更新された2025年03月テストエンジンに練習ISA-IEC-62443テスト問題
ISA-IEC-62443リアル試験問題テストエンジン問題集トレーニングには90問あります
質問 # 41
Which service does an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) provide?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. It is effective against all vulnerabilities in networks and computer systems.
- B. It detects attempts to break into or misuse a computer system.
- C. It is the lock on the door for networks and computer systems.
- D. It blocks malicious activity in networks and computer systems.
正解：B
解説：
An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a network security tool that monitors network traffic and devices for known malicious activity, suspicious activity or security policy violations. The IDS sends alerts to IT and security teams when it detects any security risks and threats. However, an IDS does not block or prevent the malicious activity, it only detects and reports it. Therefore, an IDS is not the lock on the door for networks and computer systems, nor is it effective against all vulnerabilities in networks and computer systems. An IDS can be combined with an intrusion prevention system (IPS) to block the malicious activity in real time.
References:
* What is Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)? How does it Work? | Fortinet1
* Intrusion Detection System (IDS) - GeeksforGeeks2
* What is an intrusion detection system (IDS)? - IBM3
質問 # 42
What is OPC?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. A vendor-specific proprietary protocol for the communication of real-time plant data between control devices
- B. An open standard protocol for real-time field bus communication between automation technology devices
- C. An open standard serial communications protocol widely used in industrial manufacturing environments
- D. An open standard protocol for the communication of real-time data between devices from different manufacturers
正解：D
解説：
OPC stands for Open Platform Communications, and it is a series of standards and specifications for industrial telecommunication based on Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) for process control. It allows the communication of real-time data between devices from different manufacturers using various data transportation technologies, such as Microsoft's OLE, COM, DCOM, .NET, XML, and TCP123. OPC is not a protocolitself, but rather a standardized approach for data connectivity supported by the OPC Foundation3. OPC is widely used in industrial automation and control systems, as well as other industries, to achieve interoperability and integration between different applications and devices3.
A is incorrect, because OPC is not a field bus protocol, but rather a standard for data exchange between devices that may use different field bus protocols, such as Modbus, Profibus, or Ethernet/IP2. C is incorrect, because OPC is not a serial communications protocol, but rather a standard that can use various data transportation technologies, including serial, Ethernet, or wireless2. D is incorrect, because OPC is not a vendor-specific proprietary protocol, but rather an open standard that can be implemented by any vendor or device that supports the OPC specifications3. References: 1: Open Platform Communications - Wikipedia 2: What is OPC Protocol - The Automization 3: What is OPC? - OPC Foundation
質問 # 43
Electronic security, as defined in ANSI/ISA-99.00.01:2007. includes which of the following?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Computers, networks, operating systems, applications, and other programmable configurable
components of the system - B. Personnel, policies, and procedures related to the security of computers, networks. PLCs, and other
programmable configurable components of the system - C. Security guidelines for the proper configuration of IACS PLCs and other programmable configurable
components of the system - D. Security guidelines for the proper configuration of IACS computers and operating systems
正解：B
質問 # 44
Using the risk matrix below, what is the risk of a medium likelihood event with high consequence?
- A. Option B
- B. Option C
- C. Option D
- D. Option A
正解：A
解説：
According to the ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals, the risk matrix is a tool used to assess the risk of a particular event. The risk matrix is divided into three categories: likelihood, consequence, and risk. The likelihood is the probability that an event will occur, the consequence is the impact that the event will have, and the risk is the combination of the two. In this case, the risk of a medium likelihood event with high consequence is a high risk, as shown by the red cell in the matrix. References:
* ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals
* [ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Certificate Program]
* [Cybersecurity Library]
* [Using the ISA/IEC 62443 Standard to Secure Your Control Systems]
質問 # 45
Which of the following is an example of separation of duties as a part of system development and maintenance?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Changes are approved by one party and implemented by another.
