable state and is deployed on different HW configurations all over Europe.
You management decided to use your project as Proof of Concept for adopting CI as a new way of working. The POC was implemented on one set of hardware and was successful.
Which of the following actions is a good next step?
- A. Enable different test configurations in the CI process to test different configurations that are deployed in the market
- B. Reduce the number of tests in the CI test suite, to improve the benefit of the CI approach
- C. Implement code to dynamically select CI tests, executing only test cases affected by changes
- D. Speed up test execution by decreasing the amount of User Interface (UI) testing to get faster feedback from the CI tests
正解：A
解説：
The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus suggests that after a successful proof of concept (POC), it is important to expand the Continuous Integration (CI) process to handle various test configurations.
This is especially relevant for a product deployed across different hardware configurations in Europe. By enabling different test configurations in the CI process, you can ensure that the product works correctly on all the hardware configurations it will encounter in the market. This step is crucial for maintaining the quality and reliability of the product in diverse environments.
References = ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester documents and Training resources12.
質問 # 45
which statement about test approaches is TRUE7
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. A Regression-averse test approach requires an ever-growing set of automated regression tests
- B. Test automation is not suitable when taking a Process-compliant test approach
- C. in a Model-based test approach, tests can be created automatically
- D. When taking a Reactive test approach, Increased test automation will reduce the time available for exploratory testing
正解：C
解説：
A Model-based test approach involves creating models that represent the desired behaviors of a system. These models can then be used to generate test cases automatically, which is a key advantage of this approach. It allows for efficient test case generation and can help ensure thorough coverage of the system's functionality.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester materials discuss various test approaches and emphasize the benefits of model-based testing, including the automatic generation of tests12.
質問 # 46
You have identified existing test cases that require re-factoring, Which is the NEXT task you should perform?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Analyze the Impact of the functionality of the current iteration on the existing regression tests
- B. Re run the tests to ensure that the test results remain the same
- C. Adjust the observable behavior of the tests to meet the user stories
- D. Make changes to the internal structure of the tests to improve maintainability
正解：A
解説：
After identifying test cases that require refactoring, the next task is to analyze the impact of the current iteration's functionality on the existing regression tests. This involves assessing how the new changes will affect the tests and determining if the tests still cover the necessary aspects of the software. The goal is to ensure that the regression tests remain relevant and effective in light of the recent changes made to the application.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus and related materials emphasize the importance of maintaining the relevance and effectiveness of regression tests throughout the development iterations, which includes analyzing the impact of new functionalities on existing tests12.
質問 # 47
You have received this BDD test
Given that a customer enters the correct PIN When they request to make a withdrawal And they have enough money in their account Then they will receive the money And a receipt Which of the following is the user story that best fits this BDD test?
- A. As an ATM
I want to provide services to my customer
So they will be happy - B. As a customer
I want to withdraw money from my account
So that I can buy a present - C. As a customer
I want to deposit money into my account
So that I can collect interest - D. As a bank teller
I want customers to use the ATM
So that I don't have to deal with them
正解：A
質問 # 48
For the story "Make a call from the mobile app to the backend system" associated with the epic "View Frequent Flyer Miles and Status," which of the following story acceptance criteria is in most need of refinement?
- A. The backend system must respond to the mobile app within 3 seconds
- B. The payload delivered by the backend system must use JSON formatting
- C. The communication between the two systems must be secure
- D. The mobile app must detect when the phone does not have Internet connectivity and display a warning message
正解：C
解説：
* Understanding Refinement Needs in Acceptance Criteria:
* Well-defined acceptance criteria must be clear, measurable, and testable.
* Criteria that lack specificity or are too broad need refinement to ensure they can be implemented and tested effectively.
* Analyzing the Options:
* A: "The backend system must respond to the mobile app within 3 seconds" is clear, measurable, and testable.
* C: "The mobile app must detect when the phone does not have Internet connectivity and display a warning message" is actionable and measurable.
* D: "The payload delivered by the backend system must use JSON formatting" is specific and testable.
* B: "The communication between the two systems must be secure" lacks details. Security requirements should specify the protocols or methods (e.g., TLS encryption) to make the acceptance criteria clear and actionable.
References:Aligned with ISTQB Agile Technical Tester principles emphasizing clear, testable acceptance criteria for Agile stories.
