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ISQI CTAL-ATT試験は、アジャイルな技術テストにおける知識と専門知識を検証する上級レベルの認定資格です。アジャイルなテストに関連する幅広いトピックをカバーしており、グローバルに雇用主に認められています。試験の準備には、アジャイルな方法論と技術テストの概念について深く理解する必要があり、多くのリソースが用意されています。
質問 # 28
Which statement about test automation is TRUE?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Increasing test automation levels will eliminate the need for manual testing during continuous deployment
- B. Increasing test automation levels to increase the frequency of continuous deployment should always be an objective
- C. Minimizing the test suite by selecting, preparing and running only a subset of tests by using risk analysis should always be an objective
- D. Increasing test automation levels may decrease the frequency at which continuous deployments to production can be made
正解：B
解説：
Increasing test automation is a key practice in Agile methodologies to support continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD). Automated tests can be run quickly and frequently, which is essential for continuous deployment to be effective. By automating the testing process, teams can ensure that new code changes are tested thoroughly and consistently, leading to more frequent and reliable deployments to production.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester documents emphasize the importance of test automation in Agile contexts, particularly in relation to continuous deployment and delivery1. It is highlighted that test automation approaches are fundamental for organizations adopting Agile development practices12345.
質問 # 29
You have been asked to supply the list of keywords for a keyword-driven test automation script that will be used to test the following story As a customer I want to be able to add and delete items from my shopping carl, so that I can buy the right number of items and still get free shipping on some of the items The automation will add and delete items from a customer's shopping carl and will then verify that the total shipping cost is correct The test automation library has a large set of keywords that have been coded to support this ecommerce site Which of the following is the smallest set of keywords that contains the ones needed to support testing this story?
- A. Add Item View Cart Compute Shipping
- B. Login Add Item Checkout Compute Carl Total Compute Shipping, Complete Order
- C. Login Add Item, Delete Item Checkout, Compute Cart Total, Compute Shipping Complete Order
- D. Login Add Item Delete Item View Cart Compute Shipping
正解：D
解説：
The smallest set of keywords that contains the ones needed to support testing the user story is "Login, Add Item, Delete Item, View Cart, Compute Shipping". This set covers all the necessary actions to test the functionality described in the user story: logging into the system, adding items to the shopping cart, deleting items from the cart, viewing the cart to confirm the changes, and computing the shipping cost to ensure it is correct. It is essential that the keywords reflect the actions a customer would perform and the checks needed to validate the story's acceptance criteria.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus and materials emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate keywords for test automation that align with the user story's objectives and acceptance criteria12. The keyword-driven approach is a critical aspect of test automation in Agile environments, as it allows for the creation of flexible and maintainable test scripts2.
質問 # 30
Which of the following is an expected problem that often occurs with automation test suites?
- A. The time it takes to create new tests increases exponentially as new features are added to the code
- B. The test execution time becomes longer making it difficult to get all the tests run as often as desired
- C. The test suite continues to grow making source control difficult to manage
- D. The defects become prohibitive when trying to execute the suite
正解：B
解説：
One of the common problems encountered with automation test suites in agile settings is the increase in test execution time. As the suite grows, the time required to run all the tests can become longer, which may pose challenges in maintaining the desired frequency of test runs. This is particularly problematic in agile environments where thepace of development is rapid and continuous integration is practiced. Ensuring that the test suite is efficient and manageable is crucial to support the speed of deployment and the iterative nature of agile development.
References = ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester documents and Training resources12.
質問 # 31
You are testing a payment processing application that calls an external service at a bank to process the monetary transactions. The bank charges per transaction for the use of their service. You are creating an automation suite that will be used as part of continuous testing. How could service virtualization benefit the project if a virtualized service is created that will act in the same way as the bank application?
- A. The virtualized service will reduce the need for data management
- B. The virtualized service will be more secure than the bank transaction, reducing the need to security test the automation code.
