[2026年02月]更新のISM CORe公式認定ガイドPDF
試験CORe Supply Management Core Exam
HBX COReプログラムを修了し、最終試験に合格した学習者は、ハーバード・ビジネス・スクールからクレデンシャル・オブ・リーダインス（信頼性の証明書）を取得する資格を得ることができます。これは、ビジネスにおける知識とスキルを検証するデジタル証明書であり、プログラムで学んだ概念や技術を現実のビジネスシナリオに適用できるかどうかを測定する厳格な評価であるHBX CORe認定試験が必要です。この認定は、世界中の雇用主や学術機関に認められ、学習者にキャリアにおける競争力を与えます。
HBXコアプログラムは、個人がビジネスの概念とスキルの強力な基盤を獲得するための優れた方法です。最終試験は、参加者のプログラムでカバーされている資料の知識と理解の厳密なテストです。試験に合格した人は、HBXコア認定を受け取ります。これは、雇用主と同僚に、ビジネスの概念とスキルに強固な基盤があることを示しています。
HBX COReプログラムの主要なコンポーネントの1つは、プログラム全体で学んだコアコンセプトに関する知識をテストする最終試験です。最終試験は、幅広いビジネストピックについての理解を示すために、学生が挑戦的で包括的であるように設計されています。試験はオンラインで受けられ、学生が不正なリソースを使用していないことを確認するためにプロクターがつきます。
質問 # 137
\NXY, Inc. is a manufacturer of metal castings. The firm contracts with Supplier Y to help meet WXY's supplier diversity initiative. Initially, Supplier Y has no issues meeting just-in-time scheduling and quality goals. However, after several months, the engineering lab finds inconsistent metallurgy and dimensional tolerance issues with Supplier Y's components. The firm's production manager is willing to assist Supplier Y.
Given this situation, which of the following courses of action should WXY's supply manager take?
- A. Assign specialists in lean manufacturing from WXY to develop Supplier Y into a lean manufacturing organization
- B. Request that WXY's senior management hold a conference call with Supplier Y and inform it that the quality issues need to be resolved immediately
- C. Assign a Six Sigma black belt from WXY to help Supplier Y find the root cause of the problems and institute procedures to improve quality
- D. Replace Supplier Y, as trying to improve its performance will likely be a waste of time and resources
正解：C
解説：
* Initial Performance: Supplier Y initially met quality and scheduling goals, indicating potential for capability.
* Quality Issues: The emergence of quality issues necessitates a structured problem-solving approach.
* Six Sigma Black Belt: A Six Sigma Black Belt is trained in identifying root causes and implementing process improvements.
* Long-term Improvement: Assigning a Six Sigma expert will help Supplier Y develop sustainable quality improvement processes, aligning with WXY's supplier diversity initiative and long-term goals.
* Supportive Approach: This approach is supportive rather than punitive, fostering supplier development and collaboration. References
* ASQ (American Society for Quality) guidelines on Six Sigma methodologies.
質問 # 138
A state university is looking to purchase equipment to scan books and manuscripts into a digital format.
Several variations of this equipment exist in the marketplace, and the university has not decided which format is best for their needs. There is also a possibility that the cost for additional storage requirements will be shared with the state. Given this situation, which of the following is the FIRST course of action the university should take?
- A. Issue a Request for Proposal (RFP)
- B. Issue a Request for Information (RFI)
- C. Conduct a joint suppliers' conference with the state government
- D. Negotiate an agreement with the state government to share storage costs
正解：B
解説：
* Identification of Need: The university needs to purchase equipment to digitize books and manuscripts.
* Market Variations: Several variations of the required equipment exist in the marketplace, indicating a need to understand the different options available.
* Undecided Format: The university has not decided which format is best, necessitating information gathering on different formats and their benefits.
* Cost Sharing Possibility: There is a possibility that the cost for additional storage will be shared with the state, adding another layer of complexity.
* First Course of Action: In such situations, the most appropriate first step is to gather comprehensive information on the available options. An RFI is a tool designed to collect information from suppliers
* about their products and services. It helps the university understand what is available in the market, the capabilities of different suppliers, and the possible costs and benefits of various options.
* Next Steps: After the RFI, the university can better determine their specific needs and proceed with more targeted procurement processes such as an RFP.
References
* ISM Glossary of Key Supply Management Terms
* CIPS Procurement and Supply Cycle
質問 # 139
A sourcing manager is asked by a stakeholder to purchase electronic signature software. To avoid additional license fees, the stakeholder wants an inclusive price covering all of the software's functionality. However, the budget available for the purchase is limited, and an all-inclusive package will drive up price. Given this situation, which of the following is MOST important for the stakeholder to provide before the sourcing manager contacts potential suppliers?