質問 # 49
Refactoring of test cases is needed in agile projects for many reasons.
Which of the following statements about the refactoring of test cases is correct?
- A. Refactoring of test cases is done as a process with the following steps: Identification, Refactor, Re-run, and Identify again. The main benefits include improving the regression test cases and maintaining the alignment of tests with the code base and product functionality
- B. Refactoring of test cases is done to match and evolve the test cases due to changing functionality. The main benefits include improving the regression test cases and the continued alignment of the tests with the code base and product functionality
- C. In general, in the agile world refactoring is a way to clean up test cases by making them shorter. The main benefits include the ability to write test cases quickly, being able to test faster using short test cases, and being able to automate them quickly
- D. Refactoring of test cases is needed because we cannot write and maintain detailed test cases in the short iterations associated with agile. The main benefits include aligning the pace of testing with development and the ability to quickly create new test cases
正解：B
質問 # 50
How does static code analysis help reduce technical debt?
- A. It can improve the efficiency of the developer as they are writing the code
- B. It can remove the need for unit tests and will help improve the efficiency of the build process
- C. It can remove the need for code reviews and speed up the development process
- D. It can identify inefficiencies, complexities and insecure code which can then be fixed by the developer
正解：D
質問 # 51
Which of the following is a correct statement?
- A. Test automation is a strategy
- B. Test automation is a procedure
- C. Test automation is a methodology
- D. Test automation is a test objective
正解：C
質問 # 52
You are testing a large e-commerce system for household goods that is being implemented using Agile methodologies You are currently working on deriving tests tor stories that are implementing the following epic.
As a customer I want to use the e-commerce system, so that I can have my purchased goods delivered to my house.
The story you are currently working on is
As a customer I want to be told how many items I need to purchase, so I can receive free shipping Which of the following is an appropriate test charter for this story?
- A. Buy 12 of one item and see if you are advised that you get free shipping
- B. As a supplier verify that when a customer purchases the correct number of goods the system doesn't add any delivery fees at checkout
- C. Login as a customer buy various goods request free delivery add more items to your cart checkout, verify that your delivery is free
- D. Login as a customer buy an item verify message tells you how many are needed for free delivery add items to your cart until you qualify checkout verify delivery is free
正解：D
解説：
The appropriate test charter for the user story provided should focus on the customer's experience and the functionality described in the story. Option C is the most suitable because it covers the entire process from the customer's perspective: logging in, purchasing an item, receiving information about the requirement for free shipping, adding more items, and then verifying that the delivery is free upon checkout. This test charter effectively tests the acceptance criteria of the user story by ensuring that the system provides the necessary information and applies the free shipping offer correctly when the conditions are met.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus outlines the importance of creating test charters that align with user stories and epics using requirements engineering techniques. It emphasizes the need for test charters to be comprehensive and to evaluate the acceptance criteria effectively123.
質問 # 53
According to the syllabus, which of the following is a correct statement about automation in a mission- critical system versus a non-critical system?
- A. Automation is not recommended for the non-critical system at any risk level, but is recommended for the mission-critical system
- B. Automation is less important with the non-critical system as the risk increases
- C. Automation is more important with the mission-critical system as the risk increases
- D. Automation is at the same level for both systems as the risk increases
正解：C
解説：
* Automation and System Criticality:
* For mission-critical systems, automation ensures consistent, repeatable testing, particularly for high-risk functionalities.
* As risk increases, automation plays a key role in validating critical features and reducing the chance of human error.
* For non-critical systems, the focus on automation is generally reduced, depending on cost- benefit analysis.
* Analyzing the Options:
* A: Correctly states that automation is prioritized for mission-critical systems as risk increases.
* B: Incorrectly diminishes the importance of automation for non-critical systems without clarifying context.
* C: Misrepresents automation levels as equal for critical and non-critical systems.
* D: Incorrectly dismisses automation for non-critical systems, which can be valuable depending on the context.
References:ISTQB Agile Technical Tester syllabus emphasizes automation for high-risk systems while balancing cost and risk for non-critical systems.
質問 # 54
What is the characteristic of a unit test that makes it "atomic"?
- A. It tests the details of the code, including verifying all the possible areas of data handling
- B. If it is run with the same conditions, it will get the same result each time
- C. It tests only the targeted piece of functionality
- D. It runs very fast, allowing many tests to be run quickly
正解：C
解説：
* Definition of "Atomic" in Unit Testing:
* An atomic test focuses on a single, isolated piece of functionality.