- B. Configuration settings are made by one party and self-reviewed using a checklist.
- C. Developers write and then test their own code.
- D. Design and implementation are performed by the same team.
正解：A
解説：
Separation of duties is a security principle that aims to prevent fraud, errors, conflicts of interest, or misuse of resources by dividing critical tasks or functions among different people or teams. It is one of the foundational requirements (FRs) of the ISA/IEC 62443 standards for securing industrial automation and control systems (IACSs). According to the ISA/IEC 62443-2-1 standard, separation of duties includes the following system requirements (SRs):
* SR 2.1: Security management policy
* SR 2.2: Personnel security
* SR 2.3: System development and maintenance
* SR 2.4: Incident response and recovery
* SR 2.5: Compliance and review
Among these SRs, the one that is most related to the example of system development and maintenance is SR
2.3. SR 2.3 requires that the IACS shall provide the capability to ensure that the development and maintenance of the system and its components are performed in a secure manner. This means that the IACS should have a mechanism to control the access and authorization of developers, testers, integrators, and maintainers who work on the system and its components. It also means that the IACS should have a mechanism to verify and validate the quality and security of the system and its components before, during, and after the development and maintenance processes.
Therefore, an example of separation of duties as a part of system development and maintenance is that changes are approved by one party and implemented by another. This ensures that the changes are authorized, documented, and reviewed by someone who is not involved in the implementation. This reduces the risk of introducing errors, vulnerabilities, or malicious code into the system and its components.
References:
* ISA/IEC 62443-2-1:2010, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 2-1: Establishing an industrial automation and control systems security program1
* ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist Certificate Program2
* ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Library3
* Using the ISA/IEC 62443 Standards to Secure Your Control Systems4
質問 # 46
Who must be included in a training and security awareness program?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Temporary staff
- B. All personnel
- C. Employees
- D. Vendors and suppliers
正解：B
質問 # 47
Which of the following is an activity that should trigger a review of the CSMS?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. New technical controls
- B. Organizational restructuring
- C. Security incident exposing previously unknown risk.
- D. Budgeting
正解：A、B、C
解説：
According to the ISA/IEC 62443-2-1 standard, a review of the CSMS should be triggered by any changes that affect the cybersecurity risk of the industrial automation and control system (IACS), such as new technical controls, organizational restructuring, or security incidents1. Budgeting is not a trigger for CSMS review, unless it impacts the cybersecurity risk level or the CSMS itself2. References: 1: ISA/IEC 62443-2-1:2010, Section 4.3.3.3 2: A Practical Approach to Adopting the IEC 62443 Standards, ISAGCA Blog3
質問 # 48
What are the three main components of the ISASecure Integrated Threat Analysis (ITA) Program?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Software development security assurance, functional security assessment, and communications
robustness testing - B. Communications robustness testing, functional security assurance, and software robustness
communications - C. Communication speed, disaster recovery, and essential security functionality assessment
- D. Software robustness security testing, functional software assessment assurance, and essential security
functionality assessment
正解：A
質問 # 49
Which statement is TRUE reqardinq application of patches in an IACS environment?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Patches should be applied based on the organization's risk assessment.
- B. Patches never should be applied in an IACS environment.
- C. Patches should be applied within one month of availability.
- D. Patches should be applied as soon as they are available.
正解：A
解説：
Patches are software updates that fix bugs, vulnerabilities, or improve performance or functionality. Patches are important for maintaining the security and reliability of an IACS environment, but they also pose some challenges and risks. Applying patches in an IACS environment is not as simple as in an IT environment, because patches may affect the availability, integrity, or safety of the IACS. Therefore, patches should not be applied blindly or automatically, but based on the organization's risk assessment. The risk assessment should consider the following factors: 1
* The severity and likelihood of the vulnerability that the patch addresses
* The impact of the patch on the IACS functionality and performance
* The compatibility of the patch with the IACS components and configuration
* The availability of a backup or recovery plan in case the patch fails or causes problems
* The testing and validation of the patch before applying it to the production system
* The communication and coordination with the stakeholders involved in the patching process
* The documentation and auditing of the patching activities and results References: ISA TR62443-2-3 - Security for industrial automation and control systems, Part 2-3: Patch management in the IACS environment
質問 # 50
In which layer is the physical address assigned?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Layer 7
- B. Layer 1
- C. Layer 2
- D. Layer 3
正解：C
解説：
According to the OSI model, the physical address is assigned in the layer 2, also known as the data link layer.