- A. A complete list of software functionality
- B. The complete project timeline
- C. A list classifying software functions as either "must have" or "nice to have"
- D. An explanation of why the avoidance of additional license schedules is justified
正解：C
解説：
Given the budget constraints and the desire for an all-inclusive price, it is crucial for the stakeholder to prioritize the software's functionality. This can be achieved by providing:
* The complete project timeline: Useful but not directly relevant to prioritizing software features.
* A list classifying software functions as either "must have" or "nice to have": This is the most critical information as it allows the sourcing manager to negotiate and select a package that meets the essential requirements within the budget constraints.
* An explanation of why the avoidance of additional license schedules is justified: Important for understanding the stakeholder's needs but secondary to prioritizing functionality.
* A complete list of software functionality: Necessary, but without classification, it doesn't help in managing the budget effectively.
Therefore, the most important action is to provide a list classifying software functions as either "must have
" or "nice to have".
References:
* Project management best practices on requirements prioritization.
* Software procurement strategies.
質問 # 140
The following regression equation shows the relationship between the cost of homeowner's insurance and two variables: the home's distance from the waterfront (in miles) and the amount spent on the home's security system (in dollars).
Cost of Homeowner's Insurance = 3,000 - 300*(distance from waterfront) - 10*(amount spent on security systems)
Which of the statements below accurately describes this relationship?
- A. Provided the amount spent on security systems remains constant, for each additional mile a house is from the waterfront, the cost of homeowner's insurance decreases by $300 on average.
- B. For each additional mile a house is from the waterfront, the cost of homeowner's insurance decreases by $300 on average.
- C. As a house's distance from the waterfront increases by 300 miles, the amount spent on security systems decreases by $10 on average.
- D. Provided the distance from the waterfront remains constant, for each additional dollar spent on a security system, the cost of homeowner's insurance increases by $10 on average.
正解：A
質問 # 141
A supply manager is leading a negotiation team. This team will negotiate with several finalists supplying complex services. Prior to the negotiations, the supply manager briefs the team on strategies, roles and responsibilities. The team members seem to understand the importance of these factors, but shortly after the negotiations commence, several members begin to make mistakes such as arguing witF each other and failing to pay attention. Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the supply manager to take at this point?
- A. End the negotiations and begin another round with different team members
- B. Contact the team members' supervisors and express concern over the way they acted during the negotiations
- C. Call a caucus and reiterate the negotiation rules and their Importance In interactions with suppliers
- D. Remove the offending stakeholders from the negotiations, as they are not following the instructions
正解：C
質問 # 142
Which of the following is the MOST important factor in the development of RFx documentation and processes?
- A. Receiving authorization and approval from the chief procurement officer for each RFx
- B. Working from a template tailored to the specific industry of the suppliers
- C. Having significant experience In the industry of the bidding suppliers
- D. Ensuring alignment with the policies and principles of the organization
正解：D
質問 # 143
Exhibit:
The scatterplot below shows the relationship between the number of wins for 30 Major League Baseball teams in 2013 and their respective payrolls. The best fit line is included in the scatterplot. Which option below MOST accurately describes the best fit line shown?
- A. y = 72.08 + 0.09x
- B. y = 0.09 + 72.08x
- C. y = 0.09 - 72.08x
- D. y = 72.08 - 0.09x
正解：A
質問 # 144
A supplier's willingness to deal with rejected materials, fill surges in orders, and provide technical support will be MOST affected by which of the following?
- A. Including such conditions in the statement of work
- B. Creating teaming agreements with suppliers
- C. Maintaining good supplier relationships
- D. Negotiating Inclusive terms and conditions
正解：C
解説：
A supplier's willingness to deal with rejected materials, fill surges in orders, and provide technical support is most influenced by maintaining good supplier relationships.
* Creating teaming agreements with suppliers: This can formalize collaboration but does not inherently foster goodwill and responsiveness.
* Negotiating inclusive terms and conditions: Important, but it sets the framework rather than influencing day-to-day willingness and responsiveness.
* Maintaining good supplier relationships: This builds trust, encourages cooperation, and ensures that the supplier is willing to go beyond the contractual terms to support the buying organization.
* Including such conditions in the statement of work: Ensures these terms are contractually agreed but may not impact the supplier's willingness as much as a strong relationship would.
Therefore, maintaining good supplier relationships will most affect the supplier's willingness to address these issues.
References:
* Supplier relationship management strategies.