- C. The virtualized service will be faster and that will make the automation suite run faster
- D. The virtualized service will reduce the cost of testing as there will be no transaction fees charged by the bank to use their test service
正解：D
質問 # 32
In order to create a shareable testing service from server or network traffic log data, which of the following types of tool would you use?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. An integrated development environment
- B. A service virtualization tool
- C. a parallel development tool
- D. A hardware emulator
正解：B
解説：
A service virtualization tool is used to create a simulated environment that mimics the behavior of components in a production environment. This allows for the creation of a shareable testing service from server or network traffic log data, enabling testing of applications and services without the need for the actual live production components. Service virtualization tools can capture and simulate the network traffic and data patterns, which is essential for creating robust and reliable test environments that are independent of the actual live systems12.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus and study resources discuss the use of service virtualization tools as part of the test automation approaches and continuous deployment and delivery processes. These resources highlight the importance of such tools in enabling effective testing within Agile environments12.
質問 # 33
The challenges described below are of test automation in agile settings or agile projects. Which is the correctly described one?
- A. Test deployment time is one of the challenges of agile testing, as deploying slow is not possible in short iterations
- B. Unit testing automation is the most critical test automation needed in agile and covers most of the testing challenges in agile quality of code and gives good test coverage
- C. Resource's availability is a challenge in automating tests in agile settings, as they are needed to create, maintain, and execute the test suite
- D. Test Execution Time is not critical in agile as there are fewer tests written, and they are designed as checklists or high-level tests which reduces the time it takes to execute them
正解：C
解説：
In Agile settings, the availability of resources is indeed a challenge for test automation. Agile projects require rapid development and frequent changes, which means that the test suite must be continuously updated and maintained. This requires dedicated resources that can quickly adapt to these changes and ensure that the test automation is effective and up-to-date. Without sufficient resources, the test automation efforts can become a bottleneck, hindering the Agile team's ability to deliver quality software at speed.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester documents discuss the challenges of test automation in Agile settings, including the need for resources to support test automation activities12. It emphasizes the importance of having a well-maintained test suite that can keep up with the pace of Agile development3.
質問 # 34
Your team is developing an e-shop application (the SUT) that will use a third-party service to process payments via an API. This third-party payment gateway is itself still under development Which statement contains a pair of benefits that can BOTH be expected from service virtualization in this circumstance' SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Parallel compilation, continuous integration, and test automation; more effective configuration management.
- B. Realistic testing of the SUT before the actual payment gateway is available, simplification of the test environment
- C. Earlier testing of the API, reduction in the amount of test data needed
- D. Earlier discovery of defects in the SUT; the ability to share code between the SUT and the payment gateway.
正解：B
解説：
Service virtualization is a technique that allows teams to simulate the behavior of dependent systems or components that are not readily accessible during the testing phase. In the context of developing an e-shop application with a payment gateway still under development, service virtualization offers the following benefits:
* Realistic Testing: It enables the testing of the e-shop application (SUT) in a manner that closely resembles the final production environment by simulating the payment gateway's behavior. This allows for the identification of defects and issues early in the development process12.
* Simplification of the Test Environment: By using virtual services, the complexity of the test environment is reduced. There's no need to set up and maintain actual integrations with the third-party payment gateway until it is fully developed, which simplifies the testing process and infrastructure requirements12.
References = The benefits of service virtualization are well-documented in the ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus and other software testing resources, which highlight its role in enabling early and realistic testing, as well as simplifying the test environment3412.
質問 # 35
You have been asked to supply the data file for a data-driven test automation script that will be used to test the following story:
As a customer I want to be told how many items I need to purchase, so I can receive free shipping You have been told the automation will verify whether or not the free shipping message is displayed. Which of the following columns should appear in your data file to support the automated testing of this story?