* This ensures clarity and simplicity in verifying the behavior of that specific functionality.
* Analyzing the Options:
* A: Describes a deterministic test, not an atomic one.
* B: Atomic tests do not verify all details but rather focus on a specific area.
* D: Speed is a desirable characteristic but does not define atomicity.
* C: Testing only the targeted functionality aligns with the definition of atomicity.
References:Aligned with ISTQB Agile Technical Tester objectives regarding unit test properties like scope and focus.
質問 # 55
"As the leader of the marketing department, I want to have a content management system so that my employees can edit and provide quality content to the readers" Which of the following requirements engineering techniques would be the MOST effective for identifying and prioritizing user stories for the given Epic?
- A. Class Diagrams
- B. Storyboarding
- C. Story mapping
- D. Use Cases
- E. Defining Personas
正解：C
解説：
Story mapping is the most effective requirements engineering technique for identifying and prioritizing user stories related to the epic mentioned. It allows the team to visualize the entire customer journey, which is crucial for a content management system that aims to enhance the content editing and publishing process. By mapping out the user stories, the team can see how they fit into the overall system, prioritize them based on the value they provide to the end-users, and ensure that all necessary functionalities are covered.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester materials discuss the use of various requirements engineering techniques in an Agile context. Story mapping, in particular, is highlighted as a valuable method for organizing and prioritizing user stories to create a shared understanding among the team members123.
質問 # 56
You are testing a large e-commerce system for household goods that is being implemented using Agile methodologies. You are currently working on deriving tests for stories that are implementing the following epic:
As a customer, I want to use the e-commerce system, so that I can have my purchased goods delivered to my house.
The story you are currently working on is:
As a customer, I want to be told when my items will be delivered, so I can plan to be home.
You have been given the following charter that was proposed by another tester for testing this story:
Login as a customer, buy enough of each item to qualify for free shipping for each item, checkout, and verify that no shipping fee has been added.
What is the main flaw in this charter?
- A. The actions of the user are not clearly stated in the charter
- B. It focuses on the delivery company instead of the activities of the user
- C. It does not cover the main functionality of the user story
- D. The expected results are not defined
正解：C
解説：
* Review of User Story:The story's focus is on notifying the customer of the delivery time, not the shipping fee or free shipping qualification.
* Analyzing the Charter:
* The charter mentions verifying shipping fees, which is unrelated to the functionality of the user story.
* It does not address delivery time notifications, which are the main purpose of the user story.
* Alignment with Agile Testing Principles:Agile testing requires charters to align closely with the story' s intent and customer goals.
* Conclusion:The main flaw is that the charter does not test the core functionality of the story, making Option B correct.
質問 # 57
Which of the following is an expected problem that often occurs with automation test suites?
- A. The time it takes to create new tests increases exponentially as new features are added to the code
- B. The defects become prohibitive when trying to execute the suite
- C. The test execution time becomes longer making it difficult to get all the tests run as often as desired
- D. The test suite continues to grow making source control difficult to manage
正解：C
解説：
One of the common problems encountered with automation test suites in agile settings is the increase in test execution time. As the suite grows, the time required to run all the tests can become longer, which may pose challenges in maintaining the desired frequency of test runs. This is particularly problematic in agile environments where thepace of development is rapid and continuous integration is practiced. Ensuring that the test suite is efficient and manageable is crucial to support the speed of deployment and the iterative nature of agile development.
References = ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester documents and Training resources12.
質問 # 58
Which statement correctly describes continuous testing'
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Each new build of the system triggers a pre-defined set of tests to be executed automatically.
- B. Each modification made to the system is automatically tested and then automatically made implemented in live
- C. Each new build of the system triggers deployment into a testing environment.
- D. Each modification made to the system triggers the tests that cover that change to be executed automatically.
正解：A
解説：
Continuous testing in Agile involves automatically executing a pre-defined set of tests with every new build of the system. This practice is part of continuous integration and delivery, ensuring that new changes are verified quickly and frequently, which is essential for Agile's fast-paced and iterative development cycles. References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus emphasizes the importance of continuous testing in Agile projects, highlighting techniques such as test automation, continuous deployment, and delivery as fundamental to the Agile approach123.
質問 # 59
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