* Institute for Supply Management (ISM) guidelines on supplier collaboration.
質問 # 145
A supply manager is planning a major sourcing event and wants to increase competition, especially by small and minority-owned businesses. The supply manager strives to maintain fairness with all suppliers. Which of the following is the BEST way to encourage diverse suppliers to participate?
- A. Apply a percentage decrease on unit costs during evaluation
- B. Modify contract terms and conditions
- C. Adjust delivery requirements
- D. Expand advertising of bidding opportunities
正解：D
質問 # 146
A supply manager receives negative feedback from internal stakeholders about several suppliers. However, the scorecards for these suppliers have been positive over the past few quarters, and any diminished performance is not reflected. Which of the following MOST likely explains this situation?
- A. The stakeholder requirements changed over time.
- B. The stakeholders' input to scorecards was improperly captured.
- C. The stakeholders failed to attend quarterly review meetings.
- D. The scorecard metrics were calculated incorrectly.
正解：A
解説：
* Review Stakeholder Feedback: Understanding the nature of the negative feedback is the first step.
* Analyze Scorecard Metrics: If the scorecards have been positive, but the feedback is negative, it suggests a misalignment.
* Identify Changes in Requirements: Stakeholders' needs and expectations might have evolved, and these changes may not be reflected in the current scorecard metrics.
* Adjust Metrics Accordingly: The scorecards should be updated to align with the new requirements to
* ensure they accurately reflect supplier performance.
References
* Monczka, R. M., Handfield, R. B., Giunipero, L. C., & Patterson, J. L. (2016). Purchasing and Supply Chain Management. Cengage Learning.
* van Weele, A. J. (2018). Purchasing and Supply Chain Management: Analysis, Strategy, Planning and Practice. Cengage Learning.
質問 # 147
GHI, Inc. manufactures and sells high-end headphones. Each pair of headphones is packaged with a kit of customizable parts. GHI sources these customizable parts from a specialty supplier. Recently, GHI received a shipment of the parts from the supplier, and although the materials arrived on time, they were not bagged and labeled individually as the contract requires, but rather arrived in bulk.
GHI needs the parts as soon as possible to complete its holiday orders. Given this situation, which of the following is the BEST course of action for GHI's supply manager to take?
- A. Return the materials as nonconforming items for replacement
- B. Have the parts properly packaged with the supplier's agreement to cover the costs
- C. Refuse to pay any invoice until the supplier corrects the mistake by repackaging the materials
- D. Send GHI's quality team to the supplier's facility
正解：B
解説：
* Immediate Need: GHI requires the parts as soon as possible to complete holiday orders.
* Supplier Error: The parts arrived in bulk rather than individually packaged and labeled as required.
* Optimal Solution: Negotiating with the supplier to properly package the parts and cover the associated costs ensures that GHI can use the parts quickly without additional delays.
* Avoiding Delays: This approach avoids the time-consuming process of returning the materials or sending a team, ensuring that production schedules are maintained.
References
* Burt, D. N., Petcavage, S. D., & Pinkerton, R. L. (2010). Supply Management. McGraw-Hill Education.
* Lysons, K., & Farrington, B. (2016). Procurement and Supply Chain Management. Pearson.
質問 # 148
A firm issues an RFQ for specialty electronics to be used within a new product line. Internal needs are assessed and specifications are prepared by engineering. The bid is sent to five current suppliers, all of whom are familiar with the firm's supply chain. However, only two of these suppliers respond, and their quotes are much higher than expected. Which of the following is the MOST likely explanation for what occurred?
- A. The internal needs were not adequately addressed.
- B. The suppliers were not qualified.
- C. The specifications were too broad.
- D. The specifications were too narrow.
正解：D
解説：
When only two suppliers respond to an RFQ and their quotes are much higher than expected, it is likely that the specifications were too narrow. Narrow specifications can limit the number of suppliers who are capable of meeting the requirements, reducing competition and driving up prices. Reviewing and potentially broadening the specifications can attract more suppliers and result in more competitive pricing.
References
* ISM (Institute for Supply Management). Effective RFQ Process Management.
* CIPS (Chartered Institute of Procurement & Supply). Developing Specifications and Requirements.
質問 # 149
Many people argue that giving patents for medicines is unfair, because it prevents many people from accessing the products they need to live a healthy life. Why do governments allow patents for medicines?
- A. Patents help promote innovation through easier recovery of fixed costs.
- B. Patents protect consumers from counterfeit medicines.
- C. Governments hope to earn tax revenues on monopoly profits.
- D. Patents increase consumers' willingness to pay for medicines.