- A. item ID quantity purchased free shipping (y/n), item shipping cost total shipping cost
- B. customer name # items, price of items, total shipping cost
- C. item ID quantity purchased free shipping (y/n)
- D. quantity purchased, free shipping (y/n), total shipping cost
正解：C
解説：
For the user story in question, the data file for the data-driven test automation script should include columns that directly relate to the criteria for free shipping. The column 'item ID' is necessary to identify the specific items being purchased. 'Quantity purchased' is required to determine if the number of items meets the threshold for free shipping. The 'free shipping (y/n)' column is essential to verify if the free shipping message displays correctly based on the quantity purchased. This setup aligns with the principles of data-driven testing where inputs and expected outcomes are clearly defined to validate the functionality being tested.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus and materials emphasize the importance of creating data files that support the automated testing of user stories. The data file should contain columns that are relevant to the story's acceptance criteria and enable the automation to verify the correct behavior of the system12.
質問 # 36
The following epic has been written:
As a vehicle driver
I want to find an available space In a car park
So that I can pay in advance to reserve that space
This epic will be used to develop user stories for a new National Car Parking application Both public and private car park owners will be able to utilise the system, allowing drivers of all kinds to guarantee an available car parking space on arrival at their chosen car park, according to the kind of vehicle that they may drive There will be multiple stakeholders including different car park owners, different user groups including disabled drivers and different vehicle types such as car. van and motorbike.
From this epic, multiple user stories will be written. The following acceptance criteria have been written for the epic, and will be applicable to all user stories (each user story will also have its own acceptance cntena):
1.End-to-end response time for any individual request submitted by a user must not exceed 5 seconds
2.All correspondence with stakeholders must be via email and text message
3.The application must be accessible on most mobile technology
4.A user cannot submit a form unless all mandatory fields are entered
5.Payment method can be made using the most popular electronic options
Applying the INVEST technique to this epic, including its acceptance criteria, which of the following statements is correct?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. The Testable and Small criteria of INVEST have not been satisfied
- B. The Testable and Valuable criteria of INVEST have not been satisfied
- C. The invest criteria have all been satisfied by this epic
- D. The Independent and Small criteria of INVEST have not been satisfied
正解：D
解説：
The epic described is broad and encompasses a system that involves multiple stakeholders and vehicle types, indicating that it is not a small piece of work that can be completed in a short iteration. This violates the
'Small' criterion of INVEST, which states that stories should be the smallest piece of work that delivers useful functionality to fit within an iteration12. Additionally, the epic's acceptance criteria apply to all user stories derived from it, suggesting that the stories are not independent of each other, as changes to one could affect the others. This goes against the 'Independent' criterion, which emphasizes that stories should be self-contained to avoid delays caused by dependencies12.
References = The INVEST criteria are a set of guidelines used to evaluate the quality of user stories and epics in Agile development. They ensure that the stories are well-defined and suitable for Agile practices, focusing on creating value through independent, negotiable, valuable, estimable, small, and testable stories123.
質問 # 37
BDD and ATDD are most commonly used with which test approach?
- A. Reactive
- B. Process-compliant
- C. Analytical
- D. Model-based
正解：C
解説：
BDD (Behavior-Driven Development) and ATDD (Acceptance Test-Driven Development) are most commonly associated with the Analytical test approach. This approach involves a detailed examination of the requirements, specifications, and other documentation to derive test conditions and cases. BDD and ATDD focus on defining the expected behavior of a system through collaboration between stakeholders, which aligns with the analytical approach's emphasis on thorough requirement analysis and understanding before test execution.
References = The ISTQB materials describe BDD and ATDD as techniques that fit within an analytical approach due to their reliance on detailed requirement analysis and collaboration among team members to define acceptance criteria and behavior specifications12.
質問 # 38
You are part of an agile team creating a user story.