The physical address is a unique identifier for each device on a network, such as a MAC address or a serial number. The data link layer is responsible for transferring data between adjacent nodes on a network, using the physical address to identify the source and destination of each frame. The data link layer also provides error detection and correction, flow control, and media access control. References: ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist Exam Prep, section 2.2; ISA/IEC 62443 Standards to Secure Your Industrial Control System, section 3.1.2.
質問 # 51
Which is a common pitfall when initiating a CSMS program?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Organizational lack of communication
- B. Immediate jump into detailed risk assessment
- C. Insufficient documentation due to lack of good follow-up
- D. Failure to relate to the mission of the organization
正解：B
解説：
"A common pitfall is to attempt to initiate a CSMS program without at least a high-level rationale that relates cyber security to the specific organization and its mission." A CSMS program is a Cybersecurity Management System program that follows the IEC 62443 standards for securing industrial control systems (ICS)1. A common pitfall when initiating a CSMS program is D.
Immediate jump into detailed risk assessment. This is because a detailed risk assessment requires a clear definition of the system under consideration (SuC), the allocation of IACS assets to zones and conduits, and the identification of threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences for each zone and conduit2. These steps are part of the assess phase of the CSMS program, which is the first phase of the security program development process2. However, before starting the assess phase, it is important to have the management team's support to ensure the CSMS program will have sufficient financial and organizational resources to implement necessary actions2. Therefore, jumping into detailed risk assessment without having the management buy-in is a common mistake that can jeopardize the success of the CSMS program.
質問 # 52
Which layer in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model would include the use of the File Transfer
Protocol (FTP)?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Data link layer
- B. Transport layer
- C. Application layer
- D. Session layer
正解：C
質問 # 53
Which is a common pitfall when initiating a CSMS program?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Immediate jump into detailed risk assessment
- B. Organizational lack of communication
- C. Failure to relate to the mission of the organization
- D. Insufficient documentation due to lack of good follow-up
正解：C
質問 # 54
Which of the following is the underlying protocol for Ethernet/IP?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Highway Addressable Remote Transducer (HART)
- B. Building Automation and Control Network (BACnet)
- C. Common Industrial Protocol
- D. Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) for Process Control
正解：C
質問 # 55
Which of the following provides the overall conceptual basis in the design of an appropriate security program?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Zone model
- B. Asset model
- C. Reference model
- D. Reference architecture
正解：C
解説：
The reference model provides the overall conceptual basis in the design of an appropriate security program. It defines the common terminology, concepts, and models that can be used by all stakeholders responsible for IACS security. The reference model describes the general characteristics of IACS, the typical threats and vulnerabilities, the security lifecycle phases, and the security levels. The reference model also introduces the concepts of zones and conduits, which are used to group and isolate assets with similar security requirements and to control the communication between them. Referenceshttps://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/solutions/Verticals/IoT_Security_Lab/IEC62443_WP.pd
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/solutions/Verticals/IoT_Security_Lab/IEC62443_WP.pdf
質問 # 56
Which organization manages the ISASecure conformance certification program?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. American Society for Industrial Security
- B. Security Compliance Institute
- C. Automation Federation
- D. National Institute of Standards and Technology
正解：B
質問 # 57
Which of the ISA 62443 standards focuses on the process of developing secure products?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. 62443-3-2
- B. 62443-1-1
- C. 62443-4-1
- D. 62443-3-3
正解：C
質問 # 58
Which of the following is the BEST example of detection-in-depth best practices?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Role-based access control and unusual data transfer patterns
- B. Role-based access control and VPNs
- C. Firewalls and unexpected protocols being used
- D. IDS sensors deployed within multiple zones in the production environment
正解：D
質問 # 59