正解：A
質問 # 150
The only bakery in a small town has introduced a new type of cookie and is not sure what demand for the cookie looks like. How could the bakery determine the marginal revenue earned by each additional cookie produced?
- A. Increase advertising to raise demand and sell more cookies
- B. Ask customers to fill out a survey about how a change in price would affect their purchasing decisions
- C. Decrease the price by small increments and observe the corresponding changes in quantity sold and revenue
- D. Conduct a focus group to determine how sensitive customers are to price changes
正解：C
質問 # 151
Which of the following BEST describes the strategic sourcing process?
- A. An analysis of the expected demand, supply market, and specific suppliers used by the organization
- B. A series of actions to identify suppliers to provide needed products/services for the organization
- C. The issuing of materials according to a schedule or to a job at its start time
- D. The solicitation and evaluation of bids and proposals to meet the organization's material needs
正解：B
解説：
The best description of the strategic sourcing process is D. A series of actions to identify suppliers to provide needed products/services for the organization. Strategic sourcing is a systematic and data-based approach for optimizing an organization's vendor base and improving overall value propositions for software and services1.
It involves planning, managing, and optimizing supply chain activities, which includes identifying suitable suppliers2.
質問 # 152 
Which of the following formulas in Excel would correctly calculate the mean of the data below? (Select all that apply.)
- A. =MEAN(B2:B13)
- B. =MODE(B2:B13)
- C. =AVERAGE(B2:B13)
- D. =MEDIAN(B2:B13)
- E. =SUM(B2:B13)/12
正解：C、E
質問 # 153
A rapidly-growing food service company Is creating a service level agreement (SLA) for laundry services. The current supply base has invested in new machines. Which of the following should be the PRIMARY focus area of the new SLA?
- A. Distance from the company
- B. Supplier capacity
- C. Cost
- D. Quality
正解：D
質問 # 154
A company has recently moved to outsourcing and low-cost country sourcing for two key product lines, and the supply manager has seen some of the cost savings erode as the supply chain and related distances increase.
However, the supply manager is certain that by working with the new supply base, many of the savings previously earned could be regained, especially since raw material lead times have actually decreased in the marketplace, and cycle time in most offshore assembly plants has been reduced by 35%. Which of the following should be employed?
- A. Multi-tier purchase agreements
- B. Value chain analysis
- C. Supplier alliance development
- D. Supplier mentorship
正解：C
解説：
The supply manager aims to regain the lost cost savings by collaborating closely with the new supply base.
Supplier alliance development is a strategic approach that involves working together with suppliers to improve processes, reduce costs, and enhance overall performance. Given the reduction in raw material lead times and offshore assembly cycle times, a strong alliance with suppliers can streamline the supply chain, optimize efficiencies, and restore cost savings.
References
* Strategic Supply Chain Management by Cohen and Roussel.
* Best practices in supplier relationship management and alliance development.
質問 # 155
A nutritional study is released that touts the benefits of eating cereal for breakfast. Concurrently, a new type of grain is invented that reduces the input costs in producing cereal. What will happen to the equilibrium price and the quantity consumed of bananas, a complement to breakfast cereal?
- A. Both the price of bananas and the quantity consumed will decrease.
- B. The price of bananas will increase, and the quantity consumed will decrease.
- C. The quantity consumed of bananas will increase, and the effect on price cannot be determined.
- D. The price and quantity consumed of bananas will not change.
正解：C
質問 # 156
A supply manager is seeking waterproofing consulting services to be used in the construction of a critical materials warehouse. It is the firm's first time procuring this type of service. Given this situation, the supply manager would be BEST served by
- A. Identifying preferred consultants
- B. preparing a flexible scope of work
- C. subcontracting the work to the general contractor
- D. hiring a staffing agency
正解：B
質問 # 157
An earthquake destroys a major manufacturing plant that produces sneakers. The manufacturing plant for rubber, a complementary good to sneakers, is unaffected by the earthquake. What is the result?
- A. The equilibrium quantity of sneakers increases, and the equilibrium quantity of rubber decreases.
- B. The equilibrium quantity for both products remains the same.
- C. The equilibrium quantity for both products decreases.
- D. The equilibrium quantity of sneakers decreases, and the equilibrium quantity of rubber increases.
正解：C
質問 # 158
An entrepreneur starts a new business by opening a bank account in the name of this business and making a capital contribution of $10,000 from a personal savings account. This action would impact the accounting equation by increasing assets and:
- A. Increasing liabilities
- B. Increasing owner's equity
- C. Decreasingowner's equity
- D. Decreasing liabilities
正解：B
質問 # 159
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