Which of the following requirements engineering techniques would you use to provide a visual representation of the system and help to see the 'overall* story with the functional flow?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Use Cases
- B. Story Mapping
- C. Storyboards
- D. Personas
正解：B
解説：
Story Mapping is a technique used in Agile development to create a visual representation of the system. It helps the team to understand the 'overall' story and the functional flow by arranging user stories along two independent dimensions. This method allows for a more holistic view of the project's progress and priorities, ensuring that the development process aligns with the user's needs and the product's goals. References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus includes the analysis of user stories and epics using requirements engineering techniques and describes how these techniques can aid testers. Story Mapping is specifically mentioned as a method for managing requirements in an Agile context1.
質問 # 39
The following user story has been written for a new application being developed to pre-book a space at a National Car Park.
As a vehicle driver
i want to be able to pre-book a car parking space online, selecting a disabled driver's space if needed So that l can pay in advance and receive confirmation of my parking space number.
The following acceptance criteria have also been written:
*Payment can be made via PayPal, Debit or Credit Card
*Confirmation of payment and car parking details should be sent after the booking process is completed
*Driver information is stored in the reservation database
The database has been built and tested in a previous sprint, but the interface to the different payment methods have yet to be developed As a tester in an agile team, you have been asked to review the user story You have detected some issues with this story:
1.it needs to cater for different user groups: a driver or disabled driver
2.it needs to cater for different vehicle types: a car. 4x4. van or motorbike
3.There are no acceptance criteria relating to how quick the booking process should be
4.How confirmation is to be sent for payment and space number, and other important details, have not been specified
5.A stub will be needed to test the payment method
Which pair of requirements engineering techniques are you MOST LIKELY to have used to uncover these issues' SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Personas and Diagrams
- B. Diagrams and Story Mapping
- C. Storyboards and Personas
- D. Story Mapping and use Cases
正解：C
解説：
In Agile development, requirements engineering techniques are crucial for understanding and defining user needs and system requirements. The issues identified in the user story suggest the use of Personas and Storyboards. Personas are fictional characters created based on user research to represent different user types within a targeted demographic, attitude, and behavior set. They help in understanding various user needs and experiences, which is reflected in issue 1 and 2. Storyboards, on the other hand, are visual representations of a user's interaction with the product, providing a narrative of how the product is used.
They help in visualizing the process and identifying any missing elements, such as the lack of specified acceptance criteria for the booking process speed (issue 3) and the details on how confirmation is sent (issue
4). The need for a stub to test the payment method (issue 5) also aligns with the storyboard technique, which can help visualize the integration points and dependencies.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus and study resources provide insights into various requirements engineering techniques and their application in Agile environments12. These resources emphasize the importance of understanding user stories and acceptance criteria, which are key to uncovering the issues mentioned34567.
質問 # 40
Which of the following is an example of how continuous testing facilitates continuous delivery?
- A. Continuous testing is the process that delivers the code to the test environment
- B. Automated testing conducted in the delivery environment helps validate that the delivery has been successful
- C. Automated testing removes the need to report defects so the code can move more quickly toward production
- D. Continuous testing supports continuous delivery to production by constantly regression testing the software in the production environment so problems are identified quickly
正解：B
解説：
Continuous testing facilitates continuous delivery by ensuring that every change made to the codebase is tested automatically and immediately, which helps in identifying defects as early as possible. Automated testing in the delivery environment is crucial as it validates the success of the delivery process by ensuring that the software operates as expected in the production-like environment before the actual release.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester certification highlights the importance of technical testing skills in Agile development, including test automation approaches and continuous deployment and delivery1234.
質問 # 41
You are testing a new feature in the current iteration. The feature is supposed to take the input of a name and return the number of characters in the name. This information is used by another feature that will determine the size needed on a form. The acceptance criteria state the following
1) a name of up to 30 characters should be accepted
2) standard error processing should be in place to limit user errors
The developers are using TDD and you have asked to see their tests. This is what they gave you
When yourun your manual tests you are finding that when you use the following inputs you get the associated results:
From these results what can you conclude about the TDD process?