Which is one of the PRIMARY goals of providing a framework addressing secure product development life-cycle requirements?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Well-documented security policies and procedures
- B. Defense-in-depth approach to designing
- C. Aligned development process
- D. Aligned needs of industrial users
正解：A
解説：
One of the primary goals of providing a framework that addresses secure product development lifecycle requirements is to ensure that security policies and procedures are well-documented. This objective is crucial because it establishes a structured and standardized approach to security that is integrated throughout the development process of software or systems. This framework helps in aligning the development process with security best practices, thereby mitigating risks associated with security vulnerabilities. Documentation of security policies and procedures ensures that security considerations are consistently applied and that compliance with relevant standards, such as ISA/IEC 62443, is maintained. This foundational approach supports the overall security posture by embedding security considerations directly into the lifecycle of product development, rather than addressing security as an afterthought.
質問 # 60
Safety management staff are stakeholders of what security program development?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. ERM
- B. SPRP
- C. CSMS
- D. CSA
正解：C
質問 # 61
Which is the PRIMARY responsibility of the network layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Provides the rules for framing, converting electrical signals to data
- B. Handles the physics of getting a message from one device to another
- C. Gives transparent transfer of data between end users
- D. Forwards packets, including routing through intermediate routers
正解：D
解説：
The primary responsibility of the network layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is to forward packets, including routing through intermediate routers. The network layer is the third layer from the bottom of the OSI model, and it is responsible for maintaining the quality of the data and passing and transmitting it from its source to its destination. The network layer also assigns logical addresses to devices, such as IP addresses, and uses various routing algorithms to determine the best path for the packets to travel.
The network layer operates on packets, which are units of data that contain the source and destination addresses, as well as the payload. The network layer forwards packets from one node to another, using routers to switch packets between different networks. The network layer also handles host-to-host delivery, which means that it ensures that the packets reach the correct destination host.
The other choices are not correct because:
* B. Gives transparent transfer of data between end users. This is the responsibility of the transport layer, which is the fourth layer from the bottom of the OSI model. The transport layer provides reliable and error-free data transfer between end users, using protocols such as TCP and UDP. The transport layer operates on segments, which are units of data that contain the source and destination port numbers, as well as the payload. The transport layer also handles flow control, congestion control, and multiplexing.
* C. Provides the rules for framing, converting electrical signals to data. This is the responsibility of the data link layer, which is the second layer from the bottom of the OSI model. The data link layer provides the means for transferring data between adjacent nodes on a network, using protocols such as Ethernet and WiFi. The data link layer operates on frames, which are units of data that contain the source and destination MAC addresses, as well as the payload. The data link layer also handles error detection, error correction, and media access control.
* D. Handles the physics of getting a message from one device to another. This is the responsibility of the physical layer, which is the lowest layer of the OSI model. The physical layer provides the means for transmitting bits over a physical medium, such as copper wire, fiber optic cable, or radio waves. The physical layer operates on bits, which are the smallest units of data that can be either 0 or 1. The physical layer also handles modulation, demodulation, encoding, decoding, and synchronization.
References:
* The OSI Model - The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain English1
* Network Layer in OSI Model2
* OSI model3
質問 # 62
Which of the following is an example of separation of duties as a part of system development and
maintenance?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Changes are approved by one party and implemented by another.
- B. Configuration settings are made by one party and self-reviewed using a checklist.
- C. Developers write and then test their own code.
- D. Design and implementation are performed by the same team.
正解：A
質問 # 63
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