- A. The tests are insufficient and need to include more options
- B. The developers are not running the tests prior to releasing the code
- C. The story needs to be enhanced to include the capabilities that are causing errors
- D. The tests cannot be passing
正解：A
質問 # 42
The following User story is being developed using the 8DD approach:
As a Purchasing Manager
i want to see a list of all Purchase Orders placed so far this month with their total value So that I can control the amount of money being spent Which scenario is BOTH written in correct Gherkin format AND is appropriate for this User Story9 SEI ECT ONE OPTION
- A. Given that three Purchase Orders with a total value of £21.75 have been placed so far this month AND the Purchasing Manager has navigated to the Purchase Order Reporting page When the Purchasing Manager clicks the button 'List of Purchase Orders placed this month' Then the 3 orders and their total value of £21.75 are displayed
- B. Given that I am a Purchasing Manager AND three Purchase Orders with a total value of £21.75 have been placed so far this month When I request the list of Purchase Orders placed this month Then all orders and their total value of £21.75 are displayed
- C. Given that three Purchase Orders with a total value of £21.75 have been placed so far this month When the Purchasing Manager requests the list of Purchase Orders placed this month Then the appropriate details are displayed
- D. Given that three Purchase Orders with a total value of £21.75 have been placed so far this month When the Purchasing Manager requests the list of Purchase Orders placed this month Then the 3 orders and their total value of £21.75 are displayed
正解：D
解説：
Option D is written in correct Gherkin format and is appropriate for the User Story. It clearly states the precondition (three Purchase Orders with a total value of £21.75 have been placed), the action taken by the Purchasing Manager (requesting the list of Purchase Orders placed this month), and the expected outcome (the
3 orders and their total value of £21.75 are displayed). This scenario directly addresses the Purchasing Manager's desire to see a list of all Purchase Orders placed so far this month with their total value, which aligns with the User Story's goal of controlling the amount of money being spent.
References = ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester documents and Training resources12.
質問 # 43
When using a process-compliant approach to testing a safety-critical project what is an important aspect of test automation?
- A. It must provide exhaustive regression testing
- B. It must provide traceability back to the requirements and results documentation
- C. It must incorporate model-based testing
- D. It must implement automated checklists
正解：B
質問 # 44
You are working in a project that developed a product that has reached a stable state and is deployed on different HW configurations all over Europe.
You management decided to use your project as Proof of Concept for adopting CI as a new way of working. The POC was implemented on one set of hardware and was successful.
Which of the following actions is a good next step?
- A. Reduce the number of tests in the CI test suite, to improve the benefit of the CI approach
- B. Speed up test execution by decreasing the amount of User Interface (UI) testing to get faster feedback from the CI tests
- C. Implement code to dynamically select CI tests, executing only test cases affected by changes
- D. Enable different test configurations in the CI process to test different configurations that are deployed in the market
正解：D
解説：
The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester syllabus suggests that after a successful proof of concept (POC), it is important to expand the Continuous Integration (CI) process to handle various test configurations.
This is especially relevant for a product deployed across different hardware configurations in Europe. By enabling different test configurations in the CI process, you can ensure that the product works correctly on all the hardware configurations it will encounter in the market. This step is crucial for maintaining the quality and reliability of the product in diverse environments.
References = ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester documents and Training resources12.
質問 # 45
Why could test cases need to be refactored in an Agile project?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. To ensure that the tests and code remained aligned
- B. To maintain bi-directional traceability with the user stories
- C. To make them easier to understand and cheaper to modify
- D. To increase the breadth of black box coverage
正解：C
解説：
In Agile projects, test cases may need to be refactored to improve their clarity and maintainability. This process makes the test cases easier to understand and cheaper to modify, which is essential in Agile environments where changes are frequent and rapid. Refactoring test cases ensures that they remain effective and efficient as the codebase evolves, allowing for quick adjustments in response to new requirements or changes in the system under test.
References = The ISTQB Advanced Level Agile Technical Tester documents emphasize the importance of refactoring test cases in Agile projects to maintain their effectiveness and efficiency1.
質問 # 46
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